Gut microbiota in COVID-19: key microbial changes, potential mechanisms and clinical applications

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(5), С. 323 - 337

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Gut and airway microbiota dysbiosis and their role in COVID-19 and long-COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health and disease. Gut dysbiosis is known to be associated with increased susceptibility respiratory diseases modifications the immune response homeostasis of lungs (the so-called gut-lung axis). Furthermore, recent studies have highlighted possible neurological disturbances, introducing notion "gut-brain axis." During last 2 years, several described presence during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) its relationship severity, SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal replication, inflammation. Moreover, persistence after resolution may linked long-COVID syndrome particularly manifestations. We reviewed evidence on association between COVID-19, investigating epidemiologic confounding factors like age, location, sex, sample size, severity disease, comorbidities, therapy, vaccination status airway microbial selected both COVID-19 long-COVID. we analyzed strictly related microbiota, specifically diet investigation previous use antibiotics/probiotics, methodology used study (α- β-diversity parameters relative abundance tools). Of note, only few focused longitudinal analyses, especially for long-term observation Lastly, there lack knowledge regarding transplantation other therapeutic approaches their impact progression severity. Preliminary data seem suggest that might play symptoms. Indeed, development interpretation these could important implications future preventive strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 4, 2022

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late December 2019. Considering the important role of gut microbiota maturation, regulation, and induction immune system subsequent inflammatory processes, it seems that evaluating composition COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals may have potential value as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for disease. Also, therapeutic interventions affecting microbial flora open new horizons treatment accelerating their recovery.

Язык: Английский

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Traditional Chinese medicine against COVID-19: Role of the gut microbiota

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 149, С. 112787 - 112787

Опубликована: Март 8, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious caused by severe syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it has become a public health concern worldwide. In addition to symptoms, some COVID‑19 patients also show various gastrointestinal symptoms even consider be the first manifestation. A large amount of evidence shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection could disrupt gut microbiota balance, disorders aggravate condition COVID-19 patients. Therefore, maintaining balance expected potential new therapeutic target for treating COVID-19. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) significant effects in all stages prevention treatment It can adjust ideal intestinal microecological regulator. This review summarizes advantages clinical efficacy TCM expounds on relationship between microbiota, mechanism induced SARS-CoV-2, cytokine storms role preventing regulating provide research ideas

Язык: Английский

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Dissecting the role of the human microbiome in COVID-19 via metagenome-assembled genomes

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), primarily a respiratory caused by infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is often accompanied gastrointestinal symptoms. However, little known about the relation between human microbiome and COVID-19, largely due to fact that most previous studies fail provide high taxonomic resolution identify microbes likely interact SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we used whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing data together assembly binning strategies reconstruct metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from 514 COVID-19 related nasopharyngeal fecal samples in six independent cohorts. We reconstructed total of 11,584 medium-and high-quality microbial MAGs obtained 5403 non-redundant (nrMAGs) strain-level resolution. found there significant reduction strain richness for many species gut patients. The signatures can accurately distinguish cases healthy controls predict progression COVID-19. Moreover, identified set nrMAGs putative causal role clinical manifestations revealed their functional pathways potentially Finally, demonstrated main findings our study be validated three presented results highlight importance incorporating understanding progression.

Язык: Английский

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Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(7), С. 857 - 857

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2022

Enterococcus are opportunistic pathogens that have been gaining importance in the clinical setting, especially terms of hospital-acquired infections. This problem has mainly associated with fact these bacteria able to present intrinsic and extrinsic resistance different classes antibiotics, a great deal being attributed vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, other aspects, such as expression virulence factors including biofilm-forming ability, its capacity trading genetic information, makes this bacterial genus more capable surviving harsh environmental conditions. All characteristics, some reports decreased susceptibility biocides, all described literary review, allow enterococci longer survival ability hospital environment, consequently giving them opportunities disseminate settings be responsible for difficult-to-treat

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota composition during hospitalization is associated with 60-day mortality after severe COVID-19

Critical Care, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Gut microbiota alterations have been reported in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with reduced alpha diversity and altered composition related to respiratory failure. However, data regarding gut mortality are scarce.Rectal swabs for analyses were collected within 48 h after hospital admission (baseline; n = 123) three-month post-admission (n 50) a subset of patients included the Norwegian SARS-CoV2 cohort study. Samples analysed by sequencing 16S rRNA gene. at baseline assessed relation need intensive care unit (ICU) during hospitalization. The primary objective was investigate whether ICU-related associated 60-day mortality.Gut (Shannon index) lower requiring ICU hospitalization than those managed general wards. A dysbiosis index representing balance enriched taxa compared ward including decreased abundance butyrate-producing microbes enrichment partly oral bacterial flora, independent antibiotic use, dexamethasone chronic pulmonary disease, PO2/FiO2 ratio, C-reactive protein, neutrophil counts or creatinine levels (adjusted p < 0.001). correlated systemic inflammation univariate (Hazard ratio 3.70 [2.00-8.6], 0.001), as well separate adjustment covariates. At follow-up, remained elevated 0.007).Although our should be regarded exploratory due low number clinical end points, they suggest that could poor prognosis severe COVID-19. Larger studies involvement long-term outcome warranted. Trial registration NCT04381819 . Retrospectively registered May 11, 2020.

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between gut microbiota and COVID-19 progression: new insights into immunopathogenesis and treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 2, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a global health crisis. Increasing evidence underlines the key role of competent immune responses in resisting SARS-CoV-2 infection and manifests disastrous consequence host dysregulation. Elucidating mechanisms responsible for deregulated immunity COVID-19 may provide theoretical basis further research on new treatment modalities. Gut microbiota comprises trillions microorganisms colonizing human gastrointestinal tract vital homeostasis gut-lung crosstalk. Particularly, can lead to disruption gut equilibrium, condition called dysbiosis. Due its regulatory effect immunity, recently received considerable attention field immunopathology. Imbalanced fuel progression through production bioactive metabolites, intestinal metabolism, enhancement cytokine storm, exaggeration inflammation, regulation adaptive other aspects. In this review, we an overview alterations patients, their effects individuals’ susceptibility viral progression. Moreover, summarize currently available data critical bidirectional between microbes SARS-CoV-2-induced pathology, highlight immunomodulatory contributing pathogenesis. addition, discuss therapeutic benefits future perspectives microbiota-targeted interventions including faecal transplantation (FMT), bacteriotherapy traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal barrier dysfunction as a key driver of severe COVID-19

World Journal of Virology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 68 - 90

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

The intestinal lumen harbors a diverse consortium of microorganisms that participate in reciprocal crosstalk with immune cells and epithelial endothelial cells, forming multi-layered barrier enables the efficient absorption nutrients without an excessive influx pathogens. Despite being lung-centered disease, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects multiple systems, including gastrointestinal tract pertinent gut function. Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can inflict either direct cytopathic injury to or indirect immune-mediated damage. Alternatively, SARS-CoV-2 undermines structural integrity by modifying expression tight junction proteins. In addition, induces profound alterations microflora at phylogenetic metabolomic levels (dysbiosis) are accompanied disruption local responses. ensuing dysregulation gut-lung axis impairs ability system elicit robust timely responses restrict viral infection. vasculature is vulnerable SARS-CoV-2-induced injury, which simultaneously triggers activation innate coagulation condition referred as "immunothrombosis" drives thrombotic complications. Finally, increased permeability allows aberrant dissemination bacteria, fungi, endotoxin into systemic circulation contributes, certain degree, over-exuberant hyper-inflammation dictate form COVID-19. this review, we aim elucidate SARS-CoV-2-mediated effects on homeostasis their implications progression disease.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids and their impact on the host thyroid function and diseases

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Thyroid disorders are clinically characterized by alterations of L-3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodothyronine (T 4 ), L-3,5,3’-triiodothyronine 3 and/or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the blood. The most frequent thyroid hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroxinemia. These conditions affect cell differentiation, function, metabolism. It has been reported that 40% world’s population suffers from some type disorder several factors increase susceptibility to these diseases. Among them iodine intake, environmental contamination, smoking, certain drugs, genetic factors. Recently, intestinal microbiota, composed more than trillions microbes, emerged as a critical player human health, dysbiosis linked microbiota can host physiology producing metabolites derived dietary fiber, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have local actions intestine central nervous system immune system. Modulation SCFAs-producing bacteria also connected metabolic diseases, obesity diabetes. In this review, we discuss how production due patients could be related disorders. studies reviewed here may significant interest endocrinology researchers medical practitioners.

Язык: Английский

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