Trends in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 42(7), С. 635 - 648
Опубликована: Май 27, 2021
Язык: Английский
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 34(S28)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2023
Abstract Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator allergic diseases in 1967, our knowledge about immunological mechanisms IgE‐mediated allergies has remarkably increased. In addition to understanding immune response and clinical symptoms, allergy diagnosis management depend strongly on precise identification elicitors reaction. past four decades, innovations bioscience technology have facilitated production well‐defined, highly pure molecules for component‐resolved (CRD), allowing personalized disease individual patients. The first edition “EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide” (MAUG) 2016 rapidly became key reference clinicians, scientists, interested readers with background allergology, immunology, biology, medicine. Nevertheless, field molecular allergology is moving fast, after 6 years, new EAACI Taskforce was established provide an updated document. Guide 2.0 summarizes state‐of‐the‐art information allergen molecules, their relevance, application diagnostic algorithms practice. It designed both, clinicians guiding health care professionals through overwhelming list different available testing. Further, it provides relevance allergenic gives overview basic test formats, tests measure exposure.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
152
Allergy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 78(5), С. 1148 - 1168
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023
Abstract Tremendous progress in the last few years has been made to explain how seemingly harmless environmental proteins from different origins can induce potent Th2‐biased inflammatory responses. Convergent findings have shown key roles of allergens displaying proteolytic activity initiation and progression allergic response. Through their propensity activate IgE‐independent pathways, certain allergenic proteases are now considered as initiators for sensitization themselves non‐protease allergens. The protease degrade junctional keratinocytes or airway epithelium facilitate allergen delivery across epithelial barrier subsequent uptake by antigen‐presenting cells. Epithelial injuries mediated these together with sensing protease‐activated receptors (PARs) elicit responses resulting release pro‐Th2 cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐25, IL‐1β, TSLP) danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs; IL‐33, ATP, uric acid). Recently, were cleave sensor domain IL‐33 produce a super‐active form alarmin. At same time, cleavage fibrinogen trigger TLR4 signaling, various cell surface further shape Th2 polarization. Remarkably, nociceptive neurons represent primary step development goal this review is highlight multiple innate immune mechanisms triggered that converge initiate
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
46
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 171, С. 115 - 127
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2021
Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) are usually defined as small, basic proteins, with a wide distribution in all orders of higher plants. Structurally, nsLTPs contain conserved motif eight cysteines, linked by four disulphide bonds, and hydrophobic cavity which the ligand is housed. This structure confers stability enhances ability to bind transport variety molecules. Their highly structural resemblance but low sequence identity reflects ligands they can carry, well broad biological functions to, such membrane stabilization, cell wall organization signal transduction. In addition, have also been described essential resistance biotic abiotic stresses, plant growth development, seed germination. Hence, there growing interest this family for their critical roles development many unresolved questions that need be clarified, regarding subcellular localization, capacity, expression profile, function, evolution.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
75
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(4), С. 3376 - 3404
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2022
Abstract Food allergens are closely related to their gastrointestinal digestion fate, but the changes in food during and mechanisms quite complicated. This review presents detail models for predicting allergenicity, fates of oral, gastric duodenal digestion, applications digestomics mapping IgE‐binding epitopes digestion‐resistant peptides. Moreover, this highlights structure–activity relationships digestion. Digestion‐labile may share common structural characteristics, such as high flexibility, rendering them easier be hydrolyzed into small fragments with decreased or eliminated allergenicity. In contrast, presence disulfide bonds, tightly wound α‐helical structures, hydrophobic domains helps resist stabilizing epitopes, thus maintaining sensitization. rare cases, leads increased allergenicity due exposure new epitopes. Finally, action matrix processing on well underlying was overviewed. The can directly act allergen by forming complexes affect its digestibility thereby alter indirectly competing enzymatic cleavage influencing pH microbial flora. Several techniques attenuate proteins altering conformation improve susceptibility degradation digestive enzymes. Given complexity components, itself rather than a single should used obtain more accurate data assessment. Practical Application article will help understand relationship between protein provide fundamental information evaluating reducing proteins.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
56
Current topics in microbiology and immunology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер unknown, С. 21 - 43
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2019
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
56
Allergy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 76(8), С. 2367 - 2382
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2021
Abstract Many allergens feature hydrophobic cavities that allow the binding of primarily small‐molecule ligands. Ligand‐binding specificities can be strict or promiscuous. Serum albumins from mammals and birds assume multiple conformations facilitate a broad spectrum compounds. Pollen plant food family 10 pathogenesis‐related proteins bind variety small molecules such as glycosylated flavonoid derivatives, flavonoids, cytokinins, steroids in vitro. However, their natural ligand was reported to highly specific. Insect mammalian lipocalins transport odorants, pheromones, catecholamines, fatty acids with similar level specificity, while allergen β‐lactoglobulin cow's milk is notably more Non‐specific lipid transfer pollen foods wide lipids, phospholipids acids, well sterols prostaglandin B2, aided by high plasticity flexibility displayed lipid‐binding cavities. Ligands increase stability thermal and/or proteolytic degradation. They also act immunomodulatory agents favor Th2 polarization. In summary, ligand‐binding expose immune system biologically active compounds whose impact on sensitization process has not been studied thus far.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
55
Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2021
Inflammation, which is induced by the immune response, recognized as driving factor in many diseases, including infections and inflammatory metabolic disorders cancers. Genetic variations pivotal genes associated with particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), may account for predisposition clinical outcome of diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) functions an enhancer host response to LPS, main component outer membrane gram-native bacteria. Given crucial role LBP inflammation, we will review impact SNPs
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
51
Frontiers in Allergy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2
Опубликована: Март 11, 2021
Whereas house dust mite (HDM) allergy results from a dysregulated Th2-biased adaptive immune response, activation of innate signaling pathways is critical prerequisite for the initiation HDM sensitizations. Such sensing mainly controlled by airway epithelium and skin. The resulting release epithelial-derived proinflammatory cytokines alarmins such as GM-CSF, IL-25, IL-33 TSLP mediates ILC2 cells cDCs to promote inflammation. Significant progress in elucidation has been made past decade highlighted key roles LPS/TLR4 axis, chitin-dependent together with protease allergens. However, precise mechanisms which allergens are sensed system remain largely unknown. investigations difficult several reasons. Among these (1) natural association immunostimulators exoskeleton well environmental microorganisms/pollutants or endosymbiotic bacteria; (2) purification individual extracts sufficient amounts devoid any microbial protein impurities; (3) production correctly folded recombinant could display same biological activity than their counterparts; (4) accessibility human epithelial samples cellular heterogeneities inter-donor variations; (5) translation experimental data mouse models humans almost missing. goal present mini-review emphasize some important limitations pitfalls immunostimulatory properties
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
36
The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 905, С. 167042 - 167042
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023
Aeroallergens or inhalant allergens, are proteins dispersed through the air and have potential to induce allergic conditions such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma. Outdoor aeroallergens found predominantly in pollen grains fungal spores, which allergen carriers. from fungi seasonal emission patterns that correlate with plant pollination sporulation strongly associated atmospheric weather conditions. They released when carriers come contact respiratory system, e.g. nasal mucosa. In addition, due rupture of carriers, airborne molecules may be directly into form micronic submicronic particles (cytoplasmic debris, cell wall fragments, droplets etc.) adhered onto other particulate matter. Therefore, aeroallergen detection strategies must consider, addition themselves. This review article aims present current knowledge on allergens outdoor environment, their structure, localization, factors affecting production, transformation, release degradation. methods for collecting quantifying listed thoroughly discussed. Finally, gaps, challenges implications analysis described.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Ferroptosis is a regulatory cell death characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation that leads to oxidative stress. Many signaling pathways such as metabolism, amino acid metabolism precisely regulate the process of ferroptosis. involved in variety lung diseases, acute injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fibrosis. Increasing studies suggest ferroptosis development asthma. plays an important role Iron disorders, peroxidation, disorders lead occurrence airway epithelial cells, then aggravate clinical symptoms asthmatic patients. Moreover, several regulators are pathogenesis asthma, Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1, mevalonate pathway, inhibitor protein 1. Importantly, inhibitors improve Thus, its contribution asthma help us better understand provide new directions treatment. This article aimed review mechanism describing relationship between based on related factors. At same time, we summarized current observations eosinophils, smooth muscle cells
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
13