Constraints to and conservation implications for climate change adaptation in plants

Conservation Genetics, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 305 - 320

Published: Sept. 24, 2015

Contemporary climate change is having widespread impacts on plant populations. Understanding how plants respond to this essential our efforts conserve them. The key responses of populations can be categorised into one three types: migration, in situ adaptation, or extirpation. If are avoid extirpation then migration and/or adaptation essential. In review we first articulate the current and future constraints populations, but trees particular, different strategies (e.g. space availability, rate change, habitat fragmentation, niche availability). Secondly, assess use most appropriate methods natural environmental gradients, genome transcriptome scans) for assessing understanding adaptive capacity adapt challenges. Thirdly, discuss best conservation approaches assisted biodiversity corridors, ex strategies) help overcome plants. Our synthesis plant, particularly tree, combined with identification designed constraints, will deliver effective management actions assist face change.

Language: Английский

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Rapid shifts in dispersal behavior on an expanding range edge

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 110(33), P. 13452 - 13456

Published: July 29, 2013

Dispersal biology at an invasion front differs from that of populations within the range core, because novel evolutionary and ecological processes come into play in nonequilibrium conditions expanding edges. In a world where species' limits are changing rapidly, we need to understand how individuals disperse front. We analyzed extensive dataset radio-tracking invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina) over first 8 y since they arrived site tropical Australia. Movement patterns vanguard differed those same area postcolonization. Our model discriminated encamped versus dispersive phases each toad's movements demonstrated pioneer spent longer periods mode displayed longer, more directed while were mode. These analyses predict overall displacement per year is than twice as far for compared with tracked few years later site. Studies on established (or even postestablishment) thus may massively underestimate dispersal rates leading edge population. This, turn, will cause us underpredict which organisms move new territory native taxa can expand newly available habitat under climate change.

Language: Английский

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Rapid trait evolution drives increased speed and variance in experimental range expansions

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2017

Abstract Range expansions are central to two ecological issues reshaping patterns of global biodiversity: biological invasions and climate change. Traditional theory considers range expansion as the outcome demographic processes birth, death dispersal, while ignoring evolutionary implications such processes. Recent research suggests evolution could also play a critical role in determining speed but controlled experiments lacking. Here we use flour beetles ( Tribolium castaneum ) show experimentally that mean stochastic variation both increased by rapid traits at edge. We find higher dispersal ability lower intrinsic growth rates evolve edge compared with spatially nonevolving controls. Furthermore, these is variable, leading enhanced variance among replicate population expansions. Our results demonstrate must be considered alongside ones better understand predict

Language: Английский

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A genetic perspective on rapid evolution in cane toads (Rhinella marina)

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 2264 - 2276

Published: April 20, 2015

Abstract The process of biological invasion exposes a species to novel pressures, in terms both the environments it encounters and evolutionary consequences range expansion. Several invaders have been shown exhibit rapid changes response those thus providing robust opportunities clarify processes at work during phenotypic transitions. accelerating pace cane toads ( R hinella marina ) tropical Australia its 80‐year history has well characterized level, including common‐garden experiments that demonstrate heritability several dispersal‐relevant traits. Individuals from front (and their progeny) show distinctive morphology, physiology behaviour that, combination, result far more dispersal than is true conspecifics long‐colonized areas. extensive body on toad ecology enables us place into context studies genetic basis these Our analyses differential gene expression ends this invasion‐history transect reveal substantial upregulation many genes, notably involved metabolism cellular repair. Clearly, then, dramatically evolution accompanied by shifts expression, suggesting system suited investigating underpinnings invasiveness.

Language: Английский

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Life history trade-offs, the intensity of competition, and coexistence in novel and evolving communities under climate change

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 372(1712), P. 20160046 - 20160046

Published: Dec. 6, 2016

The consequences of climate change for local biodiversity are little understood in process or mechanism, but these changes likely to reflect both changing regional species pools and competitive interactions. Previous empirical work largely supports the idea that competition will intensify under change, promoting exclusions extinctions, while theory conceptual indicate relaxed may fact buffer communities from losses typically witnessed at broader spatial scales. In this review, we apply life history understand conditions which alternative scenarios play out context a range-shifting biota undergoing rapid evolutionary environmental leading-edge trailing-edge communities. We conclude that, general, warming temperatures reduce variation among competitors, intensifying established novel However, longer growing seasons, severe stress increased climatic variability associated with against intensified competition. role plasticity evolution has been previously underappreciated community ecology, hold key understanding interactions climates.This article is part themed issue 'Human influences on evolution, ecological societal consequences'.

Language: Английский

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