International Journal for Equity in Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024
Latin
America
and
the
Caribbean
(LAC)
is
among
most
unequal
regions
in
world
terms
of
wealth
household
income.
Such
inequalities
have
been
shown
to
influence
different
outcomes
during
COVID-19
pandemic,
including
disruption
routine
health
services.
The
aim
this
paper
examine
socioeconomic
experiences
healthcare
LAC
countries
from
mid-2020
late
2021.
We
used
household-level
data
High
Frequency
Phone
Surveys
(HFPS),
conducted
14
one
round
2020
24
two
rounds
Ordinary
least
square
Logit
multivariate
regressions
were
correlation
between
reported
disruptions
with
characteristics
for
Since
income
levels
not
directly
collected
HPFS,
we
created
an
index
inequality
estimated
relative
inequality.
When
analyzing
2020–2021
together,
lower
if
respondent
was
employed
or
did
report
lack
food
last
month;
had
more
people
aged
65
older
rooms
sleep
in.
analyzed
separately
2021,
having
experiencing
insecurity
remained
stable
factors
odds
both
years.
In
addition,
being
associated
2020,
while
male
Regarding
differences
2021
(it
possible
compute
it
2020),
households
lowest
27.3%
likely
a
care
than
highest
wealth.
status
relevant
factor
explaining
COVID19
clear
social
gradient
where
wealthier
household,
less
experience
care.
Food
security,
employment,
gender
policies
should
be
integral
preparing
responding
future
shocks
such
as
pandemics.
Prioritizing
affected
populations,
like
elderly
COVID-19,
can
enhance
system
effectiveness.
American Journal of Human Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
37(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Objectives
This
cross‐sectional
study
presents
socioecological,
epidemiological
aspects,
and
the
seroprevalence
of
immunoglobulin
G
(IgG)
against
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS‐CoV‐2)
in
a
group
quilombola
(afro‐derived)
communities
states
Pará
Tocantins,
Brazilian
Amazon,
to
evaluate
impact
SARS‐CoV‐2
prevalence
among
them.
Methods
A
total
551
individuals
participated.
The
detection
anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2
antibodies
was
performed
using
an
enzyme
immunoassay.
Socioeconomic
ecological
data
collected
from
all
participants
7
years
age
or
older
who
were
not
previously
vaccinated.
Results
both
40.7%
associated
with
factors
such
as
group,
contact
infected
individuals,
being
lockdown
inside
quilombos
.
In
Pará,
statistically
significant
association
observed
between
females,
12–18
years.
addition,
higher
than
reported
use
masks
protective
factor,
while
presence
antibodies.
There
no
COVID‐19
symptoms
Pará.
However,
diarrhea
loss
taste
infection.
Conclusions
Quilombola
are
highly
vulnerable
groups
due
long
history
enslavement
Brazil.
is
first
investigation
its
these
Amazon.
helps
us
understand
relationship
socioecological
differences,
behavioral
characteristics,
dynamics
viral
transmission
risk
infection
by
traditional
populations,
can
be
useful
planning
more
culturally
adequate
public
health
policies
for
future
epidemics.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
19(9), С. 4973 - 4973
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022
This
commentary
aims
to
provide
a
multidisciplinary
framework
on
intimate
partner
violence
(IPV)
during
the
COVID-19
pandemic
(with
specific
focus
most
predominant
form
of
gender-based
violence,
i.e.,
male
towards
women),
commenting
multiple
negative
consequences
gender
and
providing
elements
effective
practice.
We
searched
literature
for
reports/studies
issue
IPV
pandemic,
focusing
health,
psychological,
forensic,
legal
aspects.
The
combined
effects
lockdowns,
isolation
at
home
with
abusive
partners,
quarantine,
economic
worries/loss
job
could
significantly
facilitate
against
women
and,
same
time,
diminish
women’s
chances
seek
help,
strong
impact
their
life.
continued
offer
clinical,
services
survivors
despite
modifications
provision
these
due
new
needs
related
appears
utmost
importance.
All
actions
support
are
expected
be
multidisciplinary,
including
involvement
social
and/or
health
systems,
woman-centred.
Implementing
measures
in
era
challenging
but
is
primary
Implementation Science Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Март 15, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
COVID-19
pandemic
necessitated
rapid
changes
in
healthcare
delivery
Guatemala’s
public
primary
care
settings.
A
new
hypertension
program,
implemented
as
part
of
a
type
2
hybrid
trial
since
2019,
exemplifies
an
implementation
effort
amidst
changing
context
under-resourced
setting.
We
assessed
the
evidence-based
intervention
(EBI;
protocol-based
treatment)
and
one
its
main
strategies
(team-based
collaborative
care),
raising
implications
for
health
equity
sustainability.
present
innovative
application
systems
thinking
visuals.
Methods
Conducting
convergent
mixed
methods
analysis,
we
response
to
contextual
across
five
Ministry
Health
(MoH)
districts
at
pandemic’s
onset.
Utilizing
quantitative
programmatic
data
qualitative
interviews
with
stakeholders
(
n
=18;
providers,
administrators,
study
staff),
evaluated
dimensions
“Reach,
Effectiveness,
Adoption,
Implementation
Maintenance,”
RE-AIM
(Reach,
+
adaptations),
“Practical
Robust
Sustainability
Model,”
PRISM
(Organizational
perspective
on
EBI,
Fit,
sustainability
infrastructure)
frameworks.
representativeness
by
comparing
participants
census
data.
To
assess
delivery,
built
behavior-over-time
(BOT)
graphs
(July
2019–July
2021).
adaptations
changes,
performed
matrix-based
thematic
analysis.
converged
joint
displays.
Finally,
analyzed
results
RE-AIM/PRISM
identify
considerations.
Results
Contextual
factors
that
facilitated
program
included
perception
EBI
was
beneficial,
champions,
staff
communication.
Key
barriers
competition
other
activities
limited
infrastructure
(e.g.,
equipment,
medications).
related
hindered
threatened
sustainability,
may
have
exacerbated
inequities.
However,
were
planned
enhanced
supported
improved
Conclusions
Recognition
EBI’s
benefits
champions
are
important
supporting
initial
uptake.
ability
plan
amid
has
potential
advantages
equitable
delivery.
Systems
tools
approaches
shed
light
relations
between
context,
adaptations,
sustainable
implementation.
Trial
registration
NCT03504124
BMJ Open,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1), С. e074443 - e074443
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic
significantly
disrupted
primary
healthcare
globally,
with
particular
impacts
on
diabetes
and
hypertension
care.
This
review
will
examine
the
impact
of
disruptions
care
services
evidence
for
interventions
to
mitigate
or
reverse
in
Latin
America
Caribbean
(LAC)
region.
scoping
delivery
disruption
approaches
recovery
LAC
region
during
pandemic,
focusing
awareness,
detection,
treatment
control.
Guided
by
Arksey
O'Malley's
methodology
framework,
this
protocol
adheres
Joanna
Briggs
Institute
guidelines
protocols
Preferred
Reporting
Items
Systematic
Reviews
Meta-Analyses
guidance
development
reviews.
We
searched
MEDLINE,
CINAHL,
Global
Health,
Embase,
Cochrane,
Scopus,
Web
Science
LILACS
peer-reviewed
literature
published
from
2020
12
December
2022
English,
Spanish
Portuguese.
Studies
be
considered
eligible
if
reporting
data
within
LAC,
implemented
globally.
acute
excluded.
Two
reviewers
independently
screen
each
title/abstract
eligibility,
full
texts
titles/abstracts
deemed
relevant
extract
full-text
publications.
Conflicts
resolved
through
discussion
help
a
third
reviewer.
Appropriate
analytical
techniques
employed
synthesise
data,
example,
frequency
counts
descriptive
statistics.
Quality
assessed
using
Newcastle
Ottawa
Assessment
Scale.
No
ethics
approval
was
needed
as
is
literature.
Results
disseminated
report
World
Bank
Pan
American
Health
Organization,
scientific
journals,
at
national
international
conferences.
Journal of Education and Health Promotion,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
BACKGROUND:
The
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
has
resulted
in
high
mortality
among
hospitalized
patients;
thus,
identifying
markers
treating
these
patients
is
essential.
To
evaluate
the
association
between
viral
load
and
serum
biomarkers
with
COVID-19.
MATERIALS
AND
METHODS:
A
retrospective
cohort
study
was
conducted
198
inpatient
records
from
a
tertiary
hospital
Mexico
City
January
April
2021.
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
death
due
to
COVID-19
assessed
using
Cox
regression
models.
RESULTS:
median
age
54.9
years,
61.6%
were
males.
rate
43.4%.
After
adjusting
for
potential
confounders,
higher
[adjusted
hazard
ratio
(aHR)
=
1.56;
95%
confidence
interval
(95%
CI)
1.01,
2.42;
P
value
0.041];
concentrations
of
BUN
(aHR
4.87;95%
CI
2.70,
8.79;
0.001),
creatinine
1.60;95%
2.54;
0.043),
osmolality
4.37;95%
2.34,
8.14;
glucose
2.41;95%
1.40,
4.18;
0.001)
more
likely
have
fatal
prognosis.
Conversely,
risk
lower
lymphocytes
0.47;95%
0.30,
0.72;
0.001).
CONCLUSION:
SARS-CoV-2
such
as
BUN,
creatinine,
glucose,
osmolarity,
could
help
physicians
identify
individuals
who
require
closer
monitoring.
BMC Health Services Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Май 8, 2025
Abstract
Background
The
COVID-19
pandemic
disrupted
care
for
non-communicable
diseases
globally.
This
study
synthesizes
evidence
on
disruptions
to
primary
care,
focusing
hypertension
and
diabetes
mitigation
approaches
taken
during
the
in
Latin
America
Caribbean
(LAC).
Methods
We
conducted
a
scoping
review,
searching
nine
electronic
databases
studies
from
January
2020
December
2022
COVID-19-related
interventions,
including
hospital-based
interventions
given
their
relevance
response
LAC.
adapted
Primary
Health
Care
Performance
Initiative
framework
develop
our
search
strategy
synthesize
data.
For
reporting
we
included
outside
of
Results
Of
33,510
references
screened,
388
were
(259
reported
LAC,
61
63
five
countries
within
LAC),
with
three-quarters
presenting
data
Brazil,
Argentina,
Mexico,
Peru;
few
focused
rural
areas.
Additionally,
that
adequately
quantified
reduction
control
(e.g.,
rate
decreased
68
55%
Mexico).
Frequently
causes
disruption
burnout
mental
health
challenges
among
healthcare
workers
(with
disproportionate
effects
by
type
worker),
reduced
medication
supplies,
frequency
clinic
visits
patients
due
financial
constraints).
most
remote
strategies
smartphone
applications,
virtual
meeting
platforms)
programs
workers.
Remote
deemed
feasible
delivery,
triaging,
clinical
support
non-physicians.
Patients
generally
satisfied
telemedicine,
whereas
providers
had
mixed
perceptions.
Robust
effectiveness
was
unavailable
Conclusion
Hypertension
appeared
worsen
LAC
pandemic.
Major
workforce
issues,
supply,
changes
patient
perceptions
seeking
receiving
healthcare.
various
purposes
well
received
patients.
However,
lack
intervention
underscores
importance
strengthening
research
capacity
generate
robust
future
pandemics.
Developing
resilient
systems
able
provide
pandemics
will
depend
investment
workforce,
medical
supply
chain,
infrastructure,
technology
readiness.
BMC Health Services Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Май 14, 2025
The
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
has
had
a
significant
impact
on
health
systems
worldwide,
resulting
in
disruptions
to
essential
service
delivery,
such
as
routine
immunizations,
maternal
and
child
health,
treatment
for
communicable
noncommunicable
diseases.
These
services
have
been
disrupted
due
the
diversion
of
resources
towards
COVID-19
response.
Therefore,
objective
this
scoping
review
was
identify
strategies
challenges
associated
with
maintaining
continuity
during
pandemic.
This
study
conducted
2023
using
proposed
Arksey
O'Malley
framework.
We
searches
PubMed,
Scopus,
ProQuest,
Web
Science
relevant
keywords.
Additionally,
we
searched
Google
Scholar,
hand-searched
reference
lists
included
studies,
reviewed
organizational
reports,
websites,
other
sources
information.
Content
analysis
employed
summarize
themes
from
selected
articles.
Our
search
major
databases
yielded
3,732
results.
After
screening
process,
47
articles
were
review.
extracted
interventions
classified
into
six
groups
based
building
blocks
World
Health
Organization
system:
leadership
governance,
access
medicines,
financing,
workforce,
information
systems.
implementation
effective
can
help
ensure
provision
include
leveraging
technology
remote
care,
ensuring
safety
healthcare
workers
patients,
strengthening
supply
chains,
establishing
flexible
adaptive
ACTA MEDICA PERUANA,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
41(2), С. 112 - 121
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024
Objetivo:
describir
la
percepción
del
cumplimiento
de
los
atributos
atención
primaria
salud
en
población
afroperuana
durante
pandemia
COVID-19.
Materiales
y
métodos:
estudio
observacional
transversal,
realizado
seis
ciudades
Perú,
incluyendo
a
adultos
afroperuanos,
seleccionados
con
muestreo
intencional.
Se
aplicó
una
encuesta
línea
utilizando
el
Primary
Care
Assessment
Tool
(PCAT),
armonizada
para
contexto
iberoamericano,
cual
evalúa
como
accesibilidad
servicios,
continuidad
atención,
participación
comunitaria
e
idoneidad
cultural,
evaluándose
análisis
descriptivo.
Además,
se
exploraron
factores
relacionados
características
sociodemográficas
clínicas
empleando
pruebas
hipótesis.
Resultados:
mayoría
entrevistados
percibió
un
menor
(94,8%).
En
particular,
orientación
fueron
áreas
problemáticas,
92,3
92,1%,
respectivamente.
No
encontró
correlación
significativa
entre
sociodemográficos
clínicos
excepción
antecedente
tener
COVID-19,
quienes
perciben
salud.
La
fiabilidad
global
PCAT
fue
0,93
alfa
Cronbach.
Conclusiones:
existe
generalmente
baja
servicios
afroperuana.
requieren
investigaciones
futuras
explorar
las
causas
subyacentes
estas
percepciones
deben
hacer
esfuerzos
mejorar
que
insuficientes,
especialmente
atención.