The emerging role of the gut microbiota and its application in inflammatory bowel disease

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 179, С. 117302 - 117302

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's and ulcerative colitis, is a complex disorder with an unknown cause. However, the dysbiosis of gut microbiome has been found to play role in IBD etiology, exacerbated immune responses defective intestinal barrier integrity. The can also be potential biomarker for several diseases, IBD. Currently, conventional treatments targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines pathways IBD-associated do not yield effective results. Other therapies that directly target dysbiotic outcomes are emerging. We review health its as diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic This explores emerging advancements microbiome-associated alterations IBD, such nanoparticle or encapsulation delivery, fecal microbiota transplantation, nutritional therapies, microbiome/probiotic engineering, phage therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), proteins, herbal formulas.

Язык: Английский

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Enteric Nervous System Alterations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Perspectives and Implications

Gastrointestinal Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(2), С. 368 - 379

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

The enteric nervous system (ENS), consisting of neurons and glial cells, is situated along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract’s wall plays a crucial role in coordinating digestive processes. Recent research suggests that optimal functioning GI relies on intricate connections between ENS, intestinal epithelium, immune system, microbiome, central (CNS). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses group chronic inflammatory disorders, such as Crohn’s (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by recurring inflammation damage to tract. This review explores emerging dynamic field IBD sheds light potential ENS alterations both etiology management IBD. Specifically, we delve into IBD-induced cell (EGC) activation its implications for persistent gliosis, elucidating how this disrupts function through gut–brain axis (GBA). Additionally, examine IBD-associated alterations, focusing EGC senescence acquisition senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We highlight pivotal these changes recurrence Finally, discuss therapeutic interventions involving senotherapeutic agents, providing insights avenues managing targeting ENS-related mechanisms. approach might represent alternative advance treatment multifaceted disease.

Язык: Английский

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High Altitude Microbiome: Insight into Yak Gut Microbiota and its Nutritional and Functional Involvement for Food Systems

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104897 - 104897

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A blood-based liquid biopsy analyzing soluble immune checkpoints and cytokines identifies distinct neuroendocrine tumors

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise a group of rare tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells, which are present in both endocrine glands and scattered throughout the body. Due to their scarcity absence specific markers, diagnosing NENs remains complex challenge. Therefore, new biomarkers required, ideally, easy-to-obtain blood samples. A panel soluble immune checkpoints (sPD-L1, sPD-L2, sPD-1, sCD25, sTIM3, sLAG3, Galectin-9, sCD27, sB7.2 sSIGLEC5) cytokines (IL4, IL6, IP10 MCP1) was quantified cohort 139 NENs, including 29 pituitary 46 pheochromocytomas paragangliomas, 67 gastroenteropancreatic pulmonary (GEPP) as well 64 healthy volunteers (HVs). The potential these circulating immunological parameters distinguish HVs, differentiate among various subtypes, predict prognosis evaluated using mathematical regression models. These factors-based models generated scores that were by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Area Under Curve (AUC) analyses. Correlations between clinical data performed. From analyses, minimal signature emerged, comprising five shared factors across models: Galectin-9. This refined evaluated, validated, checked for specificity against non-neuroendocrine tumors, demonstrating its clinically relevant tool identifying distinct NENs. Most analyzed showed expression patterns different Scores based on signatures identified with high efficiency, showing AUCs ranging 0.948 0.993 depending comparison, accuracies 92.52% 95.74%. illustrated biological features similarity divergence gastrointestinal correlated features. Furthermore, demonstrated strong performance distinguishing metastatic exitus GEPP achieving sensitivities specificities 80.95% 88.89%. Additionally, an easy-to-implement successfully all AUC values exceeding 0.900, 84.11% 93.12%, internally validated discovery validation randomization strategy. findings highlight effectiveness accurately differentiating analysis presents promising liquid biopsy approach delivering critical insights diagnosis. study serves proof-of-concept innovative holds transform management malignancies, providing non-invasive effective method early detection disease monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of Antibiotic Therapy on Intestinal Microbiota: Dysbiosis, Antibiotic Resistance, and Restoration Strategies

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 371 - 371

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

The human gut microbiota—an intricate and dynamic ecosystem—plays a pivotal role in metabolic regulation, immune modulation, the maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. Although antibiotic therapy is indispensable for managing bacterial infections, it profoundly disrupts microbial communities. Such dysbiosis typified by diminished diversity shifts community structure, especially among beneficial genera (e.g., Bifidobacterium Eubacterium), fosters antibiotic-resistant strains horizontal transfer resistance genes. These alterations compromise colonization resistance, increase permeability, amplify susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens like Clostridioides difficile. Beyond gastrointestinal disorders, emerging evidence associates with systemic conditions, including chronic inflammation, syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring relevance microbiota–gut–brain axis. recovery pre-existing communities post-antibiotic highly variable, influenced drug spectrum, dosage, treatment duration. Innovative interventions—such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, synbiotics, precision microbiome therapeutics—have shown promise counteracting mitigating its adverse effects. therapies align closely stewardship programs aimed at minimizing unnecessary use preserve curtail spread multidrug-resistant organisms. This review emphasizes pressing need microbiota-centered strategies optimize administration, promote long-term health resilience, alleviate disease burden associated antibiotic-induced dysbiosis.

Язык: Английский

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Fecal microbiota and metabolites in the pathogenesis and precision medicine for inflammatory bowel disease

Precision Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(3)

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, and its pathogenesis believed to be associated with an imbalance between commensal organisms intestinal immune system. This significantly influenced by microbiota metabolites plays critical role in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. However, disturbances cause dysregulated responses consequently induce inflammation. Recent studies have illustrated roles IBD underscored potential precision diagnosis therapy. work summarises recent progress this field particularly focuses on application diagnosis, prognosis assessment, treatment effectiveness evaluation, therapeutic management IBD.

Язык: Английский

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Key roles of milk-derived extracellular vesicles in intestinal tract, with special emphasis on microRNAs in extracellular vesicles

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 23

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Studies have indicated that milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) are resistant to both the enzymatic activity of digestive enzymes and acidic conditions common in gastrointestinal tract. Thus, intestinal tract efficiently absorbs uses these EVs. There is mounting evidence recent years microRNAs (miRNAs) found EVs derived from essential for prebiotic effect through target gene regulation. In this paper, we summarized sources, biosynthetic processes, cargos, factors affecting milk-derived Furthermore, with particular attention potential communication mechanism cell receptors, including recognizing binding surface receptor cells, internalization uptake, cargos acting on cells. Especially, also explored role several aspects health, such as immunological homeostasis, barrier, injury, inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, malignancy, harm other organs connected intestine. We expected use or miRNAs new dietary additives functional regulatory factors. future, will gain more knowledge about substantial impact human intestines health-related matters.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Potential Therapeutic Agents in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1), С. 90 - 90

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2023

Patients affected by inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can nowadays benefit from a growing number of pharmacological options. However, in moderate-to-severe cases, the therapeutic response is still far optimal, and treatment changes optimizations are often required. Thus, researchers this field strongly engaged studies aiming to identify new potential targets. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) tiny subcellular bodies with phospholipid bilayer envelope containing bioactive molecules, which released different cells involved intercellular communication. Recent pre-clinical data show their emerging role pathogenesis IBD. In our review, we summarize current evidence about function EVs as active agents ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease, analyzing properties derived cellular sources mechanisms through they may improve intestinal inflammation.

Язык: Английский

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Avancées dans le diagnostic biologique des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin

Revue Francophone des Laboratoires, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(562), С. 58 - 64

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

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Eurotium-Cristatum fermented black tea alleviates ulcerative colitis through the PPARγ-NF-κB signaling axis

Food Research International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 200, С. 115436 - 115436

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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