Molecular signatures reveal intra-species divergence, undetectable by traditional morphology, in the deadly box jellyfish, Chironex yamaguchii (Cubozoa; Chirodropidae) of Western Pacific

Regional Studies in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104033 - 104033

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Systematic Distribution of Bioluminescence in Marine Animals: A Species-Level Inventory

Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 432 - 432

Опубликована: Март 24, 2024

Bioluminescence is the production of visible light by an organism. This phenomenon particularly widespread in marine animals, especially deep sea. While luminescent status numerous animals has been recently clarified thanks to advancements deep-sea exploration technologies and phylogenetics, that others become more obscure due dramatic changes systematics (themselves triggered molecular phylogenies). Here, we combined a comprehensive literature review with unpublished data establish catalogue animals. Inventoried were identified species level over 97% cases associated score reflecting robustness their luminescence record. capability established 695 genera reports from 99 additional need further confirmation. Altogether, these potentially encompass 9405 species, which 2781 are luminescent, 136 (e.g., suggested those needs confirmation), non-luminescent, 6389 have unknown status. Comparative analyses reveal new insights into occurrence among animal groups highlight promising research areas. work will provide solid foundation for future studies related field bioluminescence.

Язык: Английский

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Ocean Species Discoveries 1–12 — A primer for accelerating marine invertebrate taxonomy

Biodiversity Data Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Discoveries of new species often depend on one or a few specimens, leading to delays as researchers wait for additional context, sometimes decades. There is currently little professional incentive single expert publish stand-alone description. Additionally, while many journals accept taxonomic descriptions, even specialist expect insights beyond the descriptive work itself. The combination these factors exacerbates issue that only small fraction marine are known and discoveries described at slow pace, they face increasing threats from accelerating global change. To tackle this challenge, first compilation

Язык: Английский

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Immunomodulatory Compounds from the Sea: From the Origins to a Modern Marine Pharmacopoeia

Marine Drugs, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(7), С. 304 - 304

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

From sea shores to the abysses of deep ocean, marine ecosystems have provided humanity with valuable medicinal resources. The use organisms is discussed in ancient pharmacopoeias different times and geographic regions still deeply rooted traditional medicine. Thanks present-day, large-scale bioprospecting rigorous screening for bioactive metabolites, ocean coming back as an untapped resource natural compounds therapeutic potential. This renewed interest drugs propelled by a burgeoning research field investigating molecular mechanisms which newly identified intervene pathophysiology human diseases. Of great clinical relevance are molecules endowed anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties emerging applications management chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, cancer. Here, we review historical development pharmacology Eastern Western worlds describe status drug discovery. Finally, discuss importance conducting sustainable exploitation resources through biotechnology.

Язык: Английский

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Recommendations on bioacoustical metrics relevant for regulating exposure to anthropogenic underwater sound

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 156(4), С. 2508 - 2526

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Metrics to be used in noise impact assessment must integrate the physical acoustic characteristics of sound field with relevant biology animals. Several metrics have been established determine and regulate underwater exposure aquatic fauna. However, recent advances understanding cause-effect relationships indicate that additional are needed fully describe quantify fields on Existing regulations primarily focused marine mammals based dichotomy types as being either impulsive or non-impulsive. This classification types, however, is overly simplistic insufficient for adequate assessments It recommended definition impulsiveness refined by incorporating kurtosis an parameter applying appropriate conversion factor. Auditory frequency weighting functions, which scale importance particular frequencies account animal's sensitivity those frequencies, should applied. Minimum phase filters calculating weighted pressure. Temporal observation windows reported signal duration influences its detectability Acknowledging auditory integration time differs across species dependent, standardized temporal proposed various types.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerating ocean species discovery and laying the foundations for the future of marine biodiversity research and monitoring

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Ocean Census is a new Large-Scale Strategic Science Mission aimed at accelerating the discovery and description of marine species. This mission addresses knowledge gap diversity distribution life whereby an estimated 1 million to 2 species between 75% 90% remain undescribed date. Without improved biodiversity, tackling decline eventual extinction many will not be possible. The biota has evolved over 4 billion years includes branches tree that do exist on land or in freshwater. Understanding what ocean where it lives fundamental science, which required understand how works, direct indirect benefits provides society human impacts can reduced managed ensure ecosystems healthy. We describe strategy accelerate rate by: 1) employing consistent standards for digitisation data broaden access biodiversity enabling cybertaxonomy; 2) establishing working practices adopting advanced technologies taxonomy; 3) building capacity stakeholders undertake taxonomic research development, especially targeted low- middle-income countries (LMICs) so they better assess manage their waters contribute global knowledge; 4) increasing observational coverage dedicated expeditions. Census, conceived as open network scientists anchored by Biodiversity Centres developed LMICs. Through collaborative approach, including co-production science with LMICs, funding partners, focus grow current efforts discover globally, permanently transform our ability document, safeguard

Язык: Английский

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Inferring Taxonomic Affinities and Genetic Distances Using Morphological Features Extracted from Specimen Images: a Case Study with a Bivalve dataset

Systematic Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Abstract Reconstructing the tree of life and understanding relationships taxa are core questions in evolutionary systematic biology. The main advances this field last decades were derived from molecular phylogenetics; however, for most species, data not available. Here, we explore applicability 2 deep learning methods—supervised classification approaches unsupervised similarity learning—to infer organism specimen images. As a basis, assembled an image set covering 4144 bivalve species belonging to 74 families across all orders subclasses extant Bivalvia, with phylogenetic being available complete taxonomic hierarchy species. suitability experiments was evidenced by ablation study resulting almost 80% accuracy identifications on level. Three sets performed using our set. First, included genetic distances supervised approach obtain predictions several levels simultaneously. stimulated model consider features shared between closely related be more critical their than distantly taxa, imprinting affinities into architecture training procedure. Second, used transfer zero-shot identify higher-level test that models had been trained on. assigned unknown respective genera approximately 48% 67% accuracy. Lastly, relatedness images without prior knowledge or affinities. results clearly showed similarities visual appearance at higher levels. correlation 0.6 species-rich subclass (Imparidentia), ranging 0.5 0.7 Overall, family level 0.78. However, fine-grained reconstructions based these observed correlations, such as sister–taxa relationships, require further work. broaden automated taxon identification systems provide new avenue estimating

Язык: Английский

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Marine Microorganism Molecules as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutics

Marine Drugs, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(9), С. 405 - 405

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024

The marine environment represents a formidable source of biodiversity, is still largely unexplored, and has high pharmacological potential. Indeed, several bioactive natural products (MNPs), including immunomodulators, have been identified in the past decades. Here, we review how this reservoir molecules could be mobilized to develop novel anti-inflammatory compounds specially produced by or derived from microorganisms. After detailed description MNPs exerting immunomodulatory potential their biological target, will briefly discuss challenges associated with discovering

Язык: Английский

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Marine ecozones represent a major gap in Canadian DNA barcoding efforts

FACETS, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Because of Canada’s large size, it is impractical to obtain a comprehensive perspective on biotic change through morphological approaches. DNA metabarcoding offers potential path, but its application requires access well-parameterized barcode reference library. This study presents the current state coverage for Canadian animals, highlighting progress, identifying gaps, and providing recommendations future research. Our analysis indicates that many known species (100 000 terrestrial 6000 marine) in fauna possess coverage, there are important gaps geographically taxonomically. We summarize freshwater, marine, environments by ecoregion, finding 95.6% 2.3 million records derive from ecosystems. Although density per 100 km² 13x higher than aquatic (22.4 vs. 1.7), 58% marine available (54% annelids, 52% arthropods, 88% chordates, 39% echinoderms, 46% molluscs). By revealing data-deficient areas taxonomic groups, this roadmap expanding library as an essential foundation scalable biosurveillance initiatives inform biodiversity conservation efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Beauty in the beast – Placozoan biodiversity explored through molluscan predator genomics

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract The marine animal phylum Placozoa is characterized by a poorly explored cryptic biodiversity combined with very limited knowledge of their ecology. While placozoans are typically found as part the epibenthos coastal waters, known placozoan predators, namely small, shell‐less sea slugs belonging to family Rhodopidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia), inhabit interstitium seafloor sediment. In order gain further insights into this predator–prey relationship and expand our understanding ecological niches, we screened publicly available whole‐body metagenomic data from two rhodopid specimens collected sediments. Our analysis not only revealed signatures three previously unknown lineages in these slug samples but also enabled assembly complete partial mitochondrial chromosomes four described genera, substantially extending picture biodiversity. findings refine molecular phylogeny Placozoa, corroborate recently established taxonomic ranks phylum, provide support that clades should be referred genera. We finally discuss main finding study – presence floor sediment context ecological, biological, natural history implications.

Язык: Английский

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