Memorability and Cognitive Errors in Recognizing Graffiti in Urban Environments: Results from a Field Experiment
Nauchnyi Dialog,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(2), С. 163 - 180
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
The
authors
of
vandalistic
alterations
to
urban
environments
aim
make
their
works
noticeable
the
maximum
number
observers
in
order
draw
attention
statements.
However,
from
perspective
“inadvertent
observer,”
visibility
unauthorized
graffiti
as
elements
landscape
and
cognitive
impact
are
not
immediately
evident.
objective
this
study
is
examine
perception
form
images
vandalized
texts,
focusing
on
recognition
memorization
by
observers”
natural
settings
during
a
walking
route.
Participants
field
experiment
(29
individuals
aged
14
59)
were
asked
walk
along
pedestrian
route
city
center
Yekaterinburg.
direction
participants’
gaze
was
tracked
using
mobile
eyetracking
glasses.
After
completing
route,
respondents
selected
(both
texts)
encountered
way
set
alternatives
presented
questionnaire.
It
found
that
most
frequently
recognized
participants
18
29,
with
no
significant
differences
based
gender.
A
preference
for
recognizing
over
texts
identified.
Familiar
comprehensible
graffiti,
well
those
addressing
atypical
(particularly
religious)
themes,
more
readily.
Cognitive
errors
(e.g.,
memory
attribution
errors)
linked
widespread
presence
typical
environments.
Язык: Английский
Features of students’ perceptions of urban graffiti with significant educational potential
The Education and science journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(6), С. 68 - 94
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2024
Introduction.
In
a
modern
urban
environment,
graffiti
also
plays
role
in
shaping
the
younger
generation.
Certain
creolised
texts
have
significant
educational
potential
as
they
reach
wide
audience
of
casual
observers.
These
can
propagate,
emphasise,
appeal
to,
or
influence
emotional
state
reader.
However,
peculiarities
perception
and
assessment
are
practically
unstudied
scientific
community.
Aim.
The
aim
study
was
to
investigate
mechanism
impact
with
pronounced
on
individuals
by
assessing
features
their
perception,
memorisation,
response,
interpretation
content.
Methodology
research
methods.
present
is
part
an
exploratory
laboratory
experiment
using
high-precision
equipment,
known
"eye-tracker".
During
experiment,
21
were
evaluated.
selected
from
pool
2,000
photographs,
which
taken
vandalised
megacities
Russian
Federation.
results
processed
mathematically
statistically
descriptive
statistics,
MANOVA,
comparative
analysis,
contingency
tables.
Results.
demonstrate
that
memorised
reproduced
10
43%
participants.
describes
unique
eye-movement
patterns
observed
during
texts,
lead
reduced
comprehension
content
embedded
them.
Generalised
principles
for
creating
effectively
realise
positive
include
presence
prosocial
message,
brevity
text,
literal
unambiguous
communication,
complementation
text
consistent
graphic
image,
use
text.
Scientific
novelty.
novelty
lies
identifying
through
graffiti,
potential,
impacts
students.
This
achieved
characterising
evaluation,
interpretation.
Practical
significance
collected
data
achieve
goals
utilisation
street
art
spaces.
includes
considering
specific
characteristics
limitations
how
young
people
perceive
value
these
forms.
Язык: Английский
Vandalism. Why Doesn’t the “Broken Windows” Theory Work?
Psychology and Law,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(3), С. 26 - 38
Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2024
<p
style="text-align:
justify;">Vandalism
is
a
widespread
phenomenon
that
causes
material
damage
and
contributes
to
the
degradation
of
urban
environment,
which
requires
introduction
effective
preventive
measures
based
on
an
understanding
genesis
phenomenology
vandalism.
One
basic
theories
used
in
prevention
vandalism
“broken
windows”
theory.
The
theory
suggests
spread
vandal
transformations
caused
by
initial
signals
potential
for
norm
violations,
weak
social
control,
insufficient
sanctioning
such
violations.
Minor
signs
tolerance
deviance
environment
(graffiti,
littering,
etc.)
may
contribute
serious
delinquent
behavior.
As
result,
has
been
central
“zero
tolerance”
policy.
There
are
valid
criticisms
theory,
related
both
its
evidence
base
failure
account
complex
causal
relationships
operation
norms.
Regarding
vandalism,
limitations
diversity
forms
activity,
each
regulated
separate
norms,
lack
desire
anonymity
or
avoidance
sanctions
some
vandals,
tactical
nature
close
connection
with
cultural
foundations
community.</p>
Язык: Английский
Cognitive Mechanisms of Graffiti: Compression, Defocusing, and Focusing
Nauchnyi Dialog,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(8), С. 171 - 187
Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2024
This
study
aims
to
identify
the
predominant
cognitive
mechanisms
underlying
graffiti.
The
analysis
is
based
on
photographs
of
over
2000
instances
urban
graphic
defacement
(i.e.,
graffiti)
documented
in
major
cities
across
Russia,
including
Yekaterinburg,
Moscow,
Saint
Petersburg,
and
Nizhny
Novgorod.
Utilizing
content
expert
evaluation
methods,
research
delineates
three
key
that
contribute
semantic
unity
first
mechanism,
compression,
manifests
defacements
through
linguistic
play
or
transmission
discursive
texts.
second
defocusing,
linguistically
actualized
technique
absurdity
(everyday
anchors
illogicality)
activation
emotion
surprise.
It
noted
surprise
elicits
various
reactions
from
audience
—
such
as
loss
control,
bewilderment,
uncertainty
which
subsequently
leads
prolonged
retention
memory
meanings
embedded
respective
graffiti
against
a
backdrop
vivid
atypical
psycho-emotional
states.
third
focusing,
embodied
philosophical
Язык: Английский