A review of recently introduced Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and other Eurotiales species

Studies in Mycology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 107(1), С. 1 - 66

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024

The order Eurotiales is diverse and includes species that impact our daily lives in many ways. In the past, its taxonomy was difficult due to morphological similarities, which made accurate identification of difficult. This situation improved stabilised with recent taxonomic nomenclatural revisions modernised Aspergillus , Penicillium Talaromyces . mainly availability curated accepted lists publication comprehensive DNA sequence reference datasets. has also led a sharp increase number new described each year turn needing regular updates. focus this study review 160 between last list published 2020 until 31 December 2022. To these species, single-gene phylogenies were constructed GCPSR (Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition) applied. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses performed further determine relationships newly introduced species. As result, we 133 (37 two Paecilomyces 59 Rasamsonia 32 one Xerochrysium ), synonymised 22, classified four as doubtful created combination for Paraxerochrysium coryli brings 453 12 535 14 fr 203 We accept section Tenues (in series Hainanici sect. Cavernicolarum ) Vascosobrinhoana Citrina ). addition, validate invalidly annui A. saccharicola Annuorum Flavi introduce Dichlaena lentisci (type genus) place it subgenus Circumdati provide an updated description oblata excluded recently previously accepted. represents important update

Язык: Английский

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A conceptual framework for nomenclatural stability and validity of medically important fungi: a proposed global consensus guideline for fungal name changes supported by ABP, ASM, CLSI, ECMM, ESCMID-EFISG, EUCAST-AFST, FDLC, IDSA, ISHAM, MMSA, and MSGERC

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023

The rapid pace of name changes medically important fungi is creating challenges for clinical laboratories and clinicians involved in patient care. We describe two sources change which have different drivers, at the species versus genus level. Some suggestions are made here to reduce number changes. urge taxonomists provide diagnostic markers taxonomic novelties. Given instability phylogenetic trees due variable taxon sampling, we advocate maintain genera largest possible size. Reporting identified complexes or series should where comprise both overarching that molecular sibling, often cryptic species. Because use names same will be unavoidable many years come, an open access online database all fungi, with proper nomenclatural designation synonymy, essential. further recommend while discovery continues, adaptation new by reviewed routinely a standing committee validation stability over time, reference database, wherein reasons listed transparent way.

Язык: Английский

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Defining the relationship between phylogeny, clinical manifestation, and phenotype for Trichophyton mentagrophytes/interdigitale complex; a literature review and taxonomic recommendations

Medical Mycology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

This study looked for correlations between molecular identification, clinical manifestation, and morphology Trichophyton interdigitale mentagrophytes. For this purpose, a total of 110 isolates were obtained from Czech patients with various manifestations dermatophytosis. Phenotypic characters analyzed, the strains characterized using multilocus sequence typing. Among 12 measured/scored phenotypic features, statistically significant differences found only in growth rates at 37 °C production spiral hyphae, but none these features is diagnostic. Correlations T. higher age such as tinea pedis or onychomychosis. The MLST approach showed that internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotyping mentagrophytes has limited practical benefits because extensive gene flow sublineages. Based on our results previous studies, there are few taxonomic arguments preserving both species names. show lack monophyly unique morphology. On other hand, some genotypes associated predominant sources infections, which keep those names alive. practice questionable use confuses leading to difficulty comparing epidemiological studies. current identification method ITS ambiguous not user-friendly. Additionally, tools matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry fail distinguish species. To avoid further confusion simplify practice, we recommend name entire complex. When clear differentiation populations corresponding indotineae possible based data, optionally variety rank: var. indotineae.

Язык: Английский

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Phylogenomics reveals extensive misidentification of fungal strains from the genus Aspergillus

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Modern taxonomic classification is often based on phylogenetic analyses of a few molecular markers, although single-gene studies are still common. Here, we leverage genome-scale phylogenetics (phylogenomics) species and populations to reconstruct evolutionary relationships in dense data set 710 fungal genomes from the biomedically technologically important genus Aspergillus. To do so, generated novel 1,362 high-quality markers specific for Aspergillus provided profile Hidden Markov Models each, facilitating their use by others. Examining resulting phylogeny helped resolve ongoing controversies, identified new ones, revealed extensive strain misidentification (7.59% strains were previously misidentified), underscoring importance population-level sampling classification. These findings corroborated using current standard, taxonomically informative loci. suggest that phylogenomics can facilitate accurate classifications reconstructions Tree Life.IMPORTANCEIdentification relies markers. Advances genomic technologies have made it possible sequence genome any strain, making assignment (and discovery ones). We examined usefulness limitations large publicly available multiple biomedically, agriculturally, industrially Our nearly 8% misidentified. work highlights systematic biology suggests sequencing strains, including reference (e.g., type strains), will be required reduce errors public databases.

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to resistant fungi across working environments and time

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 923, С. 171189 - 171189

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

Antifungal resistance has emerged as a significant health concern, with increasing reports of resistant variants in previously susceptible species. At present, little is known about occupational exposure to antifungal-resistant fungi. This study aimed investigate Danish workers' airborne fungi first-line treatment drugs. A retrospective was performed on unique collection personal samples gathered over twenty-year period from working environments, sectors including agriculture, animal handling, waste management, and healthcare. total 692 were cultivated at 37 °C fungal colonies identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Subsequently, identification confirmed by amplicon sequencing the genes calmodulin beta-tubulin unveil potential cryptic Infectious (495 isolates 23 species) tested for against Itraconazole, Voriconazole, Posaconazole, Amphotericin B. Working environments highly variable overall exposure, showed vastly different species compositions. Resistance found 30 Aspergillus fumigatus (4 251 isolates), A. nidulans (2 13), niger complex (19 131), versicolor (3 18), lentulus 2). Sequence analysis revealed several within tubingensis, luchuensis, phoenicis. Among isolates, two contained well-described TR34/L98H mutation cyp51A gene promoter region, while remainder harbored silent mutations. The results indicate that environment significantly contributes fungi, particularly biofuel plant workers experiencing high exposure. Differences prevalence across may be linked underlying composition.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in fungal taxonomy: mycological rationale and clinical implications

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(4)

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2023

Numerous fungal species of medical importance have been recently subjected to and will likely continue undergo nomenclatural changes as a result the application molecular approaches classification together with abandonment dual nomenclature. Here, we summarize those affecting key groups fungi importance, explaining mycological (taxonomic) rationale that underpinned clinical relevance/importance (where such exists) revisions. Potential mechanisms mitigate unnecessary taxonomic instability are suggested, raise awareness important minimize potential confusion.

Язык: Английский

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What do We Know about Cryptic Aspergillosis?

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(5), С. 886 - 886

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2024

Cryptic Aspergillus species are increasingly recognized as pathogens involved in human disease. They ubiquitarian fungi with high tenacity their environment and can express various resistance mechanisms, often due to exposure antifungal agents employed agriculture farming. The identification of such is increasing thanks molecular techniques, a better description this type pathogen granted. Nevertheless, the number importance clinical setting still need be well studied. Furthermore, cross-sectional involvement animal disease, plants, activities requires multidisciplinary approach involving experts from fields. This comprehensive review aims provide sharp vision cryptic species, correct management infections caused by these pathogens. also accentuates One Health for kind microorganism, given interconnection between environmental aspergillosis, embracing transversely process managing species. paper advocates improving knowledge little-known burden economic health implications related diffusion bugs.

Язык: Английский

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Identification of Food Spoilage Fungi Using MALDI-TOF MS: Spectral Database Development and Application to Species Complex

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(7), С. 456 - 456

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

Fungi, including filamentous fungi and yeasts, are major contributors to global food losses waste due their ability colonize a very large diversity of raw materials processed foods throughout the chain. In addition, numerous fungal species mycotoxin producers can also be responsible for opportunistic infections. recent years, MALDI-TOF MS has emerged as valuable, rapid reliable asset identification in order ensure safety quality. this context, study aimed at expanding VITEK

Язык: Английский

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Monitoring fungi and mycotoxin potential in pistachio nuts of Turkish origin: A snap-shot for climate change scenario

Fungal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 128(8), С. 2431 - 2438

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is an economically important tree nut. Due to its nutritional properties and health benefits, it considered a healthy food thus widely consumed worldwide. However, fungal contamination of the commodities has received considerable attention because possible by toxigenic fungi, source mycotoxins, resulting from secondary metabolism hazards consumer. Members genus Aspergillus, mainly Aspergillus flavus niger, are reported as occurring most frequently on pistachio nuts, able grow in presence low amounts water produce mycotoxins (aflatoxins ochratoxins), that well known for their harmful effects humans. Monitoring contaminating species particularly worthy note also climate change scenario, allowing notice changes population composition through time. This study aimed contribute collect data about occurred samples collected Turkey: prevalence 2 species, A. tubingensis, was assessed. The strains consisted mixed aflatoxin producers non-producing vitro, with evidence new genotype gene cluster within chemotype.

Язык: Английский

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Mycotoxigenic fungi, OTA and fumonisin B2 production by Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from wine grapes and natural occurrence of OTA in wines of Northern Argentinean Patagonia

International Journal of Food Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 433, С. 111135 - 111135

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Язык: Английский

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