Annals of Medicine and Surgery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 86(12), С. 7221 - 7226
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
Язык: Английский
Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1), С. 132 - 132
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025
Background/Objectives: Helicobacter pylori is the leading cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosal-associated lymphoma. Due to emerging problems with antibiotic treatment against H. in clinical practice, vaccination has gained more interest. Oral immunization considered a promising approach for preventing initial colonization this bacterium gastrointestinal tract, establishing first line defense at mucosal surfaces. Chitosan nanoparticles can be exploited effectively oral vaccine delivery due their stability, simplicity target accessibility, beneficial mucoadhesive immunogenic properties. Methods: In study, new multi-epitope pDNA- recombinant protein-based vaccines incorporating multiple antigens were produced encapsulated chitosan intramuscular administration. The induced immune response was assessed through levels antigen-specific IgGs, secreted SIgA, cytokines (IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ) immunized BALB/C mice. Results: Intramuscular administration both pDNA efficiently stimulated production specific IgG2a IgG1, which supported by levels. immunizations either or protein revealed high SIgA levels, suggesting effective immunization, contrasting immunizations, did not induce SIgA. Conclusions: These findings indicate that into are candidates eradicating mitigating associated diseases humans.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(5), С. 4991 - 5009
Опубликована: Май 20, 2024
The gastric milieu, because of its very low acidic pH, is harsh for bacterial growth. discovery Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) has opened a new avenue studies on the microbiota, thus indicating that stomach not sterile environment. Nowadays, technologies identification have demonstrated existence other microorganisms in habitat, which play an important role health and disease. This bacterium possesses arsenal compounds enable survival but, at same time, damage mucosa. Toxins, such as cytotoxin-associated gene A, vacuolar cytotoxin lipopolysaccharides, adhesins, determine inflammatory status mucosa may become chronic, ultimately leading to carcinoma. In initial stage, H.p. persistence alters microbiota with condition dysbiosis, predisposing inflammation. Probiotics prebiotics exhibit beneficial effects infection, and, among them, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial activities are major ones. Moreover, association probiotics (synbiotics) conventional anti-H.p. therapy contributes more efficacious eradication bacterium. Also, polyphenols, largely present vegetal kingdom, been alleviate H.p.-dependent pathologies, even including inhibition tumorigenesis. composition disease described. Then, cellular molecular mechanisms H.p.-mediated clarified. Finally, use probiotics, prebiotics, polyphenols experimental models patients infected discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Gastrointestinal Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1), С. 6 - 6
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025
Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) is a Gram-negative bacterium endowed with gastric tropism. H.p. infection widely spread throughout the world, accounting for various pathologies, such as peptic ulcer, cancer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and extra-gastric manifestations. This possesses several virulence factors, e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPS), toxins CagA VacA, adhesins, which elicit robust immune response during initial phase of infection. Of note, lipid A moiety LPS exhibits lower endotoxic potency than that other LPSs, thus facilitating through mechanism escape. colonization mucosa induces an protective innate cells, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, engulf kill bacteria. Moreover, same along epithelial secrete cytokines chemokines, recruit T cells [T helper (h)1 Th17 cells] to site infection, leading eradication. In large subset individuals, perturbation equilibrium leads harmful response, expansion regulatory (TREG) suppress response. fact, TREG via production interleukin (IL)-10, downregulate Th1- Th17-related cytokines, allowing survival perpetuation inflammation. As far humoral concerned, B upon stimulation, produce autoreactive antibodies, IgG anti-Lex antibodies are mucosa. this review, structure function antigenic components mechanisms elicited by will be described in relation damage.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 82(1)
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
A growing number of studies in recent years have revealed the changes gastric microbiota during development diseases, breaking stereotype that stomach is hostile to microorganisms beyond H. pylori. After a decade intensive research, discovery innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has provided new perspective on immune response many diseases. In context defense against infectious pathogens, pre-existing mechanism tissue-resident ILCs can rapidly recognize and respond microbes eliminate infection at earliest stages. Here, we outline basic function mucosa shaping microbiome. We discuss interactions between ILCs, explaining how actively drive bacterial pathogens lead disease.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Pharmacia, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 72, С. 1 - 15
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Helicobacter pylori infects more than 50% of the human population worldwide. Persistence and colonization this bacterium in host result genetic epigenetic alteration intra-complicated reactions that enhance innate adaptive immune responses, which lead to development several gastrointestinal illnesses increase risk for gastric cancer progression. Even World Health Organization (WHO) classified a first group carcinogens; also, it has been associated with multiple extra implications such as autoimmune disease cardiovascular disease, thereby being considered highly infectious pathogen critical health problem globally. Detection infection facilitates prognosis suitable treatment enhances eradication prevent further implication. The aim review is convey aspects related infection, understand clarify changes, response, pathogenicity virulence factors involved well diagnostic options, fundamental strategy rate reinfection among variable individuals.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107572 - 107572
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Reviews of Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 28
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as pivotal players in the field of immunology, expanding our understanding innate immunity beyond conventional paradigms. This comprehensive review delves into multifaceted world ILCs, beginning with their serendipitous discovery and traversing ontogeny heterogeneity. We explore distinct subsets ILCs unraveling intriguing plasticity, which adds a layer complexity to functional repertoire. As we journey through activities address role immune responses against various infections, categorizing interactions helminthic parasites, bacterial pathogens, fungal viral invaders. Notably, this offers detailed examination context specific such Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Citrobacter rodentium, Clostridium difficile, Salmonella typhimurium, Helicobacter pylori, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Influenza virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. selection aimed for exploration infectious contexts, opting microorganisms based on extensive research findings rather than considerations virulence or emergence. Furthermore, raise questions about potential resemblances between epithelial cells, shedding light interconnectedness within mucosal microenvironment. The culminates critical assessment therapeutic prospects targeting during infection, emphasizing promise novel immunotherapeutic targets. Nevertheless, due recent evolving understanding, effectively manipulating is challenging. Ensuring specificity safety while evaluating long-term effects clinical settings will be crucial.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(11), С. 5065 - 5065
Опубликована: Май 24, 2025
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and associated with several gastric diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, cancer. The bacterium’s ability to thrive in harsh environment due, some extent, its stress response mechanisms, heat shock proteins (HSPs) playing putative, yet not fully understood, role these adaptive processes. HSPs are family of molecules, highly conserved throughout phylogenesis, assist protein folding, prevent aggregation, ensure cellular homeostasis under stressful conditions. In H. pylori, contribute survival stomach’s acidic oxidative stress. Furthermore, they aid adhere epithelial cells, modulate host immune response, form biofilms, all contributing chronic infection pathogenicity. microbial antibiotic resistance has also emerged as critical area research, help stabilize efflux pumps, protect essential targeted by antibiotics, promote biofilm formation, thereby reducing efficacy antimicrobial treatments. Among bacterial HSPs, GroEL DnaK probably major control most pylori’s functioning. Indeed, both possess remarkable acid resistance, high substrate affinity, dual roles interaction. These features make them for adaptation, persistence, pathogenicity niche. addition, recent findings have highlighted involvement crosstalk between cells mediated release outer membrane vesicles host-derived exosomes, extracellular being part muco-microbiotic layer influencing signalling modulation. Considering their persistence bacteria, represent potential therapeutic targets. Strategies aimed at inhibiting HSP function, combined conventional antibiotics or developing vaccines targeting could provide new avenues treatment infections combat resistance. This review explores multifaceted pathogenesis highlighting contributions adhesion, evasion,
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Briefings in Bioinformatics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common gastric pathogens; however, molecular mechanisms driving its progression to cancer remain poorly understood. This study aimed identify key transcriptomic drivers and therapeutic targets H. pylori–associated through an integrative analysis. analysis integrates microarray RNA-seq datasets significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cancer. In addition independent analyses, data were integrated using ComBat detect consistent expression patterns hub genes. approach revealed distinct clustering stage-specific transcriptional changes DEGs across disease progression, including infection, gastritis, atrophy, Genes such as TPX2, MKI67, EXO1, CTHRC1 exhibited progressive upregulation from cancer, highlighting involvement cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings provide insights into shifts linking inflammation-driven malignancy. Furthermore, network identified genes, CXCL1, CCL20, IL12B, STAT4, which are enriched immune pathways chemotaxis, leukocyte migration, cytokine signaling. emphasizes their role dysregulation tumor development. Expression profiling demonstrated correlating with progression. Finally, drug–gene interaction opportunities, interacting approved drugs like abatacept zoledronic acid, well developmental adjuvant relapladib. highlight these biomarkers targets, providing a foundation for advancing precision medicine Overall, this paves way by development early detection biomarkers, risk stratification, targeted therapies. supports clinical translation strategies
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(11), С. 5856 - 5856
Опубликована: Май 28, 2024
Trained immunity is a concept in immunology which innate immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, exhibit enhanced responsiveness memory-like characteristics following initial contact with pathogenic stimulus that may promote more effective defense subsequent the same pathogen. Helicobacter pylori, bacterium colonizes stomach lining, etiologically associated various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma, extra disorders. It has been demonstrated repeated exposure to H. pylori can induce trained cells of mucosa, become responsive better able respond infections. However, interactions between are intricate produce both beneficial detrimental effects. infection characterized histologically presence an acute chronic inflammatory response called acute-on-chronic inflammation, or gastritis. The clinical outcomes ongoing inflammation include intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, dysplasia. These mechanisms also reduce immunotolerance trigger autoimmune pathologies host. This review focuses on relationship underscores dynamic interplay system pathogen context colonization inflammation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2