Development of antibody‐drug conjugates in cancer: Overview and prospects

Cancer Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 44(1), С. 3 - 22

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2023

Abstract In recent years, remarkable breakthroughs have been reported on antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs), with 15 ADCs successfully entering the market over past decade. This substantial development has positioned as one of fastest‐growing domains in realm anticancer drugs, demonstrating their efficacy treating a wide array malignancies. Nonetheless, there is still an unmet clinical need for wider application, better efficacy, and fewer side effects ADCs. An ADC generally comprises antibody, linker payload, combination profound drug structure, pharmacokinetic profile efficacy. Hence, optimization key components provides opportunity to develop higher potency effects. this review, we comprehensively reviewed current prospects ADC, provided analysis marketed ongoing pipelines globally well China, highlighted several platforms technologies specific different pharmaceutical enterprises biotech companies, also discussed new related technologies, possibility next‐generation directions research.

Язык: Английский

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Treatment strategies and drug resistance mechanisms in adenocarcinoma of different organs

Drug Resistance Updates, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71, С. 101002 - 101002

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

Adenocarcinoma is a common type of malignant tumor, originating from glandular epithelial cells in various organs, such as pancreas, breast, lung, stomach, colon, rectus, and prostate. For patients who lose the opportunity for radical surgery, medication available to provide potential clinical benefits. However, drug resistance big obstacle obtain desired prognosis. In this review, we summary treatment strategies mechanisms adenocarcinoma different including pancreatic cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal lung prostate cancer. Although underlying molecular involved vary one organ other, there are several targets that universal targeting these molecules could potentially reverse adenocarcinomas.

Язык: Английский

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Pan-cancer analysis of RNA 5-methylcytosine reader (ALYREF)

Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 32(3), С. 503 - 515

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The increasing interest in RNA modifications has significantly advanced epigenomic and epitranscriptomic technologies. This study focuses on the immuno-oncological impact of ALYREF human cancer through a pan-cancer analysis, enhancing understanding this gene's role cancer. We observed differential expression between tumor normal samples, correlating strongly with prognosis various cancers, particularly kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) liver hepatocellular (LIHC). showed negative correlation most tumor-infiltrating cells lung squamous (LUSC) lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC), while positive correlations were noted LIHC, chromophobe (KICH), mesothelioma (MESO), KIRP, pheochromocytoma paraganglioma (PARD), glioma (GBMLGG). Additionally, was closely associated heterogeneity, stemness indices, high mutation rate TP53 across these cancers. In conclusion, may serve as an oncogenic biomarker numerous meriting further research attention.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles-based vaccines: Emerging immunotherapies against cancer

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 378, С. 438 - 459

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2024

Cancer vaccines are promising therapeutic approaches to enhance specific T-cell immunity against most solid tumors. By stimulating anti-tumor immunity, clearing minimal residual disease, and minimizing adverse effects, these target tumor cells effective when combined with immune checkpoint blockade or other immunotherapies. However, the development of cell-based faces quality issues due poor immunogenicity, heterogeneity, a suppressive microenvironment, ineffective delivery methods. In contrast, extracellular vesicles (EVs), naturally released by cells, considered ideal drug carriers vaccine platforms. EVs offer highly organ-specific targeting, induce broader more responses, demonstrate superior tissue ability. The EV is crucial for advancing cancer immunotherapy. Compared vaccines, produced under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) advantages such as high safety, ease preservation transport, wide range sources. This review summarizes latest research findings on potential applications in this field. It also highlights novel neoantigens cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Epigenetic modulation of immune cells: Mechanisms and implications

Advances in Biological Regulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 94, С. 101043 - 101043

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The immunopeptidome of colon cancer cells treated with topoisomerase inhibiting drug reveals differential as well as common endogenous protein sampling and display of MHC I-associated peptides

Molecular & Cellular Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Immunotherapy options for microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer are currently very limited. The lack of detectably unique or altered immunogens in the tumor microenvironment may be a factor. Radiation and chemotherapy enhance immunotherapy by increasing cell visibility through Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) expression. To investigate this, we treated MSS microsatellite-instable (MSI) colon cells with topoisomerase inhibitor analyzed MHC I-associated peptides. Treatment increased peptide numbers 5% RKO 83% SW620 cells, 40-50% peptides being exclusive to treatment. Additionally, clustering analysis revealed set uniquely conserved residues displayed only cells. Gene Ontology I-displayed proteins treatment-induced increase extracellular vesicle- nuclear-derived proteins, alongside reduced cytosolic protein sampling. Overall, present evidence treatment-inducible differential display peptides, some which affect interactions functions immune Given multitude factors that modulate effects expression associated further studies needed elucidate pathophysiological implications these changes.

Язык: Английский

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Immune Modulation and Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Mechanisms of Resistance and Potential Therapeutic Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 2923 - 2923

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Understanding the modulation of specific immune cells within tumor microenvironment (TME) offers new hope in cancer treatments, especially immunotherapies. In recent years, and resistance to immunotherapy have become critical challenges treatments. However, novel strategies for emerged as promising approaches oncology due vital roles immunomodulators regulating progression metastasis modulating immunological responses standard care With progress immuno-oncology, a growing number mechanisms are being uncovered, offering potential enhanced clinical near future. Thus, gaining comprehensive understanding broader context is essential. Herein, we particularly summarize paradoxical role tumor-related cells, focusing on how targeted their actions modulated by immunotherapies overcome immunotherapeutic cells. We also highlight molecular employed tumors evade long-term effects agents, rendering them ineffective.

Язык: Английский

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Neoantigen vaccines: advancing personalized cancer immunotherapy

Exploration of Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Neoantigen vaccines are a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy that leverage tumor-specific mutations to elicit targeted immune responses. Although they have considerable potential, development challenges related antigen prediction accuracy, manufacturing complexity, and scalability remain key obstacles their widespread clinical use. This literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases identify relevant studies. Keywords included “neoantigen vaccines,” “personalized immunotherapy,” “tumor heterogeneity,” “bioinformatics pipelines,” “prediction algorithms”. Clinical trial data were sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov, Trialtrove, other publicly available registries. Eligible studies peer-reviewed research articles, systematic reviews, trials focusing on neoantigen vaccine development, bioinformatic strategies, immunotherapy. Tumor heterogeneity clonal evolution significantly impact efficacy, necessitating multi-epitope targeting adaptive design. Current algorithms suffer high false-positive false-negative rates, requiring further integration with multi-omics machine learning enhance accuracy. Manufacturing remains complex, time-intensive, costly, advancements standardization automation. Combination therapies, such as checkpoint inhibitors adoptive cell counteract the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, improving treatment outcomes. hold great potential for personalized therapy but require bioinformatics, scalability, immunomodulatory strategies efficacy. Continued interdisciplinary collaboration essential refining applications.

Язык: Английский

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Neoantigen-based immunotherapy: advancing precision medicine in cancer and glioblastoma treatment through discovery and innovation

Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2025

Neoantigen-based immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach in cancer treatment, offering precision medicine strategies that target tumor-specific antigens derived from genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic alterations unique to cells. These neoantigens serve highly specific targets for personalized therapies, promising more effective tailored treatments. The aim of this article is explore the advances neoantigen-based highlighting successful treatments such vaccines, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, T-cell receptor-engineered T cells therapy (TCR-T), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T), particularly types like glioblastoma (GBM). Advances technologies next-generation sequencing, RNA-based platforms, CRISPR gene editing have accelerated identification validation neoantigens, moving them closer clinical application. Despite results, challenges tumor heterogeneity, immune evasion, resistance mechanisms persist. integration AI-driven tools multi-omic data refined neoantigen discovery, while combination therapies are being developed address issues suppression scalability. Additionally, discusses ongoing development immunotherapies targeting mutations, emphasizing need continued collaboration between computational experimental approaches. Ultimately, cutting-edge research holds potential revolutionize care, hope targeted

Язык: Английский

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Trial watch: anticancer vaccination with dendritic cells

OncoImmunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical players at the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity, making them ideal candidates for anticancer vaccine development. DC-based immunotherapies typically involve isolating patient-derived DCs, pulsing with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) or tumor-specific (TSAs), utilizing maturation cocktails to ensure their effective activation. These matured DCs then reinfused elicit T-cell responses. While this approach has demonstrated ability generate potent immune responses, its clinical efficacy been limited due immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recent efforts have focused on enhancing immunogenicity vaccines, particularly through combination therapies T cell-targeting immunotherapies. This Trial Watch summarizes recent advances in cancer treatments, including development new preclinical strategies, discusses future potential vaccines evolving landscape immuno-oncology.

Язык: Английский

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