Immunotherapeutic Strategies for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(7), С. 1276 - 1276
Опубликована: Март 25, 2024
Despite
decades
of
research
and
the
best
up-to-date
treatments,
grade
4
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
remains
uniformly
fatal
with
a
patient
median
overall
survival
less
than
2
years.
Recent
advances
in
immunotherapy
have
reignited
interest
utilizing
immunological
approaches
to
fight
cancer.
However,
current
immunotherapies
so
far
not
met
anticipated
expectations,
achieving
modest
results
their
journey
from
bench
bedside
for
treatment
GBM.
Understanding
intrinsic
features
GBM
is
crucial
importance
development
effective
antitumoral
strategies
improve
life
expectancy
conditions.
In
this
review,
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
distinctive
characteristics
that
significantly
influence
conventional
therapies
immune-based
approaches.
Moreover,
present
an
immunotherapeutic
currently
undergoing
clinical
evaluation
treatment,
specific
emphasis
on
those
advancing
phase
3
studies.
These
encompass
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
adoptive
T
cell
therapies,
vaccination
(i.e.,
RNA-,
DNA-,
peptide-based
vaccines),
virus-based
Finally,
explore
novel
innovative
future
prospects
field
Язык: Английский
Systemic and local immunosuppression in glioblastoma and its prognostic significance
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
The
effectiveness
of
tumor
therapy,
especially
immunotherapy
and
oncolytic
virotherapy,
critically
depends
on
the
activity
host
immune
cells.
However,
various
local
systemic
mechanisms
immunosuppression
operate
in
cancer
patients.
Tumor-associated
involves
deregulation
many
components
immunity,
including
a
decrease
number
T
lymphocytes
(lymphopenia),
an
increase
levels
or
ratios
circulating
tumor-infiltrating
immunosuppressive
subsets
[e.g.,
macrophages,
microglia,
myeloid-derived
suppressor
cells
(MDSCs),
regulatory
(Tregs)],
as
well
defective
functions
antigen-presenting,
helper
effector
cell
due
to
altered
expression
soluble
membrane
proteins
(receptors,
costimulatory
molecules,
cytokines).
In
this
review,
we
specifically
focus
data
from
patients
with
glioblastoma/glioma
before
standard
chemoradiotherapy.
We
discuss
glioblastoma-related
at
baseline
prognostic
significance
different
(lymphocytes,
CD4+
CD8+
cells,
Tregs,
natural
killer
(NK)
neutrophils,
MDSCs,
dendritic
cells),
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
ratio
(NLR),
landscape
isocitrate
dehydrogenase
(
IDH
)-mutant
gliomas,
proneural,
classical
mesenchymal
molecular
subtypes,
highlight
features
surveillance
brain.
All
attempts
identify
reliable
marker
glioblastoma
tissue
have
led
contradictory
results,
which
can
be
explained,
among
other
things,
by
unprecedented
level
spatial
heterogeneity
infiltrate
significant
phenotypic
diversity
(dys)functional
states
subpopulations.
High
NLR
is
one
most
repeatedly
confirmed
independent
factors
for
shorter
overall
survival
carcinoma,
its
combination
markers
response
inflammation
significantly
improves
accuracy
prediction;
however,
more
prospective
studies
are
needed
confirm
prognostic/predictive
power
NLR.
call
inclusion
dynamic
assessment
blood
inflammatory
(e.g.,
absolute/total
lymphocyte
count,
platelet-to-lymphocyte
ratio,
lymphocyte-to-monocyte
immune-inflammation
index,
index)
all
neuro-oncology
rigorous
evaluation
comparison
their
individual
combinatorial
relative
superiority.
Язык: Английский
GBM immunotherapy: Exploring molecular and clinical frontiers
Life Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
356, С. 123018 - 123018
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024
Язык: Английский
Radiation-Induced Brain Injury with Special Reference to Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(3)
Опубликована: Март 21, 2025
Radiotherapy
is
one
of
the
primary
modalities
for
oncologic
treatment
and
has
been
utilized
at
least
once
in
over
half
newly
diagnosed
cancer
patients.
Cranial
radiotherapy
significantly
enhanced
long-term
survival
rates
patients
with
brain
tumors.
However,
radiation-induced
injury,
particularly
hippocampal
neuronal
damage
along
impairment
neurogenesis,
inflammation,
gliosis,
adversely
affects
quality
life
these
Astrocytes,
a
type
glial
cell
that
are
abundant
brain,
play
essential
roles
maintaining
homeostasis
function.
Despite
their
importance,
pathophysiological
changes
astrocytes
induced
by
radiation
have
not
thoroughly
investigated,
no
systematic
or
comprehensive
review
addressing
effects
on
related
diseases
conducted.
In
this
paper,
we
current
studies
neurophysiological
following
exposure.
We
describe
astrocytes,
including
astrogliosis,
astrosenescence,
associated
cellular
molecular
mechanisms.
Additionally,
summarize
impairments
neurogenesis
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB).
Based
research,
propose
may
serve
as
potential
therapeutic
targets
treating
injury
(RIBI)
subsequent
neurological
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Язык: Английский
Pediatric brain tumor patients display altered immune activation and reduced lymphopoiesis at the onset of disease
npj Precision Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024
Optimal
immune
function
is
crucial
in
preventing
cancer
development
and
growth
for
the
success
of
anti-cancer
therapies.
Here,
we
characterized
peripheral
immunological
status
83
steroids-naïve
pediatric
patients
with
central
nervous
system
neoplasia
at
disease
onset.
Tumors
were
classified
into
low-grade
gliomas
(LGG),
high-grade
(HGG),
medulloblastoma,
other
tumors.
We
revealed
that
glioma
showed
an
altered
lymphocyte
pool.
T-cells
HGG
shifted
from
naïve
to
effector
memory
phenotype.
LGG
exhibited
T-cell
expansion
higher
activation.
Interestingly,
displayed
reduced
thymic
function.
Furthermore,
activated
B-cells
suboptimal
B-cell
formation.
Our
data
demonstrate
have
lymphopoiesis
onset,
which
could
contribute
systemic
lymphopenia
characterizing
these
patients.
This
study
offers
novel
insights
brain
tumor
may
help
designing
more
effective
treatments.
Язык: Английский
Nanoparticle-Based Approaches in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Tumors
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(23), С. 7449 - 7449
Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2024
Glioblastomas
are
highly
invasive
brain
tumors
among
perilous
diseases.
They
characterized
by
their
fast
proliferation
and
delayed
detection
that
render
them
a
significant
focal
point
for
medical
research
endeavors
within
the
realm
of
cancer.
Among
glioblastomas,
Язык: Английский
Neoadjuvant Clinical Trials in Adults with Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Glioma: A Systematic Review
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 104596 - 104596
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Understanding the Immune System and Biospecimen-Based Response in Glioblastoma: A Practical Guide to Utilizing Signal Redundancy for Biomarker and Immune Signature Discovery
Current Oncology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
32(1), С. 16 - 16
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
is
a
primary
central
nervous
system
malignancy
with
median
survival
of
15–20
months.
The
presence
both
intra-
and
intertumoral
heterogeneity
limits
understanding
biological
mechanisms
leading
to
tumor
resistance,
including
immune
escape.
An
attractive
field
research
examine
treatment
resistance
are
signatures
composed
cluster
differentiation
(CD)
markers
cytokines.
CD
surface
expressed
on
various
cells
throughout
the
body,
often
associated
cells.
Cytokines
effector
molecules
system.
Together,
cytokines
can
serve
as
useful
biomarkers
reflect
status
in
patients
GBM.
However,
there
gaps
intricate
interactions
between
GBM
peripheral
how
these
change
standard
immune-modulating
treatments.
key
true
nature
through
multi-omic
analysis
progression
response.
This
review
aims
identify
potential
non-invasive
blood-based
that
contribute
an
signature
approaches,
better
involvement
Язык: Английский