Socioecology and Prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Quilombolas Living in the Brazilian Amazon

American Journal of Human Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Objectives This cross‐sectional study presents socioecological, epidemiological aspects, and the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in a group quilombola (afro‐derived) communities states Pará Tocantins, Brazilian Amazon, to evaluate impact SARS‐CoV‐2 prevalence among them. Methods A total 551 individuals participated. The detection anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies was performed using an enzyme immunoassay. Socioeconomic ecological data collected from all participants 7 years age or older who were not previously vaccinated. Results both 40.7% associated with factors such as group, contact infected individuals, being lockdown inside quilombos . In Pará, statistically significant association observed between females, 12–18 years. addition, higher than reported use masks protective factor, while presence antibodies. There no COVID‐19 symptoms Pará. However, diarrhea loss taste infection. Conclusions Quilombola are highly vulnerable groups due long history enslavement Brazil. is first investigation its these Amazon. helps us understand relationship socioecological differences, behavioral characteristics, dynamics viral transmission risk infection by traditional populations, can be useful planning more culturally adequate public health policies for future epidemics.

Язык: Английский

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Intimate Partner Violence in the COVID-19 Era: A Health, Psychological, Forensic and Legal Perspective

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(9), С. 4973 - 4973

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022

This commentary aims to provide a multidisciplinary framework on intimate partner violence (IPV) during the COVID-19 pandemic (with specific focus most predominant form of gender-based violence, i.e., male towards women), commenting multiple negative consequences gender and providing elements effective practice. We searched literature for reports/studies issue IPV pandemic, focusing health, psychological, forensic, legal aspects. The combined effects lockdowns, isolation at home with abusive partners, quarantine, economic worries/loss job could significantly facilitate against women and, same time, diminish women’s chances seek help, strong impact their life. continued offer clinical, services survivors despite modifications provision these due new needs related appears utmost importance. All actions support are expected be multidisciplinary, including involvement social and/or health systems, woman-centred. Implementing measures in era challenging but is primary

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the implementation of a multi-component hypertension program in a Guatemalan under-resourced dynamic context: an application of the RE-AIM/PRISM extension for sustainability and health equity

Implementation Science Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid changes in healthcare delivery Guatemala’s public primary care settings. A new hypertension program, implemented as part of a type 2 hybrid trial since 2019, exemplifies an implementation effort amidst changing context under-resourced setting. We assessed the evidence-based intervention (EBI; protocol-based treatment) and one its main strategies (team-based collaborative care), raising implications for health equity sustainability. present innovative application systems thinking visuals. Methods Conducting convergent mixed methods analysis, we response to contextual across five Ministry Health (MoH) districts at pandemic’s onset. Utilizing quantitative programmatic data qualitative interviews with stakeholders ( n =18; providers, administrators, study staff), evaluated dimensions “Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation Maintenance,” RE-AIM (Reach, + adaptations), “Practical Robust Sustainability Model,” PRISM (Organizational perspective on EBI, Fit, sustainability infrastructure) frameworks. representativeness by comparing participants census data. To assess delivery, built behavior-over-time (BOT) graphs (July 2019–July 2021). adaptations changes, performed matrix-based thematic analysis. converged joint displays. Finally, analyzed results RE-AIM/PRISM identify considerations. Results Contextual factors that facilitated program included perception EBI was beneficial, champions, staff communication. Key barriers competition other activities limited infrastructure (e.g., equipment, medications). related hindered threatened sustainability, may have exacerbated inequities. However, were planned enhanced supported improved Conclusions Recognition EBI’s benefits champions are important supporting initial uptake. ability plan amid has potential advantages equitable delivery. Systems tools approaches shed light relations between context, adaptations, sustainable implementation. Trial registration NCT03504124

Язык: Английский

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A Population-based Epidemiologic Study of Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Fatalities in Brazilian Children over Three Years

The Journal of Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 276, С. 114267 - 114267

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Disruption of diabetes and hypertension care during the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery approaches in the Latin America and Caribbean region: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1), С. e074443 - e074443

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted primary healthcare globally, with particular impacts on diabetes and hypertension care. This review will examine the impact of disruptions care services evidence for interventions to mitigate or reverse in Latin America Caribbean (LAC) region. scoping delivery disruption approaches recovery LAC region during pandemic, focusing awareness, detection, treatment control. Guided by Arksey O'Malley's methodology framework, this protocol adheres Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines protocols Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidance development reviews. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Global Health, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web Science LILACS peer-reviewed literature published from 2020 12 December 2022 English, Spanish Portuguese. Studies be considered eligible if reporting data within LAC, implemented globally. acute excluded. Two reviewers independently screen each title/abstract eligibility, full texts titles/abstracts deemed relevant extract full-text publications. Conflicts resolved through discussion help a third reviewer. Appropriate analytical techniques employed synthesise data, example, frequency counts descriptive statistics. Quality assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Assessment Scale. No ethics approval was needed as is literature. Results disseminated report World Bank Pan American Health Organization, scientific journals, at national international conferences.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring women's postpartum experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-method analysis

Midwifery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104311 - 104311

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Association between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and serum biomarkers with mortality in Mexican patients

Journal of Education and Health Promotion, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in high mortality among hospitalized patients; thus, identifying markers treating these patients is essential. To evaluate the association between viral load and serum biomarkers with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted 198 inpatient records from a tertiary hospital Mexico City January April 2021. severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) death due to COVID-19 assessed using Cox regression models. RESULTS: median age 54.9 years, 61.6% were males. rate 43.4%. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.56; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01, 2.42; P value 0.041]; concentrations of BUN (aHR 4.87;95% CI 2.70, 8.79; 0.001), creatinine 1.60;95% 2.54; 0.043), osmolality 4.37;95% 2.34, 8.14; glucose 2.41;95% 1.40, 4.18; 0.001) more likely have fatal prognosis. Conversely, risk lower lymphocytes 0.47;95% 0.30, 0.72; 0.001). CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 such as BUN, creatinine, glucose, osmolarity, could help physicians identify individuals who require closer monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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Disruption to diabetes and hypertension care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean and mitigation approaches: a scoping review

BMC Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Май 8, 2025

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted care for non-communicable diseases globally. This study synthesizes evidence on disruptions to primary care, focusing hypertension and diabetes mitigation approaches taken during the in Latin America Caribbean (LAC). Methods We conducted a scoping review, searching nine electronic databases studies from January 2020 December 2022 COVID-19-related interventions, including hospital-based interventions given their relevance response LAC. adapted Primary Health Care Performance Initiative framework develop our search strategy synthesize data. For reporting we included outside of Results Of 33,510 references screened, 388 were (259 reported LAC, 61 63 five countries within LAC), with three-quarters presenting data Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Peru; few focused rural areas. Additionally, that adequately quantified reduction control (e.g., rate decreased 68 55% Mexico). Frequently causes disruption burnout mental health challenges among healthcare workers (with disproportionate effects by type worker), reduced medication supplies, frequency clinic visits patients due financial constraints). most remote strategies smartphone applications, virtual meeting platforms) programs workers. Remote deemed feasible delivery, triaging, clinical support non-physicians. Patients generally satisfied telemedicine, whereas providers had mixed perceptions. Robust effectiveness was unavailable Conclusion Hypertension appeared worsen LAC pandemic. Major workforce issues, supply, changes patient perceptions seeking receiving healthcare. various purposes well received patients. However, lack intervention underscores importance strengthening research capacity generate robust future pandemics. Developing resilient systems able provide pandemics will depend investment workforce, medical supply chain, infrastructure, technology readiness.

Язык: Английский

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Strategies and challenges for maintaining the continuity of essential health services during a pandemic: a scoping review

BMC Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on health systems worldwide, resulting in disruptions to essential service delivery, such as routine immunizations, maternal and child health, treatment for communicable noncommunicable diseases. These services have been disrupted due the diversion of resources towards COVID-19 response. Therefore, objective this scoping review was identify strategies challenges associated with maintaining continuity during pandemic. This study conducted 2023 using proposed Arksey O'Malley framework. We searches PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web Science relevant keywords. Additionally, we searched Google Scholar, hand-searched reference lists included studies, reviewed organizational reports, websites, other sources information. Content analysis employed summarize themes from selected articles. Our search major databases yielded 3,732 results. After screening process, 47 articles were review. extracted interventions classified into six groups based building blocks World Health Organization system: leadership governance, access medicines, financing, workforce, information systems. implementation effective can help ensure provision include leveraging technology remote care, ensuring safety healthcare workers patients, strengthening supply chains, establishing flexible adaptive

Язык: Английский

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Percepción de afroperuanos sobre la atención primaria de salud en el primer nivel de atención

ACTA MEDICA PERUANA, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 41(2), С. 112 - 121

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024

Objetivo: describir la percepción del cumplimiento de los atributos atención primaria salud en población afroperuana durante pandemia COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional transversal, realizado seis ciudades Perú, incluyendo a adultos afroperuanos, seleccionados con muestreo intencional. Se aplicó una encuesta línea utilizando el Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT), armonizada para contexto iberoamericano, cual evalúa como accesibilidad servicios, continuidad atención, participación comunitaria e idoneidad cultural, evaluándose análisis descriptivo. Además, se exploraron factores relacionados características sociodemográficas clínicas empleando pruebas hipótesis. Resultados: mayoría entrevistados percibió un menor (94,8%). En particular, orientación fueron áreas problemáticas, 92,3 92,1%, respectivamente. No encontró correlación significativa entre sociodemográficos clínicos excepción antecedente tener COVID-19, quienes perciben salud. La fiabilidad global PCAT fue 0,93 alfa Cronbach. Conclusiones: existe generalmente baja servicios afroperuana. requieren investigaciones futuras explorar las causas subyacentes estas percepciones deben hacer esfuerzos mejorar que insuficientes, especialmente atención.

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