Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: How Much Do We Still Not Know?
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1), С. 19 - 19
Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2023
The
term
“neuroinflammation”
defines
the
typical
inflammatory
response
of
brain
closely
related
to
onset
many
neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs).
Neuroinflammation
is
well
known,
but
its
mechanisms
and
pathways
are
not
entirely
comprehended.
Some
progresses
have
been
achieved
through
efforts
research.
Consequently,
new
cellular
molecular
mechanisms,
diverse
conventional,
emerging.
In
listing
some
those
that
will
be
subject
our
description
discussion,
essential
important
roles
peripheral
infiltrated
monocytes
clonotypic
cells,
alterations
in
gut–brain
axis,
dysregulation
apelinergic
system,
endothelial
glycocalyx
component
neuronal
vascular
units,
variations
expression
genes
levels
encoding
molecules
by
action
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
or
other
epigenetic
factors
distinctive
transcriptional
factors,
as
role
autophagy,
ferroptosis,
sex
differences,
modifications
circadian
cycle.
Such
can
add
significantly
understanding
complex
etiological
puzzle
neuroinflammation
ND.
addition,
they
could
represent
biomarkers
targets
ND,
which
increasing
elderly.
Язык: Английский
A Narrative Review: Syndecans in Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis and Course—Biomarkers and Targets?
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(3), С. 1211 - 1211
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
The
maintenance
of
the
integrity
entire
endothelium,
glycocalyx
included,
and,
therefore,
tissue
aorta’s
homeostasis,
depends
on
expressions
several
molecular
pathways
and
their
interactions,
such
as
syndecan
molecules.
Alterations
in
syndecans,
i.e.,
quantitative
alterations
or
linking
to
shedding,
contributes
invoking
endothelium
dysfunction,
which
causes
damage
vessel
wall
due
increased
production
growth-stimulating
pro-inflammatory
gene
products.
Inflammatory
processes
negatively
affect
endothelial
glycocalyx,
a
dynamic
layer
luminal
portion
cells
composed
proteoglycans,
glycoproteins,
glycosaminoglycans,
syndecans.
In
turn,
structural
influence
coagulative
state,
increasing
pro-thrombotic
processes.
family
syndecans
constitutes
major
component
or,
more
accurately,
source
cell
surface
heparan
sulfate.
It
encompasses
four
components:
syndecan-1,
syndecan-2,
syndecan-4
(with
syndecan-3
only
expressed
neural
tissue),
have
fundamental
role
regulating
events
acute
chronic
aorta
subsequently
correlated
with
formation
aneurysms.
As
such,
aim
our
review
is
highlight
current
knowledge
roles
analyze
relationship
pathological
aortic
based
most
recent
literature.
Язык: Английский
Different Levels of Therapeutic Strategies to Recover the Microbiome to Prevent/Delay Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) or Arrest Its Progression in Children
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(7), С. 3928 - 3928
Опубликована: Март 31, 2024
Changes
in
the
components,
variety,
metabolism,
and
products
of
microbiomes,
particularly
gut
microbiome
(GM),
have
been
revealed
to
be
closely
associated
with
onset
progression
numerous
human
illnesses,
including
hematological
neoplasms.
Among
latter
pathologies,
there
is
acute
lymphoblastic
leukemia
(ALL),
most
widespread
malignant
neoplasm
pediatric
subjects.
Accordingly,
ALL
cases
present
a
typical
dysfunctional
GM
during
all
its
clinical
stages
resulting
inflammation,
which
contributes
progression,
altered
response
therapy,
possible
relapses.
Children
characteristic
variations
composition,
functions,
such
alterations
may
influence
predict
complications
prognosis
after
chemotherapy
treatment
or
stem
cell
hematopoietic
transplants.
In
addition,
growing
evidence
also
reports
ability
formation,
growth,
roles
newborn's
system
through
process
developmental
programming
fetal
life
as
well
susceptibility
onco-hematological
namely
ALL.
Here,
we
suggest
some
therapeutic
strategies
that
can
applied
at
two
levels
intervention
recover
consequently
prevent/delay
arrest
progression.
Язык: Английский
Circulating Levels of Ferritin, RDW, PTLs as Predictive Biomarkers of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Risk after Cardiac Surgery in Extracorporeal Circulation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(23), С. 14800 - 14800
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2022
Postoperative
atrial
fibrillation
(POAF)
is
the
most
common
arrhythmia
after
cardiac
surgery
in
conventional
extracorporeal
circulation
(CECC),
with
an
incidence
of
15-50%.
The
POAF
pathophysiology
not
known,
and
no
blood
biomarkers
exist.
However,
association
between
increased
ferritin
levels
AF
risk,
has
been
demonstrated.
Based
on
such
evidence,
here,
we
evaluated
effectiveness
other
haematological
parameters
as
risk
patients
subjected
to
surgery.
We
enrolled
105
(mean
age
=
70.1
±
7.1
years;
70
men
35
females)
diverse
heart
pathologies
who
were
cardiothoracic
Their
samples
collected
used
determine
hematological
parameters.
Electrocardiographic
echocardiographic
also
evaluated.
data
obtained
demonstrated
significantly
higher
serum
ferritin,
red
cell
distribution
width
(RDW),
platelets
(PLTs)
patients.
resulted
be
independent
factor
associated
onset
risk.
Thus,
detected
cut-off
value,
which,
when
≥148.5
ng/mL,
identifies
subjects
at
highest
abnormal
ECG
parameters,
PW
indices,
altered
structural
disease
variables.
Serum
RDW,
PTLs
represent
predictive
CECC;
particularly,
combined
anormal
indices
variables
can
optimal
tool
for
predicting
only
POAF,
but
eventual
stroke
onset.
Язык: Английский
Clinical Evaluation Tool for Vascular Health–Endothelial Function and Cardiovascular Disease Management
Cells,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(21), С. 3363 - 3363
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2022
There
are
330
million
people
suffering
from
cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD)
in
China,
and
two
out
of
every
five
deaths
were
due
to
CVD.
CVD
has
become
the
main
disease
burden
China.
Vascular
health
management
can
detect
subclinical
vascular
such
as
endothelial
dysfunction.
Through
controlling
risk
factors,
function,
be
improved
events
prevented
upstream.
Peking
University
Shougang
hospital
is
first
practitioner
life-long
since
2010
The
established
Beijing
Health
Stratification
(BVHS)
focuses
on
comprehensive
evaluation
function
structure
explores
application
information
technology
artificial
intelligence
management.
tertiary
hospital-primary
hospital-family
service
model
guided
by
BVHS
better
realize
prophylaxis
prevention
control
strategy
based
health,
especially
management,
help
implement
"healthy
China
2030"
plan.
In
this
review,
we
focus
advances
clinical
assessment
including
arteriosclerosis,
new
potential
biological
markers
provide
possible
therapeutic
targets,
BVHS,
a
aging
system.
Strengthening
great
significance
for
occurrence
groups
adverse
patients
with
diseases.
Язык: Английский
Promising Strategies for Preserving Adult Endothelium Health and Reversing Its Dysfunction: From the Liquid Biopsy to New Omics Technologies and Non-invasive Circulating Biomarkers
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2022
The
endothelium
has
multiple
functions
from
maintaining
vascular
homeostasis,
providing
nutrition
and
oxygen
to
tissues,
evocating
inflammation,
under
adverse
conditions,
determining
endo-thelial
barrier
disruption
resulting
in
dysfunction.
Endothelial
dysfunction
represents
the
typical
condition
associated
with
pathogenesis
of
all
diseases
cardiovascular
system,
as
well
other
human
body’s
systems,
also
including
sepsis,
acute
respiratory
distress
syn-drome
COVID-19
distress.
Such
evidence
is
leading
identifying
potential
bi-omarkers
therapeutic
targets
for
preserving,
reverting,
or
restoring
integrity
functionality
by
early
treating
its
Here,
it
stresses
some
strategies
achieving
these
goals,
even
if
diverse
challenges
exist
require
a
significant
bench
work
an
in-creased
number
clinical
studies.
Язык: Английский
Could the Combination of eGFR and mGPS Facilitate the Differential Diagnosis of Age-Related Renal Decline from Diseases? A Large Study on the Population of Western Sicily
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(23), С. 7352 - 7352
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023
The
assessment
of
renal
function
is
critical
to
diagnosing
and
managing
age-related
decline,
disease
(KD),
failure,
which
are
prevalent
in
the
elderly
population.
glomerular
filtration
rate
(GFR)
widely
used
as
an
indicator
kidney
function,
but
its
direct
measurement
challenging,
age
gender
caveats.
This
makes
difficult
differential
diagnosis
between
physiological
decline
KD
and/or
failure.
Currently,
inflammation-based
modified
Glasgow
prognostic
score
(mGPS)
emerging
a
promising
biomarker
several
inflammatory
acute/chronic
diseases.
In
this
study,
large
variability
eGFR
with
was
evaluated
association
values
mGPS
levels.
A
population
57,449
adult
participants
(age
≥
18
years)
enrolled.
Appropriate
circulating
biomarkers
were
measured
detect
values.
data
obtained
demonstrated
significant
decrease
men
vs.
women
across
four
selected
classes
(18-40,
40-60,
60-80,
80-100
years);
significantly
associated
(p
<
0.001),
categories.
Accordingly,
percentage
people
having
=
2
increased
classes:
11%
G1/eGFR
class
needed
achieve
44%
G5/eGFR.
Thus,
combination
could
represent
best
benchmark
risk
model
for
from
reduction.
Язык: Английский