Cognition and Memory after Covid-19 in a Large Community Sample

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 390(9), С. 806 - 818

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

BackgroundCognitive symptoms after coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are well-recognized. Whether objectively measurable cognitive deficits exist and how long they persist unclear.MethodsWe invited 800,000 adults in a study England to complete an online assessment of function. We estimated global score across eight tasks. hypothesized that participants with persistent (lasting ≥12 weeks) infection onset would have impairments executive functioning memory be observed such participants, especially those who reported recent poor or difficulty thinking concentrating ("brain fog").ResultsOf 141,583 started assessment, 112,964 completed it. In multiple regression analysis, had recovered from Covid-19 whom resolved less than 4 weeks at least 12 similar small cognition as compared no–Covid-19 group, not been infected SARS-CoV-2 unconfirmed (−0.23 SD [95% confidence interval {CI}, −0.33 −0.13] −0.24 CI, −0.36 −0.12], respectively); larger group were seen unresolved (−0.42 SD; 95% −0.53 −0.31). Larger during periods which original virus B.1.1.7 variant was predominant later variants (e.g., −0.17 for vs. B.1.1.529 variant; −0.20 −0.13) hospitalized intensive care unit admission, −0.35 −0.49 −0.20). Results analyses propensity-score–matching analyses. comparison memory, reasoning, function tasks associated largest (−0.33 SD); these correlated weakly symptoms, including brain fog. No adverse events reported.ConclusionsParticipants measured shorter-duration although short-duration still recovery. Longer-term persistence any clinical implications remain uncertain. (Funded National Institute Health Care Research others.)

Язык: Английский

---

Cortical Grey matter volume depletion links to neurological sequelae in post COVID-19 “long haulers”

BMC Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with neurological sequelae even in those patients mild respiratory symptoms. Patients experiencing cognitive symptoms such as "brain fog" and other neurologic for 8 or more weeks define "long haulers". There is limited information regarding damage to grey matter (GM) structures occurring Advanced imaging techniques can quantify brain volume depletions related infection which important conventional Brain MRI often fails identify disease correlates. 3-dimensional voxel-based morphometry (3D VBM) analyzes, segments quantifies key volumes allowing comparisons between haulers" normative data drawn from healthy controls, values based on percentages of intracranial volume.This a retrospective single center study analyzed 24 consecutive infected long term Each patient underwent 3D VBM at median time 85 days following laboratory confirmation. All had relatively not requiring oxygen supplementation, hospitalization, assisted ventilation. was obtained whole forebrain parenchyma, cortical (CGM), hippocampus, thalamus.The results demonstrate statistically significant depletion CGM patients. Reduced likely influences their may impair post patient's quality life productivity.This contributes understanding effects neurocognitive function, potential producing serious personal economic consequences, ongoing challenges public health systems.

Язык: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 and XBB variants have increased neurotropic potential over BA.1 in K18-hACE2 mice and human brain organoids

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

The reduced pathogenicity of the omicron BA.1 sub-lineage compared to earlier variants is well described, although whether such attenuation retained for later like BA.5 and XBB remains controversial. We show that isolates were significantly more pathogenic in K18-hACE2 mice than a isolate, showing increased neurotropic potential, resulting fulminant brain infection mortality, similar seen original ancestral isolates. also infected human cortical organoids greater extent In brains mice, neurons main target infection, neuronal progenitor cells immature infected. results herein suggest evolving may have increasing potential.

Язык: Английский

---

Characteristic functional connectome related to Post-COVID-19 syndrome

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Abstract Post-COVID-19 syndrome is a serious complication following SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized primarily by fatigue and cognitive complaints. Although first metabolic structural imaging alterations in have been identified, their functional consequences remain unknown. Thus, we explored the impact of on connectome brain providing deeper understanding pathophysiological mechanisms. In cross-sectional observational study, resting-state magnetic resonance data 66 patients with after mild infection (mean age 42.3 years, 57 female) healthy controls 42.1 38 mean time seven months acute COVID-19 were analysed using graph theoretical approach. Network features quantified measures including distance, nodal degree, betweenness Katz centrality, compared between both groups. Graph correlated clinical quantifying fatigue, function, affective symptoms sleep disturbances. Alterations mainly found brainstem, olfactory cortex, cingulate thalamus cerebellum average infection. Additionally, strong correlations severity, functioning daytime sleepiness from scales observed. Our study confirms relevance changes as mediating factors for persistent improves our understanding.

Язык: Английский

---

Cortical thickness alterations and systemic inflammation define long-COVID patients with cognitive impairment

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 116, С. 175 - 184

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023

As the heterogeneity of symptoms is increasingly recognized among long-COVID patients, it appears highly relevant to study potential pathophysiological differences along different subtypes. Preliminary evidence suggests distinct alterations in brain structure and systemic inflammatory patterns specific groups patients. To this end, we analyzed cortical thickness peripheral immune signature between clinical subgroups based on 3 T-MRI scans markers n = 120 participants comprising healthy never-infected controls (n 30), COVID-19 survivors 29), patients with 26) without 35) cognitive impairment according screening Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Whole-brain comparison 4 was conducted by surface-based morphometry. We identified areas showing a progressive increase across groups, starting from individuals who had never been infected COVID-19, followed survivors, deficits (MoCA ≥ 26), finally, exhibiting significant < 26). These findings highlight continuum associated more pronounced changes observed experiencing (p 0.05, FWE-corrected). Affected regions covered prefrontal temporal gyri, insula, posterior cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus, parietal areas. Additionally, discovered immunophenotype, elevated levels IL-10, IFNγ, sTREM2 especially group suffering impairment. demonstrate lingering immunological impaired survivors. This implies complex underlying pathomechanism emphasizes necessity investigate whole spectrum post-COVID biology determine targeted treatment strategies targeting sub-groups.

Язык: Английский

---

Brain microstructure and connectivity in COVID-19 patients with olfactory or cognitive impairment

NeuroImage Clinical, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43, С. 103631 - 103631

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions worldwide, causing mortality and multi-organ morbidity. Neurological complications have been recognized. This study aimed to assess brain structural, microstructural, connectivity alterations in patients with COVID-19-related olfactory or cognitive impairment using post-acute (time from onset: 264[208-313] days) multi-directional diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI).

Язык: Английский

---

COVID-19 related cognitive, structural and functional brain changes among Italian adolescents and young adults: a multimodal longitudinal case-control study

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Brain Volume Changes after COVID-19 Compared to Healthy Controls by Artificial Intelligence-Based MRI Volumetry

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(10), С. 1716 - 1716

Опубликована: Май 12, 2023

Cohort studies that quantify volumetric brain data among individuals with different levels of COVID-19 severity are presently limited. It is still uncertain whether there exists a potential correlation between disease and the effects on integrity. Our objective was to assess impact measured volume in patients asymptomatic/mild severe after recovery from infection, compared healthy controls, using artificial intelligence (AI)-based MRI volumetry. A total 155 participants were prospectively enrolled this IRB-approved analysis three cohorts mild course (n = 51, MILD), hospitalised 48, SEV), controls 56, CTL) all undergoing standardised protocol brain. Automated AI-based determination various volumes mL calculation normalised percentiles performed mdbrain software, 3D T1-weighted magnetisation-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence. The automatically analysed for differences groups. estimated influence demographic/clinical variables determined multivariate analysis. There statistically significant regions groups, even exclusion intensive care, reductions patients, which increased (SEV > MILD mainly affected supratentorial grey matter, frontal parietal lobes, right thalamus. Severe addition established demographic parameters such as age sex, predictor loss upon In conclusion, neocortical degeneration detected who had recovered SARS-CoV-2 infection worsening greater initial affecting fronto-parietal thalamus, regardless ICU treatment. This suggests direct link subsequent atrophy, may have major implications clinical management future cognitive rehabilitation strategies.

Язык: Английский

---

Reduced Cortical Thickness Correlates of Cognitive Dysfunction in Post-COVID-19 Condition: Insights from a Long-Term Follow-up

American Journal of Neuroradiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 45(5), С. 647 - 654

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

There is a paucity of data on long-term neuroimaging findings from individuals who have developed the post-coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) condition. Only 2 studies investigated correlations between cognitive assessment results and structural MR imaging in this population. This study aimed to elucidate outcomes participants with post-COVID-19 condition correlate these

MATERIALS METHODS:

A cohort 53 underwent 3T brain T1 FLAIR sequences obtained median 1.8 years after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. comprehensive neuropsychological battery was used assess several domains same individuals. Correlations whole-brain voxel-based morphometry were performed. Different ROIs FreeSurfer perform other features.

RESULTS:

According Frascati criteria, more than one-half had deficits attentional (55%, n = 29) executive (59%, 31) domains, while 40% (n 21) impairment memory domain. 1 participant (1.89%) showed problems visuospatial visuoconstructive domains. We observed that reduced cortical thickness left parahippocampal region (t(48) 2.28, P = .03) right caudal-middle-frontal 2.20, positively correlated

CONCLUSIONS:

Our suggest associated alterations structure brain. These macrostructural changes may provide insight into nature symptoms.

Язык: Английский

---

Neuroinflammation in Post COVID‐19 Sequelae: Neuroinvasion and Neuroimmune Crosstalk

Reviews in Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(6)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Abstract The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in December 2019 triggered a swift global spread, leading to devastating pandemic. Alarmingly, approximately one four individuals diagnosed with disease (COVID‐19) experience varying degrees cognitive impairment, raising concerns about potential increase neurological sequelae cases. Neuroinflammation seems be the key pathophysiological hallmark linking mild COVID‐19 fatigue, and patients, highlighting interaction between nervous immune systems following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Several hypotheses have been proposed explain how virus disrupts physiological pathways trigger inflammation within CNS, potentially neuronal damage. These include neuroinvasion, systemic inflammation, disruption lung gut‐brain axes, reactivation latent viruses. This review explores origins neuroinflammation underlying neuroimmune cross‐talk, important unanswered questions field. Addressing these fundamental issues could enhance our understanding virus's impact on CNS inform strategies mitigate its detrimental effects.

Язык: Английский

---