Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 315 - 362
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Язык: Английский
Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(7), С. 1074 - 1088
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023
In recent years, the field of neuroscience has gone through rapid experimental advances and a significant increase in use quantitative computational methods. This growth created need for clearer analyses theory modeling approaches used field. issue is particularly complex because studies phenomena that cross wide range scales often require consideration at varying degrees abstraction, from precise biophysical interactions to computations they implement. We argue pragmatic perspective science, which descriptive, mechanistic, normative models theories each play distinct role defining bridging levels will facilitate neuroscientific practice. analysis leads methodological suggestions, including selecting level abstraction appropriate given problem, identifying transfer functions connect data, themselves as form experiment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
55
Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(1), С. 168 - 185
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2022
Emerging research on neuroplasticity processes in psychosis spectrum illnesses-from the synaptic to macrocircuit levels-fill key gaps our models of pathophysiology and open up important treatment considerations. In this selective narrative review, we focus three themes, emphasizing alterations spike-timing dependent Hebbian plasticity that occur during adolescence, critical period for prefrontal system development: (1) Experience-dependent dysplasticity emerges from activity decorrelation within neuronal ensembles. (2) Plasticity operate bidirectionally: deleterious environmental experiential inputs shape microcircuits. (3) Dysregulated interact across levels scale time include compensatory mechanisms have pathogenic importance. We present evidence that-given centrality progressive dysplastic changes, especially cortex-pharmacologic or neuromodulatory interventions will need be supplemented by corrective learning experiences brain if are help people living with these illnesses fully thrive.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
27
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 163, С. 105737 - 105737
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
Throughout the educational system, students experiencing active learning pedagogy perform better and fail less than those taught through direct instruction. Can this be ascribed to differences in from a neuroscientific perspective? This review examines mechanistic, evidence that might explain cognitive engagement contributing outcomes between these instructional approaches. In classrooms, instruction comprehensively describes academic content, while provides structured opportunities for learners explore, apply, manipulate content. Synaptic plasticity its modulation by arousal or novelty are central all both As form of social learning, relies upon working memory. The reinforcement circuit, associated agency, curiosity, peer-to-peer interactions combine enhance motivation, improve retention, build higher-order-thinking skills environments. When memory becomes overwhelmed, additionally engaging circuit improves providing an explanation benefits learning. analysis mechanistic examination how emerging neuroscience principles inform pedagogical choices at levels.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 92(6), С. 436 - 439
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9
Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Emotional dysregulation, particularly unconscious catastrophic cognitions, plays a pivotal role in the genesis of panic disorder (PD). However, no studies have yet applied percentage amplitude fluctuation (PerAF) metric resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine spontaneous neural functioning and its relation cognitions PD. To explore interplay between activity, connectivity (FC), emotion regulation individuals with Cross-sectional study. The study encompassed 51 participants, including 26 PD patients 25 healthy individuals. PerAF algorithm was employed local activity Regions exhibiting aberrant were used as seed points for whole-brain FC analysis. Correlations utilized associations patterns neurocognitive assessments revealed that compared individuals, exhibited elevated values key emotion-regulation-related brain regions, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), striatum, amygdala, dorsomedial (dmPFC), cerebellum. In addition, vmPFC precuneus, well cerebellum weakened patients. Furthermore, positive noted measurements amygdala catastrophizing scores. involves regional network-level alterations activity. fronto-striatal-limbic circuits play critical catastrophic-style Reduced within default mode network cerebellum-default may signify coordination anomaly introspection cognitive activities These findings complement model implicit suggest potential intervention targets.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Introducción: La popularización del reduccionismo neurobiológico en psicopatología conlleva la idea de que esquizofrenia puede entenderse simplemente como el producto alteraciones funcionamiento cerebral. Por otro lado, y criticando esta tradición, enfoque fenomenológico propone debería un trastorno yo. Si bien ambas tradiciones son relevantes actualidad, creemos una comprensión completa fenómeno psicótico envuelve integración ambas. Objetivo: Este artículo plantea hipótesis saliencia aberrante es buen candidato para unificar tradición fenomenológica neuropsiquiátrica estudio esquizofrenia. Procedimiento: Luego examinar cuestión profundidad, exploramos forma podría explicar algunos los síntomas positivos consistente con sus descripciones fenomenológicas. Conclusiones: Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas consideraciones generales respecto las consecuencias nuestro análisis campo psicopatología.
Процитировано
0
Revista Española de Casos Clínicos en Medicina Interna, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(3), С. 111 - 112
Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2023
Процитировано
0
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown, С. 315 - 362
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0