Pulsed field ablation in medicine: irreversible electroporation and electropermeabilization theory and applications

Radiology and Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 59(1), С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Abstract Background Focal ablation techniques are integral in the surgical intervention of diseased tissue, where it is necessary to minimize damage surrounding parenchyma and critical structures. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE), colloquially called pulsed-field (PFA), utilize high-amplitude, low-energy pulsed electric fields (PEFs) nonthermally ablate soft tissue. PEFs induce cell death through permeabilization cellular membrane, leading loss homeostasis. The unique nonthermal nature PFA allows for selective while minimally affecting proteinaceous structures, permitting treatment near sensitive anatomy thermal or resection contraindicated. Further, being used treat tissue when tumor margins not expected after resection, termed margin accentuation. This review explores both theoretical foundations PFA, detailing how membrane destabilization ablation, outcomes following treatment, its clinical implications across oncology cardiology. Conclusions Clinical experience still progressing, but reports have demonstrated that reduces complications often seen with techniques. Mounting data also support produces a robust immune response may prevent local recurrences attenuate metastatic disease. Despite promising outcomes, challenges such as optimizing field delivery addressing variations require further investigation. Future directions include refining protocols expanding application other therapeutic areas like benign hyperplasia chronic bronchitis.

Язык: Английский

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Hijacking and rewiring of host CircRNA/miRNA/mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks by oncoviruses during development of viral cancers

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

A significant portion of human cancers are caused by oncoviruses (12%-25%). Oncoviruses employ various strategies to promote their replication and induce tumourigenesis in host cells, one which involves modifying the gene expression patterns leading rewiring genes resulting changes cellular processes signalling pathways. In recent studies, a specific mode regulation known as circular RNA (circRNA)-mediated competing endogenous (ceRNA) networks has emerged key player this context. CircRNAs, class non-coding molecules, can interact with other such mRNAs microRNAs (miRNAs), through process ceRNA crosstalk. This interaction occurs when circRNAs, acting sponges, sequester miRNAs, thereby preventing them from binding target modulating expression. By cell genome, have ability manipulate activity influencing that profoundly impact proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, immune responses. review focuses on comprehensive evaluation latest findings involvement virus-induced reprogramming circRNA-mediated development pathophysiology viral cancers, including cervical cancer, gastric nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, hepatocellular diffuse large B lymphoma. Understanding these mechanisms improve our knowledge how contribute identify potential targets for developing optimised therapies diagnostic tools cancers.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence in liver cancer — new tools for research and patient management

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(8), С. 585 - 599

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Arsenic trioxide augments immunogenic cell death and induces cGAS-STING-IFN pathway activation in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cell Death and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Abstract The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is particularly challenging due to the inherent tumoral heterogeneity and easy resistance towards chemotherapy immunotherapy. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has emerged as a cytotoxic agent effective for treating solid tumors, including advanced HCC. However, its effectiveness in HCC remains limited, underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed characterize effects ATO By evaluating susceptibilities human murine cell lines treatment, we discovered that cells exhibited range sensitivity highlighting their heterogeneity. A gene signature comprising 265 genes was identified distinguish ATO-sensitive from ATO-insensitive cells. According signature, patients have also been classified differential features response. Our results showed induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation activation multiple death modalities, necroptosis ferroptosis, Meanwhile, elevated immunogenicity observed Similar were not We reported mitochondrial injury mtDNA release into cytoplasm tumors. This subsequently activated cGAS-STING-IFN axis, facilitating CD8 + T infiltration activation. found IFN pathway PD-L1 expression, potentially antagonizing ATO-mediated immune attack. Additional anti-PD1 therapy promoted anti-tumor response In summary, our data indicate heterogeneous responses exist significantly induces immunogenic (ICD) activates tumor-derived mtDNA-STING-IFN axis. These findings may offer new perspective on clinical warrant further study.

Язык: Английский

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Genomic ancestry and cancer among Latin Americans

Clinical & Translational Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(8), С. 1856 - 1871

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024

Abstract Latin American populations, characterized by intricate admixture patterns resulting from the intermingling of ancestries European, Native (NA) Asian, and African which result in a vast complex genetic landscape, harboring unique combinations novel variants. This diversity not only poses challenges traditional population genetics methods but also opens avenues for deeper understanding its implications health. In cancer, interplay between ancestry, lifestyle factors, healthcare disparities adds layer complexity to varying incidence mortality rates observed across different subpopulations. interdependence has been unveiled through numerous studies, whether conducted on patients residing continent or abroad, revealing discernible differences germline composition that influence divergent disease phenotypes such as higher Luminal B Her2 breast tumors, EGFR KRAS mutated lung adenocarcinomas addition an enrichment BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants than expected prevalence colorectal cancer associated genes APC MLH1. prostate risk have solely identified populations. Due divergence, inputs each individual ancestry seem carry independent contributions development these phenotypes. By characteristics, genomic hold promising avenue tailoring prognostic assessments optimizing responses oncological interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Transforming Screening, Risk Stratification, and Treatment Optimization in Chronic Liver Disease Through Data Science and translational Innovation

The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1), С. 53 - 62

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Background: Chronic liver diseases continue to face challenges in prognosis, treatment selection, disease mechanisms, screening, and therapeutic optimization. Promising innovations could address these gaps through data integration novel analytic approaches.Main Body: MAPS-CRAFITY integrating clinical variables, AFP, CT/MRI findings, transformer modeling of RFA improve HCC outcome prediction guide management. Analyses revealing IL21R as a PBC susceptibility gene implicating dysfunctional VWF processing portal hypertension deliver mechanistic insights. Quantifying childhood MAFLD informs screening needs, while supporting use G6PD deficient donors enables transplantation access expansion risk stratification. Updating Baveno criteria enhances an prognostic score identifies optimal candidates maximize efficacy.Conclusion: Recent research leverages diverse types, genetics, imaging, machine learning develop integrated predictive systems that allow more personalized therapy selection. Elucidating molecular pathways provides targets biomarkers. Evidence-based models facilitate delivering tailored interventions. Optimization current modalities validation patient selection improves real-world effectiveness. Multifaceted modern approaches promise unmet needs transform hepatology care.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic Efficacy Studies on the Monoterpenoid Hinokitiol in the Treatment of Different Types of Cancer

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Hinokitiol (HK), a monoterpenoid that naturally occurs in plants belonging to the Cupressaceae family, possesses important biological activities, including an anticancer effect. This review summarizes its potential and draws possible molecular interventions. In addition, it evaluates biopharmaceutical, toxicological properties, clinical application of HK establish viability for future advancement as dependable medication. The assessment is based on most recent information available from various databases. Findings demonstrate substantial therapeutic advantages against diverse types cancer (colon, cervical, breast, bone, endometrial, liver, prostate, oral, skin) through mechanisms. induces oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell‐cycle arrest at G S phases, autophagy modulation phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), p38/ERK/MAPK, nuclear factor kappa B, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, this compound exhibits good oral bioavailability with excellent plasma clearance. Clinical uses without any significant negative effects. A thorough study pertinent data suggests may serve viable candidate developing novel therapies. Consequently, more extensive studies are necessary evaluate treatment efficacy, safety, long‐term hazards.

Язык: Английский

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A novel aminohydroxy sulfonamide formulated in PEGylated liposomes with potential antitumor activity

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106739 - 106739

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Targeting glypican 3 by Immunotoxins; the promise of immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Introduction Tumor cell's resistance, high recurrence rate, and low overall survival rate have made hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) a major health concern. The combination of advanced targeted therapies such as immunotherapy, with conventional treatments has gained traction for application on HCC. Immunotoxins (ITs) represent category biomolecules that combine the affinity antibodies cytotoxic properties toxins.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive insights of etiological drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma: Fostering targeted nano delivery to anti-cancer regimes

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 189318 - 189318

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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