Ride‐Sharing, Fatal Crashes, and Crime

Southern Economic Journal, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 84(4), С. 965 - 991

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2018

The advent of smart‐phone based, ride‐sharing applications has revolutionized the vehicle for hire market. Advocates point to ease use, lower prices, and shorter wait times compared hailing a taxi or prearranging limousine service. Others argue that proper government oversight is necessary protect ride‐share passengers from driver error parts failures violence unlicensed strangers. Using U.S. county‐level data 2007 through 2015, we investigate whether introduction service Uber associated with changes in fatal crashes crime. We find Uber's entry lowers rate DUIs accidents. For some specifications, also declines arrests assault disorderly conduct. Conversely, observe an increase thefts.

Язык: Английский

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The Public Health Effects of Legalizing Marijuana

Journal of Economic Literature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61(1), С. 86 - 143

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Thirty-six states have legalized medical marijuana and 18 the use of for recreational purposes. In this paper, we review literature on public health consequences legalizing marijuana, focusing studies that appeared in economics journals as well leading policy, health, journals. Among outcomes considered are: youth use, alcohol consumption, abuse prescription opioids, traffic fatalities, crime. For some these outcomes, there is a near consensus regarding effects laws (MMLs). As an example, leveraging geographic temporal variation MMLs, researchers produced little credible evidence to suggest legalization promotes among teenagers. Likewise, convincing young adults consume less when legalized. other such mortality involving effect has proven more difficult gauge and, consequence, are comfortable drawing firm conclusions. Finally, it not yet clear how purposes will affect important outcomes. We be able draw stronger conclusions posttreatment data collected recently marijuana. (JEL I12, I18, K32, K42, R41)

Язык: Английский

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Federalism, partial prohibition, and cross-border sales: Evidence from recreational marijuana

Journal of Public Economics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 187, С. 104159 - 104159

Опубликована: Май 28, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the public health impact of cannabis legalization in Canada: core outcome indicators towards an ‘index’ for monitoring and evaluation

Journal of Public Health, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 41(2), С. 412 - 421

Опубликована: Май 2, 2018

The legalization of non-medical cannabis use and supply is impending in Canada. This constitutes a major policy change with the declared objective improving public health outcomes, which requires rigorous monitoring evaluation. While numerous different aspects associated will be examined, focused perspective required for effective evaluation purposes. To these ends, we have identified set 10 core indicators cannabis-related risk/harm outcomes-based on current best evidence-that are expected to measure primary impacts outcomes. We briefly review indicators, their respective data availability As ideally an integrated outcome assessment legalization's impact available, further propose options merge individual into integrated, weighted 'index', considering relative health. One possible approach undertake this 'multi-criteria decision analysis' as method weight indicator health; alternative approaches proposed. 'public index' allow scientifically comprehensive, while focused, effects Canada benefits science evidence-based alike.

Язык: Английский

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Relationships of Cannabis Policy Liberalization With Alcohol Use and Co-Use With Cannabis: A Narrative Review

Alcohol research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

The liberalization of cannabis policies has the potential to affect use other substances and harms from using them, particularly alcohol. Although a previous review this literature found conflicting results regarding relationship between policy alcohol-related outcomes, have continued evolve rapidly in years since that review.The authors conducted narrative studies published January 1, 2015, December 31, 2020, assessed effects on alcohol United States or Canada.The initial search identified 3,446 unique monographs. Of these, 23 met all inclusion criteria were included review, five captured simultaneous concurrent cannabis.Associations use, co-use inconclusive, with finding positive associations, no negative associations. several was associated decreases measures, these same showed impact itself. lack consistent association robust subject age, outcome measure (e.g., medical utilization, driving), type policy; however, may be due small number for each outcome. This paper discusses notable limitations evidence base offers suggestions improving consistency comparability research going forward, including stronger classification policy, measures environment, verification consideration mediation effects.

Язык: Английский

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Tactics for Design and Inference in Synthetic Control Studies: An Applied Example Using High-Dimensional Data

SSRN Electronic Journal, Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

We describe identification assumptions underlying synthetic control studies and offer recommendations for key — normally ad hoc implementation decisions, focusing on model selection; fit; cross-validation; decision rules inference. outline how to implement a Synthetic Control Using Lasso (SCUL). The method---available as an R package allows high-dimensional donor pool; automates includes donors from wide range of variable types; permits both extrapolation negative weights. In application, we employ our the SCUL strategy estimate recreational marijuana legalization affects sales alcohol over-the-counter painkillers, finding reductions in sales.

Язык: Английский

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Societal Costs and Outcomes of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Policies in the United States: A Systematic Review

Medical Care Research and Review, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 79(6), С. 743 - 771

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2022

Significant support exists in the United States for legalization of marijuana/cannabis. As 2021, 36 states and four territories approved medical cannabis via marijuana laws (MMLs), 15 District Columbia (DC) have adopted recreational (RMLs). We performed structured systematic searches articles published from 2010 through September 2021. assess literature pertaining to adolescent use; opioid use opioid-related outcomes; alcohol tobacco illicit other drug growing cultivation; employment, earnings, workplace academic achievement performance; criminal activity; perceived harmfulness; traffic road safety; suicide sexual activity. Overall, 113 satisfied our inclusion criteria. Except opioids, studies on substances (illicit drugs, tobacco, alcohol) were inconclusive. MMLs RMLs do not generate negative outcomes labor market, lead greater activity, or reduce safety.

Язык: Английский

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Adolescent drug use initiation and transition into other drugs: A retrospective longitudinal examination across race/ethnicity

Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 113, С. 106679 - 106679

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Infant Mortality and the Repeal of Federal Prohibition

The Economic Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 131(639), С. 2955 - 2983

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2021

Abstract Using new data on county-level variation in alcohol prohibition from 1933 to 1939, we investigate whether the repeal of federal increased infant mortality, both counties and states that repealed neighbouring counties. We find is associated with a 4.0% increase mortality rates chose wet status via local option elections or state-wide legislation 4.7% dry counties, suggesting large role for cross-border policy externalities. These estimates imply roughly twenty-seven thousand excess deaths could be attributed this period.

Язык: Английский

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The Public Health Effects of Legalizing Marijuana

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

Thirty-six states have legalized medical marijuana and 14 the use of for recreational purposes.In this paper, we review literature on public health consequences legalizing marijuana, focusing studies that appeared in economics journals as well leading policy, health, journals.Among outcomes considered are: youth use, alcohol consumption, abuse prescription opioids, traffic fatalities, crime.For some these outcomes, there is a near consensus regarding effects laws (MMLs).As an example, leveraging geographic temporal variation MMLs, researchers produced little credible evidence to suggest legalization promotes among teenagers.Likewise, convincing young adults consume less when legalized.For other such mortality involving effect has proven more difficult gauge and, consequence, are comfortable drawing firm conclusions.Finally, it not yet clear how purposes will affect important outcomes.We be able draw stronger conclusions post-treatment data collected recently marijuana.

Язык: Английский

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