Brief Temporal Perturbations in Somatosensory Reafference Disrupt Perceptual and Neural Attenuation and Increase Supplementary Motor Area–Cerebellar Connectivity

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(28), С. 5251 - 5263

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

Intrinsic delays in sensory feedback can be detrimental for motor control. As a compensation strategy, the brain predicts consequences of movement via forward model on basis copy command. Using these predictions, attenuates somatosensory reafference to facilitate processing exafferent information. Theoretically, this predictive attenuation is disrupted by (even minimal) temporal errors between predicted and actual reafference; however, direct evidence such disruption lacking as previous neuroimaging studies contrasted nondelayed reafferent input with input. Here, we combined psychophysics functional magnetic resonance imaging test whether subtle perturbations timing disrupt its processing. Twenty-eight participants (14 women) generated touches their left index finger tapping sensor right finger. The were delivered close time contact two fingers or perturbation (i.e., 153 ms delay). We found that brief at both perceptual neural levels, leading greater cerebellar responses weaker connectivity cerebellum, proportional changes. interpret effects failure predictively attenuate perturbed reafference. Moreover, observed increased supplementary area cerebellum during perturbations, which could indicate communication prediction error back centers. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our receives from our movements delay. To counteract delays, control theories postulate sensations received time. Thus, self-generated touch feels than an identical external touch. However, how perturb remains unknown. show make otherwise attenuated feel stronger, elicit stronger responses, weaken areas, increase areas. These findings areas are fundamental forming predictions about movements.

Язык: Английский

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Temporal Dynamics of Brain Activity Predicting Sense of Agency over Muscle Movements

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(46), С. 7842 - 7852

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2023

Our muscles are the primary means through which we affect external world, and sense of agency (SoA) over action those is fundamental to our self-awareness. However, SoA research date has focused almost exclusively on outcomes rather than musculature itself, as it was believed that could not be manipulated directly. Drawing methods from human–computer interaction adaptive experimentation, use human-in-the-loop Bayesian optimization tune timing electrical muscle stimulation so robustly elicit a electrically actuated movements in male female human subjects. We time-resolved decoding subjects' EEG estimate time course neural activity predicts reported trial-by-trial basis. Like paradigms assess consequences, found late (post-conscious) SoA. Unlike typical paradigms, however, also find patterns early (sensorimotor) with distinct temporal dynamics movements, suggesting “neural correlates agency” may depend level abstraction (i.e., direct sensorimotor feedback versus downstream consequences) most relevant given judgment. Moreover, fractal analysis suggests SoA-contingent modulate sensitivity motor system input. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The agency, feeling “I did that,” when directing one's own core feature experience. show can manipulate investigate these movements. evidence two processes: transient sequence begins sensorineural response later, sustained signature agency. These results shed light mechanisms by experience volitional.

Язык: Английский

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From rubber hands to neuroprosthetics: Neural correlates of embodiment

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 153, С. 105351 - 105351

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2023

Our interaction with the world rests on knowledge that we are a body in space and time, which can interact environment. This awareness is usually referred to as sense of embodiment. For good part past 30 years, rubber hand illusion (RHI) has been prime tool study embodiment healthy people variety clinical conditions. In this paper, provide critical overview research focus RHI paradigm prothesis individuals amputation. The relies well-documented multisensory integration mechanisms based sensory precision, where parietal areas involved resolving visuo-tactile conflict, premotor updating conscious bodily representation. mechanism may be transferable prosthesis ownership amputees. We discuss how these results might transfer technological development sensorised prostheses, turn progress acceptability by users.

Язык: Английский

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Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness

Qeios, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

While the study of consciousness has had a controversial history and, until recently, pessimistic prognosis, recent views within neuroscientific community suggest that maturing if incomplete scientific understanding is close at hand. The purpose this essay to specify major points on which in my opinion there widespread though not universal agreement, as proposed benchmarks for current state research across phylogenetic spectrum. Most published definitions boil down focus it process arising nervous system engaged with body and its environment, giving rise subjective (personal) experience. A broad consensus phenomenology sees consisting minimum (1) awareness_ _and focused attention, (2) unity perception, (3) qualitative variations content, (4) mental causation, (5) sense self. There also agreement substrate requires sizeable, complex systems organized into several hierarchical levels processing. Further insight gained by reconstructing evolution phenomenological experience ― most likely from multiple origins, hosted diversity brain architectures, diverging markedly different forms animal kingdom. However, three mysteries about remain unresolved are neurological correlates consciousness, apparent gap between mechanism, monitors activity admitted consciousness.

Язык: Английский

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Neural substrates underlying multisensory stiffness perception via active touch and dynamic visual feedback

Imaging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Humans perceive the physical properties of objects through active touch to acquire information that is unavailable by passive observation (e.g., pinching an object estimate its stiffness). Previous functional neuroimaging studies have investigated neural representations multisensory shape and texture perception using static images objects. However, in visuo-haptic perception, addition visual from itself, dynamic feedback exploratory actions a crucial cue. To integrate signals into unitary percept, brain must determine whether somatosensory sensation are congruent caused same action. The influence during has not yet been examined, substrates for stiffness still unknown. Here, we developed magnetic resonance imaging-compatible device enables users virtual spring two finger plates obtaining real-time plate movements. After confirming integration haptic cues behavioral experiments, regions signal processing action-feedback congruency separately imaging experiments. Modulating level contrasting bimodal/unimodal conditions revealed converged bilateral superior parietal lobules supramarginal gyri, while elicited significantly stronger responses left mid-cingulate cortex, postcentral gyrus, opercula. Further analysis causal modeling suggested top-down modulatory connections cortex opercula gyrus when was consistent with Our results shed light on mechanisms involved estimating feedback, which may involve distinct networks: one other judgment.

Язык: Английский

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Body Ownership and the Motor System: Rapid Facilitation of Embodied Fake Hand Movement on Actual Movement Execution

European Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 61(5)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Body ownership—the perception that one's body belongs to oneself—has been explored using a rubber hand illusion, in which individuals misperceive fake as their own (i.e., embodiment of the hand) when an unseen real and visible are stroked synchronously. Thus, movement embodied may be represented sensorimotor system. Using combination illusion motor task, we investigated whether simple influenced subsequent participants' hand. The participants lifted index finger immediately upon observing lifting on (rubber illusion) or non‐embodied (non‐rubber (Experiment 1), light‐emitting diode turning near 2). reaction times, peak velocities, acceleration were extracted from finger‐lifting movements. In Experiment 1, time was significantly shorter condition than non‐rubber condition, suggesting rapid facilitation effect actual movement. However, no such observed 2, confirming improved 1 resulted visual rather attention itself. contrast time, velocity did not differ either experiment. These findings reflect similar representations illusory self‐movement.

Язык: Английский

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Subcortical contributions to the sense of body ownership

Brain, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 147(2), С. 390 - 405

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Abstract The sense of body ownership (i.e. the feeling that our or its parts belong to us) plays a key role in bodily self-consciousness and is believed stem from multisensory integration. Experimental paradigms such as rubber hand illusion have been developed allow controlled manipulation laboratory settings, providing effective tools for investigating malleability boundaries distinguish self other. Neuroimaging studies converge on involvement several cortical regions, including premotor cortex posterior parietal cortex. However, relatively less attention has paid subcortical structures may also contribute perception, cerebellum putamen. Here, basis neuroimaging neuropsychological observations, we provide an overview relevant regions consider their potential generating maintaining over body. We suggest novel avenues future research targeting making own.

Язык: Английский

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Measuring virtual embodiment: A psychometric investigation of a standardised questionnaire for the psychological sciences

Computers in Human Behavior Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14, С. 100422 - 100422

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Psychological science increasingly employs virtual reality (VR) as a therapeutic and experimental tool. When represented by an avatar, user's self-perception is altered through full-body perceptual illusion known embodiment. However, inconsistent measurement of this construct derives uncertainties about the efficacy VR-driven behavioural, cognitive, social-psychological changes. Accordingly, we sought to provide psychological scientists valid reliable measure assess embodiment during simulations. In repeated-measures paradigm, participants (N = 86) completed series visuo-motor tasks in-vivo in VR. Our study had three objectives: 1) compare performance across VR tasks; 2) psychometric properties theoretically foundational body ownership, agency, self-location dimensions from questionnaire widely used literature; 3) analyse simplified 11-item questionnaire's underlying structure using principal component analysis (PCA). We found that does not directly align with physical when considering proprioception kinaesthesia, there limited support for convergent discriminant validity independent construct. strong criterion these comprise overall The PCA revealed straightforward interpretable components: embodiment, disembodiment, agency. This offers exploration grounded behavioural who seek investigate

Язык: Английский

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Growing Confidence and Remaining Uncertainty About Animal Consciousness

Qeios, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

While the study of consciousness has had a controversial history and, until recently, pessimistic prognosis, recent views within neuroscientific community suggest that maturing if incomplete scientific understanding is close at hand. Most published definitions boil down to focus on it as process arising in nervous system engaged with body and its environment, giving rise subjective (personal) experience. A broad consensus phenomenology sees consisting minimum (1) awarenessand focused attention, (2) unity perception, (3) qualitative variations content, (4) mental causation, (5) sense self. There also agreement substrate requires sizeable, complex systems organized into several hierarchical levels processing. Further insight gained by reconstructing evolution phenomenological experience ― most likely from multiple origins, hosted diversity brain architectures, diverging markedly different forms across animal kingdom. The three major mysteries remain about are neurological correlates consciousness, apparent gap between mechanism, agent monitors activity admitted consciousness.

Язык: Английский

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Synchronous motor imagery and visual feedback of finger movement elicit the moving rubber hand illusion, at least in illusion-susceptible individuals

Experimental Brain Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 241(4), С. 1021 - 1039

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Abstract Recent evidence suggests that imagined auditory and visual sensory stimuli can be integrated with real information from a different modality to change the perception of external events via cross-modal multisensory integration mechanisms. Here, we explored whether voluntary movements integrate proprioceptive cues how perceive our own limbs in space. Participants viewed robotic hand wearing glove repetitively moving its right index finger up down at frequency 1 Hz, while they executing corresponding synchronously or asynchronously (kinesthetic-motor imagery); electromyography (EMG) participants’ flexor muscle confirmed participants kept their relaxed imagining movements. The questionnaire results revealed elicited illusory ownership sense agency over hand—the rubber illusion—compared movements; individuals who affirmed experiencing illusion synchronous movement also did so drift task further demonstrated shift perceived location toward versus asynchronous motor imagery condition. These suggest kinesthetic used replace veridical congruent somatosensory feedback trigger body agency, but only if temporal congruence rule is obeyed. This observation extends previous studies on mental case bodily awareness, which has potentially important implications for research into embodiment brain–computer interface controlled prostheses computer-generated virtual reality.

Язык: Английский

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