MicroRNAs: circulating biomarkers for the early detection of imperceptible cancers via biosensor and machine-learning advances

Oncogene, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(28), С. 2135 - 2142

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

This review explores the topic of microRNAs (miRNAs) for improved early detection imperceptible cancers, with potential to advance precision medicine and improve patient outcomes. Historical research exploring miRNA's role in cancer collectively revealed initial hurdles identifying specific miRNA signatures early-stage difficult-to-detect cancers. Early studies faced challenges establishing robust biomarker panels overcoming heterogeneity types. Despite this, recent developments have supported miRNAs as sensitive biomarkers well having demonstrated remarkable diagnostic tools such those elusive symptoms or challenging criteria. discusses advent high-throughput technologies that enabled comprehensive profiling unique associated Furthermore, advancements bioinformatics machine-learning techniques are considered, integration multi-omics data which enhance both accuracy reliability miRNA-based assays. Finally, perspectives on continuing development discussion around remain, need standardised protocols addressing complex interplay biology conferred.

Язык: Английский

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Liquid biopsy for brain tumors

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 17(10), С. 943 - 947

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2017

Introduction: Minimally invasive methods will augment the clinical approach for establishing diagnosis or monitoring treatment response of central nervous system tumors. Liquid biopsy by blood cerebrospinal fluid sampling holds promise in this regard.Areas covered: In literature review, authors highlight recent studies describing analysis circulating tumor cells, cell free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles as strategies to accomplish liquid glioblastoma metastatic The then discuss continued efforts improve signal detection, standardize handling preparation, develop platforms application, establish a role biopsies personalized medicine.Expert commentary: As technologies used analyze these biomarkers continue evolve, we propose that there is future potential precisely diagnose monitor with biopsies.

Язык: Английский

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of glioma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cancer Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 109(9), С. 2651 - 2659

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2018

Glioma is the most common central nervous system tumor and associated with poor prognosis. Identifying effective diagnostic biomarkers for glioma particularly important in order to guide optimizing treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have drawn much attention because of their value diverse cancers, including glioma. We summarized studies identify potential values miRNAs patients. included articles reporting differentiation patients from controls. calculated sensitivities, specificities, area under curves (AUC) individual miRNA panels. found that overall sensitivity, specificity, AUC diagnosis were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81‐0.89), 90% CI 0.85‐0.93), 93% 0.91‐0.95), respectively. Meta‐regression analysis showed detection expression cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) brain tissue largely improved accuracy. Likewise, panels multiple could enhance pooled sensitivity. Moreover, miR‐21 was 0.88, 86% sensitivity 94% specificity. This study demonstrated function as markers Detection CSF displays high accuracy

Язык: Английский

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Tumor circulome in the liquid biopsies for cancer diagnosis and prognosis

Theranostics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(10), С. 4544 - 4556

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Liquid biopsy is a convenient, fast, non-invasive and reproducible sampling method that can dynamically reflect the changes in tumor gene expression profile, provide robust basis for individualized therapy early diagnosis of cancer. Circulating DNA (ctDNA) circulating cells (CTCs) are currently approved diagnostic biomarkers screening cancer patients. In addition, tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs), proteins, RNA (ctRNA) tumor-bearing platelets (TEPs) other components liquid biopsies with potential. this review, we have discussed clinical applications these biomarkers, factors limit their implementation routine practice. most recent developments isolation analysis been summarized, potential non-blood diagnostics has also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Circulating miRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 12

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2018

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Its main neuropathological hallmarks are degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and alpha-synuclein containing protein inclusions, called Lewy Bodies. The diagnosis idiopathic PD still based on assessment clinical criteria, leading to an insufficient diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, there no biomarker available allowing prediction course or monitoring response therapeutic approaches. So far, candidates such as have failed improve PD. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) body fluids promising for PD, they easily accessible by non- minimally-invasive procedures changes their expression associated with pathophysiological processes relevant Advances miRNA analysis methods resulted numerous recent publications miRNAs putative biomarkers. Here, we discuss applicability different sources biomarkers, highlight technical aspects give overview published studies investigating circulating other Parkinsonian syndromes.

Язык: Английский

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Liquid Biopsy in Glioblastoma: Opportunities, Applications and Challenges

Cancers, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(7), С. 950 - 950

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2019

Liquid biopsy represents a minimally invasive procedure that can provide similar information from body fluids to what is usually obtained tissue sample. Its implementation in the clinical setting might significantly renew field of medical oncology, facilitating introduction concepts precision medicine and patient-tailored therapies. These advances may be useful diagnosis brain tumors currently require surgery for collection, or perform genetic tumor profiling disease classification guidance therapy. In this review, we will summarize most recent putative applications liquid glioblastoma, common malignant adult tumor. Moreover, discuss remaining challenges hurdles terms technology biology its application.

Язык: Английский

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Small RNA Sequencing of Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cerebrospinal Fluid Reveals Differentially Expressed miRNAs Related to Neural and Glial Activity

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2018

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a clinical subtype of motor neurone disease (MND), fatal neurodegenerative involving the loss both upper and lower neurones from cortex, brainstem, spinal cord. Identifying specific biomarkers would help to not only improve diagnostic delay but also classify subtypes, monitor response therapeutic drugs track progression. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA responsible for regulating gene expression ultimately protein have been used as many cancers disorders. Investigating detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), that bathes central nervous system (CNS) prime target identifying potential ALS. This first study investigate CSF ALS patients using sequencing. We detected 11 differentially expressed sporadic (sALS) related neural glial activity. Additionally, involved glucose metabolism regulation oxidative stress were identified. Detecting presence derived miRNA sALS could open up whole new area knowledge gain better understanding pathophysiology. with further investigation, tracking over course be follow progression effect novel therapeutics personalised an individual phenotype.

Язык: Английский

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MicroRNA based theranostics for brain cancer: basic principles

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 38(1)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2019

Because of the complexity blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain tumors, especially most common and aggressive primary malignant tumor type arising from central nervous system (CNS), glioblastoma, remain an essential challenge regarding diagnostic treatment. There are no approved circulating or prognostic biomarkers, nor novel therapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors for chemotherapy brings only minimal survival benefits. The development molecular biology led to discovery new potential tools therapeutic targets, offering premise detect patients at earlier stages overcome current poor prognosis. One breakthrough might come microRNAs (miRNAs). It is well-known that miRNAs play a role in initiation various types cancer, including glioblastoma. review aims answer following questions concerning RNA theranostics tumors: (1) which best candidates become early biomarkers?; (2) how deliver agents CNS BBB?; (3) methods restore/inhibit miRNAs? proven roles played by gliomagenesis their capacity pass tissue into blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), we propose as ideal biomarkers. Moreover, recent advances direct miRNA restoration (miRNA mimics) inhibition therapy (antisense oligonucleotides, antagomirs, locked nucleic acid anti-miRNA, small molecule inhibitors) make perfect entering clinical trials glioblastoma

Язык: Английский

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The Roles of miRNA in Glioblastoma Tumor Cell Communication: Diplomatic and Aggressive Negotiations

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(6), С. 1950 - 1950

Опубликована: Март 12, 2020

Glioblastoma (GBM) consists of a heterogeneous collection competing cellular clones which communicate with each other and the tumor microenvironment (TME). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) present various exchange mechanisms: free miRNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or gap junctions (GJs). GBM cells transfer miR-4519 miR-5096 to astrocytes through GJs. Oligodendrocytes located in invasion front high levels miR-219-5p, miR-219-2-3p, miR-338-3p, all related their differentiation. There is reciprocal between endothelial (ECs) as promotes angiogenesis after being transferred into ECs, whereas miR-145-5p acts suppressor. In glioma stem (GSCs), miR-1587 miR-3620-5p increase proliferation inhibits hormone receptor co-repressor-1 (NCOR1) EVs transfers. GBM-derived carry miR-21 miR-451 that are up-taken by microglia monocytes/macrophages, promoting proliferation. Macrophages release enriched cells. This bidirectional increases STAT3 activity macrophages, invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis, resistance treatment. miR-1238 upregulated resistant EVs, conferring adjacent via CAV1/EGFR signaling pathway. Decrypting these mechanisms could lead better patient stratification development novel target therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Liquid Biopsy in Glioblastoma Management: From Current Research to Future Perspectives

The Oncologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(10), С. 865 - 878

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2021

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary tumor of central nervous system. Arising from neuroepithelial glial cells, GBM characterized by invasive behavior, extensive angiogenesis, and genetic heterogeneity that contributes to poor prognosis treatment failure. Currently, there are several molecular biomarkers available aid in diagnosis, prognosis, predicting outcomes; however, all require biopsy tissue. Nevertheless, a tissue sample single location has its own limitations, including risk related procedure difficulty obtaining longitudinal samples monitor response fully capture intratumoral GBM. To date, no blood or cerebrospinal fluid for detection, follow-up, prognostication Liquid offers an attractive minimally solution support different stages management, assess biology tumor, identify early recurrence genomic evolution, predict both potential resistance chemotherapy radiotherapy, allow patient selection targeted therapies. The aim this review describe current knowledge regarding application liquid glioblastoma, highlighting benefits obstacles translation into clinical care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: translate practice, further prospective studies required with larger cohorts increase specificity sensitivity. With ever-growing interest RNA nanotechnology, microRNAs may have therapeutic role brain tumors.

Язык: Английский

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