Faecal metabolome and its determinants in inflammatory bowel disease

Gut, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 72(8), С. 1472 - 1485

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Objective Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial immune-mediated inflammatory of the intestine, comprising Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis. By characterising metabolites in faeces, combined with faecal metagenomics, host genetics clinical characteristics, we aimed to unravel metabolic alterations IBD. Design We measured 1684 different 8 short-chain branched-chain fatty acids stool samples 424 patients IBD 255 non-IBD controls. Regression analyses were used compare concentrations between cases controls determine relationship each participant’s lifestyle, characteristics gut microbiota composition. Moreover, genome-wide association analysis was conducted on metabolite levels. Results identified over 300 molecules that differentially abundant faeces The ratio sphingolipid L-urobilin could discriminate (AUC=0.85). found changes bile acid pool dysbiotic microbial communities strong metabolome microbiota. For example, abundance Ruminococcus gnavus positively associated tryptamine In addition, 158 associations dietary patterns, polymorphisms near NAT2 strongly coffee metabolism. Conclusion this large-scale analysis, are independent commonly overlooked confounders such as diet surgical history. Considering influence microbiome metabolites, our results pave way for future interventions targeting intestinal inflammation.

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbiota derived bile acid metabolites maintain the homeostasis of gut and systemic immunity

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

Bile acids (BAs) as cholesterol-derived molecules play an essential role in some physiological processes such nutrient absorption, glucose homeostasis and regulation of energy expenditure. They are synthesized the liver primary BAs cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic (CDCA) conjugated forms. A variety secondary deoxycholic (DCA) lithocholic (LCA) their derivatives is intestine through involvement various microorganisms. In addition to functions, metabolites also involved differentiation functions innate adaptive immune cells macrophages (Macs), dendritic (DCs), myeloid derived suppressive (MDSCs), regulatory T (Treg), Breg cells, helper (Th)17 CD4 Th1 Th2 CD8 B NKT cells. Dysregulation affects development diseases inflammatory bowel diseases. We here summarize recent advances how maintain gut systemic homeostasis, including metabolism derivatives, function effects on immune-associated disorders.

Язык: Английский

---

How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(11), С. 798 - 809

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbial metabolites in MASLD: Implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and treatment

Hepatology Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

With an increasing prevalence, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a major global health problem. MASLD is well-known as multifactorial disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in the gut bacteria are 2 vital events MASLD. Recent studies have highlighted cross-talk between microbiota mitochondria, mitochondria recognized pivotal targets of to modulate host's physiological state. plays role associated with multiple pathological changes, including hepatocyte steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis. Metabolites crucial mediators that influence extraintestinal organs. Additionally, regulation composition may serve promising therapeutic strategy for This study reviewed potential roles several common metabolites MASLD, emphasizing their impact on mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss current treatments probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplantation. These methods concentrate restoring promote host health.

Язык: Английский

---

Advances in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Gut Dysbiosis‐Related Diseases

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Abstract This article provides an overview of the advancements in application fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) treating diseases related to intestinal dysbiosis. FMT involves transfer healthy donor into patient's body, aiming restore balance and thereby treat a variety such as recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), constipation, short syndrome (SBS), irritable (IBS). While has shown high efficacy treatment rCDI, further research is needed for its other chronic conditions. elaborates on mechanisms dysbiosis, well discusses key factors influencing effectiveness FMT, including selection, recipient characteristics, protocols, methods assessing microbiota. Additionally, it emphasizes successful FMT. Future should focus optimizing process ensure long‐term safety explore potential broader range medical

Язык: Английский

---

Microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms of disease and therapeutic opportunities

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Bile acids as inflammatory mediators and modulators of intestinal permeability

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Bile acids are critical for the digestion and absorption of lipids fat-soluble vitamins; however, evidence continues to emerge supporting additional roles bile as signaling molecules. After they synthesized from cholesterol in liver, primary modified into secondary by gut flora contributing a diverse pool making composition highly sensitive alterations microbiota. Disturbances acid homeostasis have been observed patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). In fact, decrease was shown occur because IBD-associated dysbiosis. Further, increase luminal due malabsorption Crohn's ileitis ileal resection has implicated induction diarrhea exacerbation inflammation. A causal link between intestinal inflammation recently suggested. With respect potential mechanisms related IBD, several studies provided strong direct effects on permeability porcine rodent models well humans. Interestingly, different were exert distinct inflammatory response that require careful consideration. Such findings revealed effect changes relative abundance development IBD. This review summarizes current knowledge about mediators modulators mainly context bowel diseases.

Язык: Английский

---

Inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis: One disease or two?

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 80(1), С. 155 - 168

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2023

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was declared one of the biggest unmet needs in hepatology during International Liver Congress 2016 Berlin. Since then, not much has changed unfortunately, largely due to still elusive pathophysiology disease. One most striking features PSC is its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), majority patients being diagnosed extensive colitis. This review describes epidemiology IBD PSC, specific phenotype, complications and potential pathophysiological mechanisms connecting two diseases. Whether merely an extra-intestinal manifestation or if are distinct diseases that happen share a common susceptibility leads dual phenotype debated. Implications for management together also discussed. Overall, this summarises available data PSC-IBD discusses whether disease(s).

Язык: Английский

---

Predicting metabolomic profiles from microbial composition through neural ordinary differential equations

Nature Machine Intelligence, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(3), С. 284 - 293

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Oral vancomycin is associated with improved inflammatory bowel disease clinical outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis‐associated inflammatory bowel disease (PSC‐IBD): A matched analysis from the Paediatric PSC Consortium

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 59(10), С. 1236 - 1247

Опубликована: Март 10, 2024

Summary Background Data on oral vancomycin for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)‐associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are limited. Aims Using data from the Paediatric PSC Consortium, to examine effect of IBD activity. Methods In this retrospective multi‐centre cohort study, we matched vancomycin‐treated and untreated patients (1:3) based duration at time outcome assessment. The was Physician Global Assessment (PGA) clinical activity after 1 year (±6 months) vancomycin. We used generalised estimating equations (GEE) association between PGA remission, adjusting type, severity medication exposures. Secondary outcomes included serum labs endoscopic remission (global rating no activity) among those with available also analysed GEE. Results 113 PSC‐IBD received (median age 12.7 years, 63% male). 70 210 patients. Vancomycin associated greater odds (odds ratio [OR] 3.52, 95% CI 1.97–6.31; adjusted OR [aOR] 5.24, 2.68–10.22). Benefit maintained in sensitivity analyses restricted non‐transplanted baseline moderate–severe PGA. increased (aOR 2.76, 1.002–7.62; N = 101 data), lower CRP ( p 0.03) higher haemoglobin albumin (both < 0.01). Conclusion remission. Additional, preferably randomised, controlled studies needed characterise efficacy using objective markers mucosal inflammation, safety define optimal dosing.

Язык: Английский

---