Bridging the gap? Public–private partnerships and genetically modified crop development for smallholder farmers in Africa
Plants People Planet,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(2), С. 437 - 451
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023
Societal
Impact
Statement
Genetically
modified
(GM)
crops
have
the
potential
to
address
multiple
challenges
for
African
smallholder
farmers
but
are
limited
by
several
institutional
constraints.
Public–private
partnerships
(PPPs)
seen
as
an
organizational
fix
one
such
constraint,
bringing
privately
held
intellectual
property
rights
on
key
crop
technologies
public
institutions
develop
GM
farmers.
Here,
a
new
comprehensive
dataset
of
in
Africa
is
used
understand
extent
and
efficacy
PPP‐led
development
discuss
what
might
limit
their
future.
Summary
promoted
tool
Africa,
including
impacts
climate
change
food
insecurity.
Observers
noted,
however,
significant
achieving
goals,
most
notably,
(IPR)
traits
being
private
companies
who
incentives
those
To
bridge
gap
between
IPR
pro‐poor
breeding,
advocates
called
increased
funding
innovations
public–private
facilitate
transfer
from
research
institutes.
For
past
two
decades,
donors
firms
invested
considerable
resources
toward
PPPs.
However,
date,
few
efforts
empirically
examined
effectiveness
PPPs
at
continental
scale.
This
study
draws
examine
whether
anticipated
advantages
resulted
improved
ability
deliver
We
find
that
although
PPP
has
focused
more
relevant
farmers,
many
these
been
suspended,
with
only
thus
far
reaching
hands
can
some
issues
related
still
appear
constrained
other
challenges,
which
may
development,
reach,
achievement
targeted
benefits
Язык: Английский
Innovation in times of crisis: a pragmatic and inclusive approach to cope with urgent global sustainability challenges
Frontiers in Environmental Economics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
The
term
“polycrisis”
has
become
a
buzzword
to
describe
the
entanglement
and
reinforcement
of
multiple
global
crises
that
may
put
survival
humankind
at
risk.
It
builds
upon
Sustainability
Science
its
research
on
complex
interactions
systemic
risks.
approach
roots
in
“Limits
Growth”
report
published
by
Club
Rome
1972.
publication
predicted
sustainability
crisis
response
growing
human
resource
consumption.
threat
is
real,
but
there
are
lessons
be
learned
from
coping
with
past
how
they
were
addressed
far-sighted
government
initiatives
incentivized
decentralized
innovation
systems
achieve
well-defined
objectives.
These
proved
effective
because
based
an
adequate
understanding
endogenous
nature
economic
development
biocapacity
societal
resilience
can
enhanced
through
higher
levels
complexity.
Contemporary
European
mission-oriented
policies
(MOIPs)
their
strong
faith
state
as
pacesetter
economy
lack
this
understanding.
In
paper,
more
pragmatic
policy
proposed
accelerate
progress
UN
Sustainable
Development
Goals
(UN
SDGs)
general,
food
security
particular.
combines
target
orientation
US
missions
commitment
international
crop
networks
mobilize
entrepreneurship
for
inclusive
development.
Throughout
history,
such
opportunity-driven
approaches
public
responses
than
attempts
minimize
risks
limiting
growth.
Язык: Английский
Meeting dietary health objectives through farming: A feminist review of biofortification and potential for genome editing in sub-Saharan Africa
Elementa Science of the Anthropocene,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Agri-food
system
responses
to
malnutrition
aim
reach
population-level
impact
with
strategies
such
as
biofortification.
By
increasing
the
nutrient
content
in
crops
through
transgenics
or
conventional
breeding,
supporters
of
biofortification
describe
technology
a
cost-effective,
scalable,
and
marketable
strategy
for
addressing
nutrition-related
health
challenges.
In
sub-Saharan
Africa
(SSA),
governments
Kenya,
Nigeria,
South
Africa,
supported
by
private
foundations
bilateral
development
agencies,
are
taking
lead
researching
potential
genome-editing
technologies
that
could
develop
distribute
biofortified
more
efficiently
than
other
breeding
techniques.
While
production
nutrient-rich
food
is
widely
considered
be
an
effective
malnutrition,
gendered
aspects
how
integrated
into
daily
farming
practices
tends
overlooked.
This
article
argues
broader
framing
dietary
beyond
uptake
feminist
agroecology
opens
opportunities
consider
socio-economic
environmental
drivers
nutritional
reviews
recent
research
on
implications
SSA
explore
both
limitations
crop
investments
possibilities
challenges
deficiencies
region.
It
examines
various
framings
agri-food
shape
design,
financing,
implementation
global
malnutrition.
Specific
cultivation
processes
trait
selection,
labor
divisions
at
farm
level,
commercialization
examined
case
studies.
Three
reviewed—Quality
Protein
Maize
Ethiopia,
banana
Uganda,
orange
sweet
potato
Tanzania—with
eye
considering
impacts
local
systems.
doing
so,
aims
apply
lessons
learned
from
current
CRISPR-Cas9
(Clustered
Regularly
Interspaced
Short
Palindromic
Repeats-associated
protein).
Язык: Английский
GM Crops and the Jevons Paradox: Induced Innovation, Systemic Effects and Net Pesticide Increases From Pesticide‐Decreasing Crops
Journal of Agrarian Change,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025
ABSTRACT
The
Jevons
paradox
describes
how
increased
efficiency
in
the
use
of
a
resource
can
paradoxically
increase
rather
than
reduce
its
overall
consumption.
In
agricultural
systems,
is
confounded
by
broad
range
economic,
ecological,
social
and
evolutionary
factors.
Agriculture
particularly
elastic
kind
production:
Efficiencies
one
input
lead
to
an
consumption
other
inputs
as
well
changes
system
outputs.
Furthermore,
policy,
market
forces
farmer
decisions
shape
cultural
notion
across
landscape.
This
paper
expands
consider
not
just
efficiencies
induce
greater
parts
agrarian
systems
but
also
that
entrenches
capitalist
monoculture.
Genetically
modified
(GM)
crops
are
technology
with
theoretical
potential
make
agriculture
more
efficient
function
yield
per
(e.g.,
water,
fuel,
fertilizer
pesticide)
or
unit
land.
Like
technological
efficiencies,
however,
GM
over
past
30
years
has
contributed
reductions
nor
land
reclamations,
expansion
very
pesticides
these
technologies
purported
curtail.
Here,
we
present
global
analysis
Herbicide
Tolerant
empirical
case
study
from
Bacillus
thuringiensis
(Bt)
cotton
India.
lowering
costs
for
pesticide
applications
at
farm
level,
only
those
help
sustain
this
larger
chemical‐intensive
Язык: Английский
Socio-economic assessment and genetically engineered crops in Africa: Building knowledge for development?
Global Food Security,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
42, С. 100782 - 100782
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2024
How
could
we
know
if
agricultural
development
interventions
make
contributions
to
sustainable
goals
(SDGs)?
Genetically
engineered
(GE)
crops
are
celebrated
as
a
class
of
technological
that
can
realize
multiple
SDGs.
But
recent
studies
have
revealed
the
gap
between
GE
crop
program
and
approaches
used
assess
their
impacts.
Using
four
comprehensive
reviews
socio-economic
impacts,
identify
common
shortcomings
across
three
themes:
(a)
scope,
(b)
(c)
heterogeneity.
We
find
evaluation
sciences
literature
offers
alternative
assessment
enable
evaluators
better
inform
learning
decision-making.
recommend
use
methods
evaluations
look
beyond
agronomic
productive
effects
individual
traits
understand
wider
effects.
Язык: Английский
Alternatives to chemical pesticides: the role of microbial biocontrol agents in phytopathogen management: a comprehensive review
Journal of Plant Pathology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024
Язык: Английский
Cotton Monocultures and Reorganizing Socioecological Life in Telangana, India
Journal of Ethnobiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
44(1), С. 34 - 45
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2023
Five
hundred
years
of
desire
for
cotton
has
reshaped
landscapes,
built
global
economic
commodity
chains,
and
devalued
human
life
in
the
name
producing
cheap
clothing.
Since
2001,
monocultures
South
India
have
also
reorganized
genetic
codes,
continuing
centuries
work
to
maintain
socioecological
possibility
extractive
agricultural
production.
This
paper
combines
ethnographic
ethnobiological
research
Telangana,
India,
center
cotton's
role
organizing
an
agrarian
world
including
farmers,
farmworkers,
plants,
soils,
buyers,
weeds,
animals.
Mutually
exclusive
systems
genetically
modified
Bt
organic
production
offer
a
range
possible
organizations
labor,
aspiration,
reciprocity,
labor.
While
historically
situated
plantation
inequalities,
can
make
unexpected
room
relationships
outside
monoculture.
Язык: Английский
The future is only the beginning
Elementa Science of the Anthropocene,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Recent
advancements
in
genome
editing
have
captured
the
attention
of
scientists
and
policymakers,
who
contend
that
technology
has
a
large
role
to
play
advancing
food
climate
security
on
African
continent.
However,
modest
results
earlier
generations
biotechnology—such
as
genetically
modified
(GM)
crops—raise
questions
about
sustainability
new
technological
interventions.
This
special
feature
examines
lessons
learned
from
previous
GM
crops
other
agricultural
technologies,
using
them
analyze
portfolio
gene
edited
being
developed
for
farmers
today.
In
this
article,
we
introduce
6
papers
make
up
by
way
examining
future-oriented
discourses
around
advancement
editing.
Drawing
Science
Technology
Studies,
political
ecology,
critical
development
studies,
introduction
highlights
crucial
factors
shape
development,
practice,
politics
knowing
emphasizes
need
look
toward
multiple,
diverse
futures.
Язык: Английский
Gouvernance institutionnelle des plantes génétiquement éditées : le cas du riz à Madagascar
Science Technologie Développement,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
3(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Les
nouvelles
techniques
d'amélioration
des
plantes
sont
au
centre
d'une
nouvelle
gouvernance
de
l'innovation
variétale
qui
renouvelle
les
débats
sur
promesses
technologiques
apportées
par
variétés
OGM.Assimilables
à
ces
dernières,
elles
suscitent
controverses
en
termes
risques
écologiques,
agronomiques
et
socio-économiques.A
partir
d'un
cas
expérimental
d'usage
d'édition
du
génome
pour
développer
riz
Madagascar,
nous
avons
étudié
comment
interactions
entre
différentes
parties
prenantes
sociétales
renouvellent
la
issue
biotechnologies.Les
résultats
conduisent
proposer
reconfigurer
l'expérimentation
initiale
le
renforcement
compétences
détecter
modifications
génétiques
dans
prendre
compte
sociétaux.Ils
mettent
relief
l'insuffisance
cadres
institutionnels
d'évaluation
biosécurité
contexte
pays
sud.Ils
renseignent
solidifier
l'implication
située
prenantes.Ils
suggèrent
approches
plus
coopératives
définir
modèles
objectifs
innovations
variétales.ABSTRACT.New
breeding
(NBT)
are
today
at
the
of
a
new
governance
varietal
innovation
that
is
reigniting
debates
around
technological
promises
GMO
varieties.Similar
to
GMOs,
they
controversial
due
their
ecological,
agronomic
and
socio-economic
risks.By
examining
an
experimental
case
study
on
genome
editing
used
develop
rice
varieties
in
we
explore
how
between
different
societal
stakeholders
renew
biotechnology-based
innovation.The
results
suggest
initial
experimentation
should
be
reconfigured
by
strengthening
skills
detect
genetic
varieties,
as
well
considering
risks.They
highlight
inadequacy
institutional
frameworks
for
biosafety
risk
assessment
low-income
countries.The
also
inform
us
strengthen
these
through
targeted
stakeholder
involvement.They
more
cooperative
approaches
will
aid
defining
models
objectives
innovations.