Fueling Gut Microbes: A Review of the Interaction between Diet, Exercise, and the Gut Microbiota in Athletes

Advances in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(6), С. 2190 - 2215

Опубликована: Май 28, 2021

The athlete's goal is to optimize their performance. Towards this end, nutrition has been used improve the health of athletes' brains, bones, muscles, and cardiovascular system. However, recent research suggests that gut its resident microbiota may also play a role in athlete Therefore, athletes should consider dietary strategies context potential effects on microbiota, including impact sports-centric (e.g., protein supplements, carbohydrate loading) as well gut-centric probiotics, prebiotics) This review provides an overview interaction between diet, exercise, focusing both athletic Current evidence could, theory, contribute intake performance by influencing microbial metabolite production, gastrointestinal physiology, immune modulation. Common such high simple intake, low fiber food avoidance adversely and, turn, Conversely, adequate fiber, variety sources, emphasis unsaturated fats, especially omega-3 (ɷ-3) fatty acids, addition consumption prebiotics, synbiotics, have shown promising results optimizing Ultimately, while emerging area research, more studies are needed incorporate, control, manipulate all 3 these elements (i.e., microbiome) provide recommendations for how "fuel microbes."

Язык: Английский

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The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(2), С. 361 - 361

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021

The microbiota–gut–brain axis plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria can influence brain immune system function by production lipopolysaccharides amyloid. Dysbiosis intestinal microbiome induces local consecutively systemic immune-mediated inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines then trigger neuroinflammation finally neurodegeneration. Immune-mediated oxidative stress lead to a deficiency vitamins essential micronutrients. Furthermore, wrong composition gut microbiota might impair intake metabolization nutrients. In patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) significant alterations have been demonstrated. Standard Western diet, infections, decreased physical activity chronic impact diversity microbiota. A higher abundancy “pro-inflammatory” goes along enhanced inflammation neuroinflammatory processes. Thus, AD beginning is closely related imbalance Modulation Mediterranean probiotics curcumin slow down cognitive decline alter significantly. multi-domain intervention approach addressing underlying causes (inflammation, metabolic like insulin resistance nutrient deficiency, stress) appears very promising reduce or even reverse exerting positive effects on

Язык: Английский

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Use of Short-Chain Fatty Acids for the Recovery of the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Affected by Bacterial Toxins

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Май 24, 2021

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are carboxylic produced as a result of gut microbial anaerobic fermentation. They activate signaling cascades, acting ligands G-protein-coupled receptors, such GPR41, GPR43, and GPR109A, that can modulate the inflammatory response increase intestinal barrier integrity by enhancing tight junction proteins functions. These junctions, located in most apical zone epithelial cells, control diffusion ions, macromolecules, entry microorganisms from lumen into tissues. In this sense, several enteric pathogens secrete diverse toxins interrupt impermeability, allowing them to invade tissue favor gastrointestinal colonization. It has been recently demonstrated SCFAs inhibit virulence different have protective effects against bacterial Here, we present an overview production microbiota their on recovery during infections affect junctions. properties make excellent candidates treatment infectious diseases cause damage epithelium.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotic consumption relieved human stress and anxiety symptoms possibly via modulating the neuroactive potential of the gut microbiota

Neurobiology of Stress, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14, С. 100294 - 100294

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2021

Stress has been shown to disturb the balance of human intestinal microbiota and subsequently causes mental health problems like anxiety depression. Our previous study showed that ingesting probiotic strain, Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum P-8, for 12 weeks could alleviate stress stressed adults. The current was a follow-up work aiming investigate functional role gut metagenomes in observed beneficial effects. fecal (n = 43) placebo 36) receivers were analyzed depth. microbiomes group at 0 significantly greater Aitchison distance (P < 0.001) compared with group. Meanwhile, Shannon diversity index 0.05) but not decreased week 12. Additionally, more species-level genome bins (SGBs) Bifidobacterium adolescentis, longum, Fecalibacterium prausnitzii 0.01) identified group, while abundances SGBs representing species Roseburia faecis Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans 0.05). Furthermore, 12-week supplementation enhanced neurotransmitter-synthesizing/consuming levels some predicted microbial neuroactive metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, gamma-aminobutyric acid, arachidonic sphingomyelin). results potential link between probiotic-induced modulation stress/anxiety alleviation adults, supporting gut-brain axis involved relieving stress-related symptoms. effect relied only on changes importantly metagenome modulations SGB gene levels.

Язык: Английский

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Captivity and Animal Microbiomes: Potential Roles of Microbiota for Influencing Animal Conservation

Microbial Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 85(3), С. 820 - 838

Опубликована: Март 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Research advance about plant polysaccharide prebiotics, benefit for probiotics on gut homeostasis modulation

Food Bioscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 59, С. 103831 - 103831

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin B12 produced by gut bacteria modulates cholinergic signalling

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(1), С. 72 - 85

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Profound Influence of Gut Microbiome and Extracellular Vesicles on Animal Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(7), С. 4024 - 4024

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

The animal gut microbiota, comprising a diverse array of microorganisms, plays pivotal role in shaping host health and physiology. This review explores the intricate dynamics microbiome animals, focusing on its composition, function, impact host–microbe interactions. composition intestinal microbiota animals is influenced by ecology, including factors such as temperature, pH, oxygen levels, nutrient availability, well genetic makeup, diet, habitat, stressors, husbandry practices. Dysbiosis can lead to various gastrointestinal immune-related issues impacting overall productivity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes derived from play crucial intercellular communication, influencing transporting bioactive molecules across barriers like brain barriers. Dysregulation gut–brain axis has implications for disorders highlighting potential microbiota-derived EVs disease progression. Therapeutic approaches modulate probiotics, prebiotics, microbial transplants, phage therapy, offer promising strategies enhancing performance. Studies investigating effects therapy have shown results, with improving food safety poultry production systems. Understanding complex interactions between provides valuable insights into mechanisms underlying their Further research this field essential developing effective therapeutic interventions management promote well-being animals.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: microbial modulation and therapeutic prospects

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Intestinal in vitro and ex vivo Models to Study Host-Microbiome Interactions and Acute Stressors

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2018

The gut microbiome is extremely important for maintaining homeostasis with host intestinal epithelial, neuronal, and immune cells this host-microbe interaction critical during times of stress or disease. Environmental, nutritional, cognitive are just a few factors known to influence the microbiota thought induce microbial dysbiosis. Research on bidirectional relationship as it pertains health disease extensive rapidly expanding in both vivo vitro/ex models. However, far less work has been devoted studying effects interactions acute stressors performance, underlying mechanisms, modulatory different microbiome. Additionally, use models study human performance not researched extensively nor reviewed. Therefore, review aims examine current evidence concerning status vitro ex models, impact physiology/microbiota well potential impacts how we can parlay information DoD relevance broader scientific community. Models reviewed include widely utilized cell from animal that have applied past microbiology research organ/tissue culture new innovative including organ-on-a-chip co-culture

Язык: Английский

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