Vagus nerve stimulation in brain diseases: Therapeutic applications and biological mechanisms

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 127, С. 37 - 53

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Noradrenergic modulation of rhythmic neural activity shapes selective attention

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(1), С. 38 - 52

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Why is everyone talking about brain state?

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 46(7), С. 508 - 524

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

The rapid and coordinated propagation of neural activity across the brain provides foundation for complex behavior cognition. Technical advances neuroscience subfields have advanced understanding these dynamics, but points convergence are often obscured by semantic differences, creating silos subfield-specific findings. In this review we describe how a parsimonious conceptualization state as fundamental building block whole-brain offers common framework to relate findings scales species. We present examples diverse techniques commonly used study states associated with physiology higher-order cognitive processes, discuss integration them will enable more comprehensive mechanistic characterization dynamics that crucial survival disrupted in disease.

Язык: Английский

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Tonic and phasic transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) both evoke rapid and transient pupil dilation

Brain stimulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(2), С. 233 - 244

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

BackgroundTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS or taVNS) is a non-invasive method of electrical the afferent pathway nerve, suggested to drive changes in putative physiological markers noradrenergic activity, including pupil dilation.ObjectiveHowever, it unknown whether different taVNS modes can map onto phasic and tonic activity. The effects on dilation humans are inconsistent, largely due differences protocols. Here, we attempted address these issues.MethodsWe investigated under (1 s) (30 taVNS, pre-registered, single-blind, sham-controlled, within-subject cross-over design, absence behavioural task.ResultsPhasic induced rapid increase size over baseline, significantly greater than sham stimulation, which rapidly declined after offset. Tonic similarly (and larger sham) returning baseline within 5 s, despite ongoing stimulation. Thus, both active closely resembled effect. There were no size, sustained size.ConclusionsThese results suggest that phasic- tonic-like standard parameters may modulate primarily mode as indexed by evoked dilation, above somatosensory effects. This result sheds light temporal profile with implications for their applicability further research.

Язык: Английский

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Graded recruitment of pupil-linked neuromodulation by parametric stimulation of the vagus nerve

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Март 9, 2021

Abstract Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is thought to affect neural activity by recruiting brain-wide release of neuromodulators. VNS used in treatment-resistant epilepsy, and increasingly being explored for other disorders, such as depression, a cognitive enhancer. However, the promise only partially fulfilled due lack mechanistic understanding transfer function between parameters neuromodulatory response, together with biosensors assaying efficacy real time. We here develop an approach head-fixed mice on treadmill show that pupil dilation reliable convenient biosensor VNS-evoked cortical neuromodulation. In ‘optimal’ zone parameters, current leakage off-target effects are minimized extent tracks basal-forebrain cholinergic axon neocortex. Thus, sensitive readout moment-by-moment, titratable brain state.

Язык: Английский

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When the Locus Coeruleus Speaks Up in Sleep: Recent Insights, Emerging Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(9), С. 5028 - 5028

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2022

For decades, numerous seminal studies have built our understanding of the locus coeruleus (LC), vertebrate brain’s principal noradrenergic system. Containing a numerically small but broadly efferent cell population, LC provides brain-wide modulation that optimizes network function in context attentive and flexible interaction with sensory environment. This review turns attention to LC’s roles during sleep. We show these go beyond down-scaled versions ones wakefulness. Novel dynamic assessments noradrenaline signaling activity uncover rich diversity patterns establish as an integral portion sleep regulation function. The could be involved beneficial functions for sleeping brain, even minute alterations its functionality may prove quintessential disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Potential Therapy in Early Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2022

Cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is caused by disturbances neuronal circuits of the brain underpinned synapse loss, and death. Amyloid beta tau protein cause these pathological changes enhance neuroinflammation, which turn modifies progression severity. Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), via activation locus coeruleus (LC), results release catecholamines hippocampus neocortex, can synaptic plasticity reduce inflammatory signalling. has shown promise to cognitive ability animal models. Research rodents that VNS have positive effects on basal function plasticity, tune signalling, limit accumulation amyloid plaques. humans with invasive non-invasive devices for modulation cognition. However, direct vagus afforded procedure carries surgical risks. In contrast, potential be a broadly available therapy manage symptoms early AD, however, magnitude specificity its remains elucidated, non-inferiority as compared still needs established. Ongoing clinical trials healthy individuals patients AD will provide valuable information clarify benefits cognition AD. Whether or produce significant improvement memory whether modify require further investigation.

Язык: Английский

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Associations among locus coeruleus catecholamines, tau pathology, and memory in aging

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 47(5), С. 1106 - 1113

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Vagus nerve stimulation: mechanisms and factors involved in memory enhancement

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been recognized as a useful neuromodulation tool to target the central nervous system by electrical of peripheral nerves. Activation nucleus solitary tract (NTS) in brainstem vagal afferent fibers allows for modulation various higher order brain regions, including limbic and cerebral cortex structures. Along with neurological psychiatric indications, clinical preclinical studies suggest that VNS can improve memory. While underlying mechanisms memory involve areas, such prefrontal processes alertness arousal, here we focus on VNS-induced improvements related hippocampus, main area implicated acquisition. In addition, detail research demonstrating targeted approach modify outcomes delve into molecular associated these changes. These findings indicate greater understanding while also considering parameters, administration site, timing relation training, sex-specific factors, may allow optimal application enhance

Язык: Английский

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Neuromodulation of Neural Oscillations in Health and Disease

Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 371 - 371

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2023

Using EEG and local field potentials (LFPs) as an index of large-scale neural activities, research has been able to associate oscillations in different frequency bands with markers cognitive functions, goal-directed behavior, various neurological disorders. While this gives us a glimpse into how neurons communicate throughout the brain, causality these synchronized network activities remains poorly understood. Moreover, effect major neuromodulatory systems (e.g., noradrenergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic) on brain drawn much attention. More recent studies have suggested that cross-frequency coupling (CFC) is heavily responsible for mediating network-wide communication across subcortical cortical structures, implicating importance neurotransmitters shaping coordinated actions. By bringing light role each system plays regulating brain-wide oscillations, we hope paint clearer picture pivotal play variety functions disorders, neuromodulation techniques can be optimized means controlling dynamics. The aim review showcase important dynamics, informing future pay close attention their involvement specific features associated behaviors.

Язык: Английский

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