High number of HPAI H5 virus infections and antibodies in wild carnivores in the Netherlands, 2020–2022 DOI Creative Commons

Irina Chestakova,

Anne van der Linden,

Beatriz Bellido Martin

и другие.

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2)

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2023

In October 2020, a new lineage of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI virus the H5 subtype emerged in Europe, resulting largest global outbreak to date, with unprecedented mortality wild birds and poultry. The appears have become enzootic birds, continuously yielding novel variants. recently increased abundance infected worldwide increases probability bird-mammal contact, particularly carnivores. Here, we performed molecular serological screening over 500 dead carnivores sequencing RNA positive materials. We show virological evidence for infection 0.8%, 1.4%, 9.9% animals tested 2021, 2022 respectively, highest proportion positives foxes, polecats stone martens. obtained near full genomes 7 viruses detected PB2 amino acid substitutions known play role mammalian adaptation three sequences. Infections were also found without neurological signs or mortality. Serological was 20% study population. These findings suggests that high is but undetected current surveillance programmes. recommend susceptible mammals, irrespective encephalitis.

Язык: Английский

Evaluation of humoral immune response and milk antibody transfer in calves and lactating cows vaccinated with inactivated H5 avian influenza vaccine DOI Creative Commons
Mohamed Samy Abousenna, Nermeen G. Shafik, Mahmoud M. Abotaleb

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

The detection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) in dairy cattle the United States has raised concerns about human exposure. This study evaluated efficacy various doses an inactivated H5 AI vaccine and assessed antibody transfer milk against a recent bovine isolate HPAI A(H5N1, clade 2.3.4.4b). Calves were inoculated with different doses, while lactating cows received four weeks later. humoral immune response was measured using Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test ELISA. Results showed dose-dependent response, higher producing stronger more sustained levels. Group 1 maintained stable HI titer 6 log2, Groups 2, 3, 4 peaked at 8, 9, 9 respectively, by fourth week post-vaccination. Milk observed, strong positive responses samples second ID Screen ELISA demonstrated sensitivity for detecting antibodies compared to serum. differed from other vaccines used such as Foot Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Lumpy Skin (LSDV), indicating need optimizing dosage formulation, including adjuvant antigen content. Future research should extend monitoring period, increase sample sizes, explore formulations develop effective vaccination strategies cattle. These findings highlight potential enhance protection facilitate through milk.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
A brief history of human infections with H5Ny avian influenza viruses DOI
Liang Wang, Yan Wu

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 33(2), С. 176 - 181

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Effect of Prior Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection on Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Ferret Model DOI
Xiangjie Sun, Jessica A. Belser, Zhu‐Nan Li

и другие.

Emerging infectious diseases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Reports of human infections with influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses associated outbreaks in dairy cows the United States underscore need to assess potential cross-protection conferred by existing immunity. We serologically evaluated ferrets previously infected an A(H1N1)pdm09 virus for cross-reactive antibodies and then challenged 3 months later either highly pathogenic H5N1 or low pathogenicity H7N9 virus. Our results showed that prior infection more effectively reduced replication transmission than did virus, a finding supported presence group 1 hemagglutinin stalk N1 neuraminidase preimmune ferrets. findings suggest may confer some level protection against 2.3.4.4.b

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Emergence and interstate spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in dairy cattle in the United States DOI
Thao-Quyen Nguyen, Carl R. Hutter, Alexey Markin

и другие.

Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 388(6745)

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses cross species barriers and have the potential to cause pandemics. In North America, HPAI A(H5N1) related goose/Guangdong 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin phylogenetic clade infected wild birds, poultry, mammals. Our genomic analysis epidemiological investigation showed that a reassortment event in bird populations preceded single bird–to-cattle transmission episode. The movement of asymptomatic or presymptomatic cattle has likely played role spread within United States dairy herd. Some molecular markers may lead changes efficiency phenotype were detected at low frequencies. Continued H5N1 increases risk for infection subsequent virus human populations.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
High number of HPAI H5 virus infections and antibodies in wild carnivores in the Netherlands, 2020–2022 DOI Creative Commons

Irina Chestakova,

Anne van der Linden,

Beatriz Bellido Martin

и другие.

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2)

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2023

In October 2020, a new lineage of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI virus the H5 subtype emerged in Europe, resulting largest global outbreak to date, with unprecedented mortality wild birds and poultry. The appears have become enzootic birds, continuously yielding novel variants. recently increased abundance infected worldwide increases probability bird-mammal contact, particularly carnivores. Here, we performed molecular serological screening over 500 dead carnivores sequencing RNA positive materials. We show virological evidence for infection 0.8%, 1.4%, 9.9% animals tested 2021, 2022 respectively, highest proportion positives foxes, polecats stone martens. obtained near full genomes 7 viruses detected PB2 amino acid substitutions known play role mammalian adaptation three sequences. Infections were also found without neurological signs or mortality. Serological was 20% study population. These findings suggests that high is but undetected current surveillance programmes. recommend susceptible mammals, irrespective encephalitis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21