Decline of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Levels 6 Months after Complete BNT162b2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers to Levels Observed Following the First Vaccine Dose

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(2), С. 153 - 153

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Research on post-vaccination antibody dynamics has become pivotal in estimating COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. We studied anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD IgG levels 587 healthcare workers (2038 sera) who completed BNT162b2 vaccination. Average titer 3 weeks after the first dose COVID-19-naïve participants (median 873.5 AU/mL) was 18-fold higher than test threshold, with a significant increase 1 month 9927.2 and an exponential decrease 2976.7 6 966.0 months complete Participants history of prior to vaccination showed significantly levels, particularly 14,280.2 AU/mL), slight decline 12,700.0 titers 4831.0 1465.2 Antibody subjects were moderately correlated age (

Язык: Английский

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Lassa virus glycoprotein complex review: insights into its unique fusion machinery

Bioscience Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2022

Lassa virus (LASV), an arenavirus endemic to West Africa, causes fever-a lethal hemorrhagic fever. Entry of LASV into the host cell is mediated by glycoprotein complex (GPC), which only protein located on viral surface and comprises three subunits: 1 (GP1), 2 (GP2), a stable signal peptide (SSP). The GPC class one fusion protein, akin those found in viruses such as human immunodeficiency (HIV), influenza, Ebola (EBOV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These are enveloped utilize membrane deliver their genetic material cell. Like other proteins, LASV-mediated occurs through orchestrated sequence conformational changes its GPC. receptor-binding subunit, GP1, first engages with receptor then undergoes unique switch upon delivery late endosome. acidic pH change result dissociation exposing GP2, that can occur. events ultimately lead formation pore so released Interestingly, mature retains SSP third subunit-a feature arenaviruses. Additionally, domain contains two separate peptides, instead standard singular peptide. Here, we give comprehensive review components unusual features.

Язык: Английский

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Lung Organoids—The Ultimate Tool to Dissect Pulmonary Diseases?

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2022

Organoids are complex multicellular three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models that designed to allow accurate studies of the molecular processes and pathologies human organs. can be derived from a variety cell types, such as primary progenitor cells, pluripotent stem or tumor-derived cells co-cultured with immune microbial further mimic tissue niche. Here, we focus on development 3D lung organoids their use disease drug screening tools. We introduce various experimental approaches used model diseases analyze advantages disadvantages. also discuss validation physiological relevance study diseases. Furthermore, summarize current host-pathogen interactions cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, tumor cancer application personalized medicine research. Finally, outline future research field induced cell-derived organoids.

Язык: Английский

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Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Levels among University Students: Three Years from the Beginning of the Pandemic

Clinics and Practice, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3), С. 596 - 609

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2023

Three years after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress among college students remains increased. This study assesses stress, anxiety, and depression levels Aristotle University Thessaloniki by end third year pandemic (November 2022), revealing demographic characteristics probable stressors.A questionnaire was distributed in November 2022 via academic students' e-mails. The evaluation performed with DASS21 survey tool. correlation analysis effect size calculation were t-test.The majority participants undergraduates, on their first or second year, female (67%), age 18 to 21, unmarried single (91%), vaccinated against infection (83.4%). Severely increased (21.3%, 23.3%, 25.1%, respectively) measured. normal mild 64.0%, 66.5%, 57.2%, respectively. Female younger at a higher risk extremely severe anxiety prevalence (ORs up 2.07, p-Values < 0.00001). Participants who receiving psychiatric treatment exhibited above 2.9, 0.00001).Despite undeniable withdrawal community presents high levels, similar those reported during 2020). Stressors factors according literature previous studies Greek students. Academic support offices should consider "profile" order evaluate properly potential for emotional distress. Evidence suggest that new technology (virtual reality, tele-psychiatry tele-support apps sessions) also be implemented universities.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Security and Agriculture in Iran: A Survey

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(18), С. 10103 - 10103

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2021

The consequences of COVID-19 on the economy and agriculture have raised many concerns about global food security, especially in developing countries. Given that security is a critical component affected by crises, beside limited studies carried out macro-impacts Iran, this paper an attempt to address dynamic impacts along with economic environmental challenges Iran. For purpose, survey was conducted hypothesis has not To fundamental hypothesis, we applied systematic review method obtain evidence. Various evidences, including indices statistics, were collected from national databases, scientific reports, field observations, interviews. Preliminary results revealed exerts its effects economy, agriculture, Iran through six major mechanisms, corresponding 30% decrease purchasing power parity 2020 significant increase prices compared 2019. On other hand, expanding constraints reduce capacity agricultural sector play crucial role ensure regard, forces programs budget combat rising ecological limitations. Accordingly, our study rejects

Язык: Английский

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High-Flow Nasal Cannula Versus Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With COVID-19

Respiratory Care, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 67(9), С. 1177 - 1189

Опубликована: Март 22, 2022

BACKGROUND:

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) have been widely used in patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) due to COVID-19. However, the impact of HFNC versus NIV on clinical outcomes COVID-19 is uncertain. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis evaluate effect COVID-19-related AHRF.

METHODS:

Several electronic databases were searched through February 10, 2022, for eligible studies comparing Our primary outcome was intubation. The secondary mortality, hospital length stay (LOS), P_aO2/F_IO2 changes. Pooled risk ratio (RR) mean difference (MD) corresponding 95% CI obtained using a random-effect model. Prediction intervals calculated indicate variance that would be expected if new conducted future.

RESULTS:

Nineteen involving 3,606 subjects (1,880 received 1,726 NIV) included. There no differences intubation (RR 1.01 [95% 0.85–1.20], P = .89) or LOS (MD 0.38 d −0.61 1.37], .45) between groups, consistent results subgroup randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Mortality lower 0.81 0.66–0.98], .03). prediction interval 0.41–1.59, analysis RCTs showed mortality groups. greater improvement 22.80 5.30–40.31], .01).

CONCLUSIONS:

study despite NIV, rates similar NIV. Although than included null value, there RCTs. Future large-scale are necessary support our findings

Язык: Английский

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Clearance or Hijack: Universal Interplay Mechanisms Between Viruses and Host Autophagy From Plants to Animals

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2022

Viruses typically hijack the cellular machinery of their hosts for successful infection and replication, while protect themselves against viral invasion through a variety defense responses, including autophagy, an evolutionarily ancient catabolic pathway conserved from plants to animals. Double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes transport trapped cargo lysosomes or vacuoles degradation. However, during ongoing evolutionary arms race, viruses have acquired strong ability disrupt even exploit autophagy invasion. In this review, we analyze universal role in antiviral defenses animals summarize how evade host immune responses by disrupting manipulating autophagy. The review provides novel insights into virus–host interactions offers potential targets prevention control both

Язык: Английский

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Omicron BA.2.75 Sublineage (Centaurus) Follows the Expectations of the Evolution Theory: Less Negative Gibbs Energy of Biosynthesis Indicates Decreased Pathogenicity

Microbiology Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(4), С. 937 - 952

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the group of RNA viruses with a pronounced tendency mutate. Omicron BA.2.75 is subvariant believed be able suppress currently dominant BA.5 and cause new winter wave COVID-19 pandemic. characterized by greater infectivity compared earlier variants. However, Gibbs energy biosynthesis virus particles slightly less negative those other Thus, multiplication rate lower than that This leads slower accumulation newly formed virions damage host cells, indicating evolution toward decreasing pathogenicity.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Depression: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 61(12), С. 10398 - 10447

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Trends in the development of remdesivir based inventions against COVID-19 and other disorders: A patent review

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(8), С. 1075 - 1086

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2021

The development of remdesivir has been a breakthrough for COVID-19 treatment. It approved in about 50 countries, including Saudi Arabia, since 2020. generic structure was first disclosed 2009. This patent review summarizes the based inventions to treat/prevent and other disorders from 2009 May 16, 2021, emphasizing patents related medical pharmaceutical sciences. primary patents/patent applications are its compositions, new combinations with therapeutic agents, delivery systems, indications. inventive have displayed synergistic effects against COVID-19, whereas systems/compositions improved patient compliance. indications treat Ebola, hepatitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular complications enhance area. Many innovative systems anticipated provide better treatment COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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