International Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharma Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(2), С. 60 - 64
Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024
ickle
cell
anemia
(SCA)
is
a
genetic
disorder
characterized
by
the
production
of
abnormal
hemoglobin,
specifically
hemoglobin
S
(HbS),
which
leads
to
sickling
red
blood
cells
(RBCs)
and
subsequent
microvascular
occlusion.
Vaso-occlusive
crises
(VOCs)
are
hallmark
SCA,
resulting
in
acute
pain
potential
organ
damage.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
role
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
pathophysiology
as
it
contributes
accumulation
misfolded
proteins
activates
unfolded
protein
response
(UPR).
This
response,
while
initially
adaptive,
can
become
detrimental
when
prolonged,
leading
cellular
dysfunction
exacerbating
process.
The
relationship
between
ER
VOCs
involves
several
interconnected
mechanisms,
including
activation
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
apoptosis
erythroid
precursor
cells,
oxidative
stress.
stress-induced
inflammation
promotes
adhesion
sickled
RBCs
leukocytes
endothelium,
enhancing
obstruction.
Additionally,
effects
on
erythropoiesis
lead
further
hypoxia,
creating
vicious
cycle
that
perpetuates
risk
VOCs.
Understanding
these
mechanisms
provides
critical
insights
into
complexities
SCA
factors
contribute
frequency
severity
Targeting
pathways
presents
novel
therapeutic
strategy
improve
clinical
outcomes
patients
with
SCA.
Pharmacological
agents
alleviate
or
modulate
UPR
may
enhance
RBC
function
reduce
incidence
Keywords:
Sickle
anemia,
vaso-occlusive
crisis,
stress,
inflammation,
strategies
Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(1), С. 25 - 29
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Maternal
anemia
is
a
prevalent
condition
that
poses
significant
health
risks
to
both
mothers
and
their
infants.
Accurate
timely
diagnosis
crucial
for
effective
management,
particularly
in
differentiating
between
iron
deficiency
(IDA)
thalassemia
trait
(TT),
two
common
causes
of
microcytic
during
pregnancy.
The
Mentzer
Index
(MI),
simple
cost-effective
diagnostic
tool,
used
distinguish
these
conditions
by
calculating
the
ratio
mean
corpuscular
volume
(MCV)
red
blood
cell
(RBC)
count.
This
review
explores
utility
maternal
diagnosis,
highlighting
its
role
early
detection
management.
offers
rapid,
straightforward
approach
identifying
underlying
cause
pregnant
women,
especially
resource-limited
settings.
A
result
MI
<
13
suggests
trait,
while
>
indicative
anemia.
Early
differentiation
allows
targeted
interventions,
such
as
supplementation
IDA,
avoids
unnecessary
therapy
TT,
thus
optimizing
patient
outcomes.
Despite
advantages,
has
limitations,
cases
mixed
or
when
other
forms
are
present.
In
instances,
further
tests
necessary
an
accurate
diagnosis.
Keywords:
Index,
Anemia,
Iron
Deficiency,
Thalassemia,
Diagnosis
Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(1), С. 11 - 14
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Maternal
anemia
is
a
significant
health
concern
during
pregnancy,
as
it
poses
risks
for
both
maternal
and
fetal
well-being.
Two
common
causes
of
microcytic
in
pregnant
women
are
iron
deficiency
(IDA)
thalassemia
trait
(TT).
Distinguishing
between
these
conditions
crucial,
their
management
differs
substantially.
The
Mentzer
Index
(MI),
simple
diagnostic
tool,
commonly
used
to
differentiate
IDA
TT
based
on
the
mean
corpuscular
volume
(MCV)
red
blood
cell
(RBC)
count.
However,
while
MI
widely
due
its
simplicity
cost-effectiveness,
accuracy
can
be
influenced
by
various
factors,
including
presence
mixed
anemia,
laboratory
errors,
coexisting
conditions.
This
review
explores
challenges
evaluates
role
clinical
practice.
We
discuss
how
helpful
initial
screening,
particularly
resource-limited
settings,
but
highlight
limitations
cases
complex
such
when
coexists
with
deficiency.
also
examine
complementary
methods,
serum
ferritin,
hemoglobin
electrophoresis,
genetic
testing,
which
improve
guide
treatment
decisions.
Keywords:
Index,
challenges,
Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(1), С. 1 - 4
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Anemia
during
pregnancy
is
a
significant
public
health
challenge,
affecting
maternal
well-being
and
fetal
development.
Among
the
most
common
causes
are
iron
deficiency
anemia
(IDA)
thalassemia
trait
(TT),
conditions
requiring
distinct
management
strategies.
Accurate
differentiation
between
these
critical,
as
misdiagnosis
can
lead
to
suboptimal
treatment
outcomes.
The
Mentzer
Index,
calculated
by
dividing
mean
corpuscular
volume
(MCV)
red
blood
cell
(RBC)
count,
offers
simple
reliable
tool
for
distinguishing
IDA
TT,
especially
in
resource-limited
settings.
This
review
explores
utility
of
Index
improving
diagnosis
pregnancy.
By
analyzing
routine
complete
count
(CBC)
results,
allows
initial
differentiation,
facilitating
timely
appropriate
interventions.
A
value
≥13
indicates
IDA,
guiding
clinicians
toward
supplementation,
while
<13
suggests
prompting
further
investigations
genetic
counseling.
approach
reduces
unnecessary
interventions,
improves
diagnostic
accuracy,
ensures
tailored
management,
mitigating
complications
such
preterm
birth,
low
birth
weight,
morbidity.
Keywords:
pregnancy,
anemia,
deficiency,
Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(1), С. 001 - 006
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
Pregnancy
complications
present
significant
challenges,
impacting
maternal
health
and
fetal
development.
Oxidative
stress,
a
key
contributor
to
various
pregnancy-related
disorders
such
as
preeclampsia,
gestational
diabetes
mellitus
(GDM),
preterm
birth,
has
spurred
interest
in
exploring
antioxidant
interventions.
Antioxidants,
known
for
their
ability
counteract
oxidative
damage,
have
emerged
potential
therapeutic
agents
mitigate
these
complications.
This
paper
synthesizes
current
knowledge
on
the
role
of
antioxidants
pregnancy,
elucidating
mechanisms
action,
sources,
impact
stress-related
It
examines
diverse
compounds,
including
vitamins
C
E,
selenium,
natural
phytochemicals,
highlighting
modulate
stress
pathways
promote
maternal-fetal
well-being.
Furthermore,
this
critically
analyzes
clinical
studies,
meta-analyses,
preclinical
research
efficacy
safety
supplementation
during
pregnancy.
discusses
complexities
surrounding
optimal
dosages,
timing,
formulations
antioxidants,
aiming
delineate
strategies
integration
into
prenatal
care.
In
conclusion,
review
provides
insights
promising
alleviate
pregnancy
associated
with
stress.
highlights
avenues
future
research,
advocating
deeper
understanding
utilization
care
enhance
outcomes.
International Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharma Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(2), С. 60 - 64
Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024
ickle
cell
anemia
(SCA)
is
a
genetic
disorder
characterized
by
the
production
of
abnormal
hemoglobin,
specifically
hemoglobin
S
(HbS),
which
leads
to
sickling
red
blood
cells
(RBCs)
and
subsequent
microvascular
occlusion.
Vaso-occlusive
crises
(VOCs)
are
hallmark
SCA,
resulting
in
acute
pain
potential
organ
damage.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
role
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
pathophysiology
as
it
contributes
accumulation
misfolded
proteins
activates
unfolded
protein
response
(UPR).
This
response,
while
initially
adaptive,
can
become
detrimental
when
prolonged,
leading
cellular
dysfunction
exacerbating
process.
The
relationship
between
ER
VOCs
involves
several
interconnected
mechanisms,
including
activation
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
apoptosis
erythroid
precursor
cells,
oxidative
stress.
stress-induced
inflammation
promotes
adhesion
sickled
RBCs
leukocytes
endothelium,
enhancing
obstruction.
Additionally,
effects
on
erythropoiesis
lead
further
hypoxia,
creating
vicious
cycle
that
perpetuates
risk
VOCs.
Understanding
these
mechanisms
provides
critical
insights
into
complexities
SCA
factors
contribute
frequency
severity
Targeting
pathways
presents
novel
therapeutic
strategy
improve
clinical
outcomes
patients
with
SCA.
Pharmacological
agents
alleviate
or
modulate
UPR
may
enhance
RBC
function
reduce
incidence
Keywords:
Sickle
anemia,
vaso-occlusive
crisis,
stress,
inflammation,
strategies
