Protease allergens as initiators–regulators of allergic inflammation

Allergy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(5), С. 1148 - 1168

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Abstract Tremendous progress in the last few years has been made to explain how seemingly harmless environmental proteins from different origins can induce potent Th2‐biased inflammatory responses. Convergent findings have shown key roles of allergens displaying proteolytic activity initiation and progression allergic response. Through their propensity activate IgE‐independent pathways, certain allergenic proteases are now considered as initiators for sensitization themselves non‐protease allergens. The protease degrade junctional keratinocytes or airway epithelium facilitate allergen delivery across epithelial barrier subsequent uptake by antigen‐presenting cells. Epithelial injuries mediated these together with sensing protease‐activated receptors (PARs) elicit responses resulting release pro‐Th2 cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐25, IL‐1β, TSLP) danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs; IL‐33, ATP, uric acid). Recently, were cleave sensor domain IL‐33 produce a super‐active form alarmin. At same time, cleavage fibrinogen trigger TLR4 signaling, various cell surface further shape Th2 polarization. Remarkably, nociceptive neurons represent primary step development goal this review is highlight multiple innate immune mechanisms triggered that converge initiate

Язык: Английский

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Secreted fungal virulence effector triggers allergic inflammation via TLR4

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 608(7921), С. 161 - 167

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Role of Respiratory Epithelial Cells in Allergic Diseases

Cells, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(9), С. 1387 - 1387

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022

The airway epithelium provides the first line of defense to surrounding environment. However, dysfunctions this physical barrier are frequently observed in allergic diseases, which tightly connected with pro- or anti-inflammatory processes. When epithelial cells confronted allergens pathogens, specific response mechanisms set motion, homeostasis, lead elimination invaders and leave permanent traces on respiratory epithelium. can also cause damage sensitized organism, be ascribed excessive immune reactions. tight interaction upper lower airways local systemic an imprint that may mirror pathophysiology. effector T cells, along macrophages, play important role response, as reflected gene expression profiles (transcriptomes) well secretory pattern (secretomes). Further, storage information from past exposures memories within discrete cell types allow a tissue inform fundamentally alter its future responses. Recently, several lines evidence have highlighted contributions myeloid lymphoid stromal mast emerging concepts inflammatory memory trained immunity.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of pediatric uncontrolled asthma in Vietnam

Journal of Asthma, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Uncontrolled asthma profoundly affects quality of life and imposes a significant societal burden. However, reports on its prevalence contributing factors in Vietnam remain limited. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the associated with uncontrolled among children Vietnam. An analytical cross-sectional was conducted involving 344 pediatric patients their caregivers. The Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) (ACT) were used assess control aged 4-11 12-16 years, respectively. Data patient, caregiver, treatment characteristics collected for analysis. Logistic regression analysis employed identify asthma. 40.1%. Factors significantly included previous admissions due (aOR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.56 - 5.04, P < 0.001), inadequate caregiver knowledge 2.86, 5.19, non-adherence controller medication 1.92, 1.07 3.48, 0.030). Vietnamese is quite high. Previous asthma, knowledge, identified as

Язык: Английский

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The HDM allergen orchestra and its cysteine protease maestro: Stimulators of kaleidoscopic innate immune responses

Molecular Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 156, С. 48 - 60

Опубликована: Март 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Advances in respiratory physiology in mouse models of experimental asthma

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Recent advances in mouse models of experimental asthma coupled with vast improvements systems that assess respiratory physiology have considerably increased the accuracy and human relevance outputs from these studies. In fact, become important pre-clinical testing platforms proven value their capacity to be rapidly adapted interrogate emerging clinical concepts, including recent discovery different phenotypes endotypes, has accelerated disease-causing mechanisms our understanding pathogenesis associated effects on lung physiology. this review, we discuss key distinctions between severe asthma, magnitude airway hyperresponsiveness recently discovered disease drivers underpin phenomenon such as structural changes, remodeling, smooth muscle hypertrophy, altered calcium signaling, inflammation. We also explore state-of-the-art function measurement techniques accurately recapitulate scenario well precision cut slices cell culture systems. Furthermore, consider how been applied developed asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary overlap, examine clinically relevant exposures (including ovalbumin, house dust mite antigen absence or presence cigarette smoke, cockroach allergen, pollen, microbes) increase diseases identify new therapeutic targets. Lastly, focus studies diet outcomes, high fat low iron during pregnancy predisposition development offspring, environmental outcomes. conclude review a discussion concepts warrant investigation could utilize advanced factors potential for targeting.

Язык: Английский

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A newborn's perspective on immune responses to food

Immunological Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 326(1), С. 117 - 129

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024

Summary In this review, we will highlight infants' immune responses to food, emphasizing the unique aspects of early‐life immunity and critical role breast milk as a food dedicated infants. Infants are susceptible inflammatory rather than tolerance at mucosal skin barriers, necessitating strategies promote oral that consider susceptibility. Breast provides nutrients for growth cell metabolism, including cells. The content milk, influenced by maternal genetics environmental exposures, prepares infant's system outside world, solid foods. To do this, promotes development through antigen‐specific non‐antigen‐specific education exposing newborn respiratory allergens acting on three key targets allergy prevention: gut microbiota, epithelial cells, Building knowledge how exposome human composition influence offspring's healthy lead recommendations meet specific needs developing increase chances promoting an appropriate response in long term.

Язык: Английский

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NOD-like receptors in asthma

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2022

Asthma is an extremely prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the airway where innate and adaptive immune systems participate collectively with epithelial other structural cells to cause hyperresponsiveness, mucus overproduction, narrowing, remodeling. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a family intracellular sensors that detect microbe-associated molecular patterns damage-associated patterns, well-recognized for their central roles in maintenance tissue homeostasis host defense against bacteria, viruses fungi. In recent times, NLRs have been increasingly acknowledged as much more than emerged also relevant players diseases classically defined by responses such asthma. this review article, we discuss current knowledge developments about NLR expression, activation function relation asthma examine potential interventions signaling immunomodulatory therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Medicinal Mushroom Extracts from Hericium coralloides and Trametes versicolor Exert Differential Immunomodulatory Effects on Immune Cells from Older Adults In Vitro

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(9), С. 2227 - 2227

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Medicinal mushroom extracts (MMEs) exert immunomodulatory effects on innate immunity. The present study aimed to examine the effect of medicinal components in vitro immune cell responses inflammatory stimuli by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from older adults, where function is altered. PBMCs were treated with Hericium coralloides (HC) and Trametes versicolor (TV) prior stimulation rhinovirus A1 (RVA1), influenza A/H1N1pdm09 (H1N1), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or house dust mite (HDM) for 48 h. In presence virus, type I II IFN significantly (p < 0.05) decreased following treatment at least one concentration all compared untreated controls, along significant increases pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8). LPS, TV reduced IL-1β cells. HDM, IL-5 and/or IL-13 was dose extracts. MMEs differential release antiviral mediators vitro. Reduced 2 cytokine HDM may be beneficial conditions allergic inflammation present, including asthma, rhinitis, eczema. Further research needed vivo.

Язык: Английский

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Airway basal stem cells are necessary for the maintenance of functional intraepithelial airway macrophages.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Adult stem cells play a crucial role in tissue homeostasis and repair through multiple mechanisms. In addition to being able replace aged or damaged cells, provide signals that contribute the maintenance function of neighboring cells. lung, airway basal also produce cytokines chemokines response inhaled irritants, allergens, pathogens, which affect specific immune cell populations shape nature response. However, direct cell-to-cell signaling contact between has not been demonstrated. Recently, unique population intraepithelial macrophages (IAMs) identified murine trachea. Here, we demonstrate IAMs require Notch from for their differentiated state function. Furthermore, is required antigen-induced allergic inflammation only trachea where are located whereas responses distal lung tissues preserved consistent with local circuit linking proximate Finally, IAM-like present human conducting airways these display activation, mirroring counterparts. Since diverse have recently localized anatomic niches along proximodistal axis respiratory tree, hypothesize functional coupling cell-mediated regeneration permits compartmentalized inflammatory

Язык: Английский

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