Constraints to and conservation implications for climate change adaptation in plants

Conservation Genetics, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 17(2), С. 305 - 320

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2015

Contemporary climate change is having widespread impacts on plant populations. Understanding how plants respond to this essential our efforts conserve them. The key responses of populations can be categorised into one three types: migration, in situ adaptation, or extirpation. If are avoid extirpation then migration and/or adaptation essential. In review we first articulate the current and future constraints populations, but trees particular, different strategies (e.g. space availability, rate change, habitat fragmentation, niche availability). Secondly, assess use most appropriate methods natural environmental gradients, genome transcriptome scans) for assessing understanding adaptive capacity adapt challenges. Thirdly, discuss best conservation approaches assisted biodiversity corridors, ex strategies) help overcome plants. Our synthesis plant, particularly tree, combined with identification designed constraints, will deliver effective management actions assist face change.

Язык: Английский

---

Rapid shifts in dispersal behavior on an expanding range edge

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 110(33), С. 13452 - 13456

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2013

Dispersal biology at an invasion front differs from that of populations within the range core, because novel evolutionary and ecological processes come into play in nonequilibrium conditions expanding edges. In a world where species' limits are changing rapidly, we need to understand how individuals disperse front. We analyzed extensive dataset radio-tracking invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina) over first 8 y since they arrived site tropical Australia. Movement patterns vanguard differed those same area postcolonization. Our model discriminated encamped versus dispersive phases each toad's movements demonstrated pioneer spent longer periods mode displayed longer, more directed while were mode. These analyses predict overall displacement per year is than twice as far for compared with tracked few years later site. Studies on established (or even postestablishment) thus may massively underestimate dispersal rates leading edge population. This, turn, will cause us underpredict which organisms move new territory native taxa can expand newly available habitat under climate change.

Язык: Английский

---

Rapid trait evolution drives increased speed and variance in experimental range expansions

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2017

Abstract Range expansions are central to two ecological issues reshaping patterns of global biodiversity: biological invasions and climate change. Traditional theory considers range expansion as the outcome demographic processes birth, death dispersal, while ignoring evolutionary implications such processes. Recent research suggests evolution could also play a critical role in determining speed but controlled experiments lacking. Here we use flour beetles ( Tribolium castaneum ) show experimentally that mean stochastic variation both increased by rapid traits at edge. We find higher dispersal ability lower intrinsic growth rates evolve edge compared with spatially nonevolving controls. Furthermore, these is variable, leading enhanced variance among replicate population expansions. Our results demonstrate must be considered alongside ones better understand predict

Язык: Английский

---

A genetic perspective on rapid evolution in cane toads (Rhinella marina)

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 24(9), С. 2264 - 2276

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2015

Abstract The process of biological invasion exposes a species to novel pressures, in terms both the environments it encounters and evolutionary consequences range expansion. Several invaders have been shown exhibit rapid changes response those thus providing robust opportunities clarify processes at work during phenotypic transitions. accelerating pace cane toads ( R hinella marina ) tropical Australia its 80‐year history has well characterized level, including common‐garden experiments that demonstrate heritability several dispersal‐relevant traits. Individuals from front (and their progeny) show distinctive morphology, physiology behaviour that, combination, result far more dispersal than is true conspecifics long‐colonized areas. extensive body on toad ecology enables us place into context studies genetic basis these Our analyses differential gene expression ends this invasion‐history transect reveal substantial upregulation many genes, notably involved metabolism cellular repair. Clearly, then, dramatically evolution accompanied by shifts expression, suggesting system suited investigating underpinnings invasiveness.

Язык: Английский

---

What Do We Really Know About Adaptation at Range Edges?

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 51(1), С. 341 - 361

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2020

Recent theory and empirical evidence have provided new insights regarding how evolutionary forces interact to shape adaptation at stable transient range margins. Predictions trait divergence leading edges are frequently supported. However, declines in fitness beyond show that has sometimes been insufficient maintain high fitness, so identifying constraints remains a key challenge. Indirect suggests expansion may be limited by adaptive genetic variation, but direct estimates of still scarce. Sequence data suggest increased load edge populations several systems, its causes consequences usually poorly understood. The balance between maladaptive positive effects gene flow on deserves further study. It is becoming increasingly clear characterizations about degree based solely geographical peripherality unsupported.

Язык: Английский

---