The Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila: A Sentinel for Gut Permeability and Its Relevance to HIV-Related Inflammation

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2020

Gut dysbiosis, namely dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota, and increased gut permeability lead to enhanced inflammation are commonly seen in chronic conditions such as obesity aging. In people living with HIV (PLWH), several lines evidence suggest that a depletion CD4 T-cells is associated microbial translocation systemic inflammation. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) rapidly controls viral replication, which leads T-cell recovery control disease. However, epithelial damage persist despite ART, increasing risk developing inflammatory non-AIDS comorbidities cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, liver steatosis cancer. addition an emerging research priority discover strategies improve composition barrier function. Probiotic interventions have been extensively used controversial benefits humans. Encouragingly, within last decade, symbiotic bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila has emerged "sentinel gut." A lower abundance A. shown diabetic obese well PLWH. Interventions high levels polyphenols tea or diets rich fruit, antibiotic vancomycin antidiabetic drug metformin increase abundance, contributing improved metabolic function individuals. We hypothesize microbiota can reduce inflammation, preventing occurrences To this aim, we will discuss protective effect its potential applications, paving way toward novel therapeutic health

Язык: Английский

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Improvement of Lipoprotein Profile and Metabolic Endotoxemia by a Lifestyle Intervention That Modifies the Gut Microbiota in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome

Journal of the American Heart Association, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8(17)

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2019

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious health problem over the world; thus, aim of present work was to develop lifestyle intervention decrease dysbiosis gut microbiota and reduce biochemical abnormalities MetS. Methods Results The prevalence MetS evaluated in 1065 subjects Mexico City, Mexico, subsample. Subjects with were selected for pragmatic study based on low‐saturated‐fat diet, reduced‐energy intake, functional foods physical activity, second group randomized control‐placebo assess after dietary intervention. Prevalence 53%, higher body mass index, dysbiosis. Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance, lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. revealed that 15 days there 24% reduction serum triglycerides; 75‐day intervention, reduced by 44.8%, low‐density cholesterol, small particles, glucose intolerance, lipopolysaccharide, branched‐chain amino acid. showed associated Prevotella/ Bacteroides ratio an increase abundance Akkermansia muciniphila Faecalibacterium prausnitzii . Conclusions A significantly decreased components, particle concentration, dysbiosis, metabolic endotoxemia, reducing risk atherosclerosis. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT03611140.

Язык: Английский

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The role of Akkermansia muciniphila in obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 70(10)

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2021

Alteration in the composition of gut microbiota can lead to a number chronic clinical diseases. Akkermansia muciniphila is an anaerobic bacteria constituting 3–5% microbial community healthy adults. This bacterium responsible for degenerating mucin gut; its scarcity leads diverse disorders. In this review, we focus on role A. diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis, as well use next-generation probiotic. regard human animal trials have shown that controls essential regulatory system glucose energy metabolism. However, underlying mechanisms by which alleviates complications obesity, diabetes atherosclerosis are unclear. At same time, abundance suggests improved metabolic disorders, such endotoxemia, adiposity insulin resistance tolerance. The implicated declining aortic lesions atherosclerosis. Well-characterized virulence factors, antigens cell wall extracts may act effector molecules these These provide novel strategies could be used probiotic treatment

Язык: Английский

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Is It Time to Use Probiotics to Prevent or Treat Obesity?

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10(11), С. 1613 - 1613

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2018

In recent years, attention has been given to the role potentially played by gut microbiota in development of obesity. Several studies have shown that individuals with obesity, composition can be significantly different from lean individuals, faecal bacteria exert a fundamental modulating energy metabolism, and modifications associated increases or reductions body weight mass index. Based on this evidence, manipulation probiotics considered possible method prevent treat However, despite great amount data, use obesity related problems remains debated. Studies found probiotic effect metabolism is strain specific only some species included Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium genera are effective, whereas other strains deleterious. dosage, duration administration, long-term effects administration overweight not known. Further needed before rationally prescribed for prevention treatment Control diet environmental life-style factors favour remain best solution gain.

Язык: Английский

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Prevotella histicola Protects From Arthritis by Expansion of Allobaculum and Augmenting Butyrate Production in Humanized Mice

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Май 4, 2021

Bacterial therapeutics are the emergent alternatives in treating autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA]. P. histicola MCI 001 is one therapeutic bacterium that has been proven to treat RA and multiple sclerosis [MS] animal models. The present study characterized isolated from a human duodenal biopsy, evaluated its impact on gut microbial metabolic profile longitudinal using collagen-induced arthritis model HLA-DQ8.AEo transgenic mice. though closely related type strain of , DSM 19854, differed utilizing glycerol. In culture, produced vitamins biotin folate, was involved digesting complex carbohydrates production acetate. Colonization showed duodenum predominant niche for gavaged 001. A follow-up arthritic mice treated with suggested dysbiosis caused due partially restored naïve after treatment. taxon-level analysis an expansion intestinal genus Allobaculum MCI001 Eubiosis achieved post treatment also reflected increased short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs]. Present suggests leads by increasing availability simple Restoration metabolites like butyrate induce immune homeostasis.

Язык: Английский

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