Probiotics Mechanism of Action on Immune Cells and Beneficial Effects on Human Health

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 184 - 184

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2023

Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with react to each other a stable environment order maintain healthy immune activities. system-microbiota cross-talk relies on complex network of pathways that sustain balance between tolerance immunogenicity. Probiotic bacteria can interact stimulate intestinal microflora modulate specific functions homeostasis. Growing evidence shows probiotic present important health-promoting immunomodulatory properties. Thus, use probiotics might represent promising approach for improving system So far, few studies have been reported beneficial modulatory effect probiotics. However, many others, which are mainly focused their metabolic/nutritional properties, published. Therefore, mechanisms behind interaction host only partially described. The review aims collect summarize most recent scientific results resulting implications how improve functions. Hence, description currently known is provided.

Язык: Английский

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Seaweed for climate mitigation, wastewater treatment, bioenergy, bioplastic, biochar, food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(1), С. 97 - 152

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2022

Abstract The development and recycling of biomass production can partly solve issues energy, climate change, population growth, food feed shortages, environmental pollution. For instance, the use seaweeds as feedstocks reduce our reliance on fossil fuel resources, ensure synthesis cost-effective eco-friendly products biofuels, develop sustainable biorefinery processes. Nonetheless, in several biorefineries is still infancy stage compared to terrestrial plants-based lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, here we review seaweed with focus production, economical benefits, feedstock for anaerobic digestion, biochar, bioplastics, crop health, food, livestock feed, pharmaceuticals cosmetics. Globally, could sequester between 61 268 megatonnes carbon per year, an average 173 megatonnes. Nearly 90% sequestered by exporting deep water, while remaining 10% buried coastal sediments. 500 gigatonnes replace nearly 40% current soy protein production. Seaweeds contain valuable bioactive molecules that be applied antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulants, other cosmetics skincare products.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2022

The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut microbiome”. Of note, the members genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla Firmicutes are most important probiotic bacteria gut microbiome. These gut-residing species not only communicate with each other but also epithelial lining balance barrier integrity, mucosal defence and ameliorate host immune responses. body suffers from several inflammatory diseases affecting gut, lungs, heart, bone or neural tissues. Mounting evidence supports significant role spp. their components (such metabolites, peptidoglycans, and/or surface proteins) modulatingimmune responses, primarily through exchange immunological signals between tract distant organs. This bidirectional crosstalk which is mediated by promotes anti-inflammatory response, thereby supporting improvement symptoms pertaining asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neuroinflammatory multiple sclerosis, alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease), cardiovascular diseases, bowel (IBD) infections patients. metabolic disorders, obesity diabetes characterized a low-grade inflammation. Genus alleviates disorders regulating oxidative stress response pathways. Osteoporosis associated inflammation resorption. metabolites act powerful cell controllers exhibit regulatory resorption formation, health. Thus, this review demonstrated mechanisms summarized benefit alleviating different organs animal clinical trials. present narrative explores detail complex interactions gut-dwelling promote host’s

Язык: Английский

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Immunological mechanisms of inflammatory diseases caused by gut microbiota dysbiosis: A review

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 164, С. 114985 - 114985

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2023

The gut microbiota is indispensable for maintaining host health by enhancing the host's digestive capacity, safeguarding intestinal epithelial barrier, and preventing pathogen invasion. Additionally, exhibits a bidirectional interaction with immune system promotes of to mature. Dysbiosis microbiota, primarily caused factors such as genetic susceptibility, age, BMI, diet, drug abuse, significant contributor inflammatory diseases. However, mechanisms underlying diseases resulting from dysbiosis lack systematic categorization. In this study, we summarize normal physiological functions symbiotic in healthy state demonstrate that when occurs due various external factors, are lost, leading pathological damage lining, metabolic disorders, barrier damage. This, turn, triggers disorders eventually causes systems. These discoveries provide fresh perspectives on how diagnose treat unrecognized variables might affect link between illnesses need further studies extensive basic clinical research will still be required investigate relationship future.

Язык: Английский

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The Dietary Fiber Pectin: Health Benefits and Potential for the Treatment of Allergies by Modulation of Gut Microbiota

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 21(10)

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2021

Abstract Purpose of Review The incidence allergies is increasing and has been associated with several environmental factors including westernized diets. Changes in environment nutrition can result dysbiosis the skin, gut, lung microbiota altering production microbial metabolites, which may turn generate epigenetic modifications. present review addresses studies on pectin-mediated effects allergies, immune modulating mechanisms by bacterial metabolites. Recent Findings Recently, have gained attention as target for allergy intervention, especially prebiotics, that are able to stimulate growth activity certain microorganisms. Dietary fibers, cannot be digested gastrointestinal tract, alter gut lead increased local systemic concentrations - derived short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These promote generation peripheral regulatory T cells (T reg ) modulation suppress inflammatory function dendritic (DCs) transcriptional modulation. dietary fiber pectin (a plant-derived polysaccharide commonly used gelling agent supplement) ratio Firmicutes Bacteroidetes microbiota, SCFAs feces sera, reducing development airway inflammation suppressing DC function. Summary Pectin shown immunomodulatory although underlying still need elucidated. It suggested different types exert direct and/or indirect through mechanisms. However, little known about relation structures allergies.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbes and muscle function: can probiotics make our muscles stronger?

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(3), С. 1460 - 1476

Опубликована: Март 12, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 294 - 294

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Brain Development and Its Association With Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022

The gut microbiome has a tremendous influence on human physiology, including the nervous system. During fetal development, initial colonization of coincides with development system in timely, coordinated manner. Emerging studies suggest an active involvement and its metabolic by-products regulating early brain development. However, any disruption during this developmental process can negatively impact functionality, leading to range neurodevelopment neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD). In review, we summarize recent evidence as how association major neurodevelopmental psychiatric such autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia. Further, discuss alterations also play role inducing drug resistance affected individuals. We propose model that establishes direct link dysbiosis exacerbated inflammatory state, functional deficits associated NPD. Based existing research, framework whereby diet intervention boost mental wellness subjects call for further research better understanding mechanisms govern gut-brain axis may lead novel approaches study pathophysiology treatment disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondria: It is all about energy

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023

Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron calcium homeostasis the of hormones neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, nucleus, outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk between mitochondria circadian clocks, gut microbiota, immune system. might even be hub supporting integrating activity across these domains. Hence, they (missing) link Mitochondrial dysfunction related metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular infectious inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding mitochondrial action that allow for maintenance pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although have allowed us adapt changes over course evolution, turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences its own way. use physiological stress triggers tolerance stressor, achieving adaptability resistance. describes strategies could recover functioning providing comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach recovering treating people suffering diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces: Back to Nature to Improve Human Health

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(5), С. 444 - 444

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2022

Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii is best known for its treatment efficacy against different gastrointestinal diseases. This probiotic yeast can significantly protect the normal microbiota of human gut and inhibit pathogenicity diarrheal infections. Several clinical investigations have declared S. a biotherapeutic agent due to antibacterial, antiviral, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory immune-modulatory properties. Oral or intramuscular administration remarkably induce health-promoting effects in host body. Different intrinsic extrinsic factors are responsible acute chronic gut-associated review will discuss beneficial prevention metabolic diseases highlight some health-promising article provide fundamental insights new avenues fields biotherapeutics, antimicrobial resistance one health.

Язык: Английский

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