Breathe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(3), С. 240044 - 240044
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Advancements in immunotherapy the perioperative setting have revolutionised treatment of resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we present methodology and results clinical trial CheckMate 816 demonstrating benefit neoadjuvant therapy with nivolumab plus chemotherapy compared alone. Furthermore, this article discusses implications for future practice NSCLC need research.
Язык: Английский
Virchows Archiv, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 484(2), С. 233 - 246
Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2023
Abstract The continuing evolution of treatment options in thoracic oncology requires the pathologist to regularly update diagnostic algorithms for management tumor samples. It is essential decide on best way use tissue biopsies, cytological samples, as well liquid biopsies identify different mandatory predictive biomarkers lung cancers a short turnaround time. However, biological resources and laboratory member workforce are limited may be not sufficient increased complexity molecular pathological analyses complementary translational research development. In this context, surgical only one who makes decisions whether or send specimens immunohistochemical pathology platforms. Moreover, can rapidly contact oncologist obtain new biopsy and/or if he/she considers that material quantity quality assessment biomarkers. Inadequate control sampling workflow lead false negative, inconclusive, incomplete findings, resulting inappropriate choice therapeutic strategy potentially poor outcome patients. International guidelines cancer based results expression proteins genomic alterations. These have been established taking into consideration practices set up clinical laboratories. This review addresses current central role pathologist, notably board her/his participation decision-making. perspectives setting will discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
20
Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, a clinically challenging malignancy constitutes significant contributor to cancer-related mortality, characterized by an inherently poor prognosis. This review aims provide comprehensive understanding of pancreatic adenocarcinoma examining its multifaceted etiologies, including genetic mutations and environmental factors. The explains the complex molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis summarizes current therapeutic strategies, surgery, chemotherapy, emerging modalities such as immunotherapy. Critical pathways driving cancer development, KRAS, Notch, Hedgehog, are discussed. Current radiation, discussed, with emphasis on their limitations, particularly in terms postoperative relapse. Promising research areas, liquid biopsies, personalized medicine, gene editing, explored, demonstrating potential for enhancing diagnosis treatment. While immunotherapy presents promising prospects, it faces challenges related immune evasion mechanisms. Emerging directions, encompassing CRISPR/Cas9 genome computational intelligence applications, hold promise refining diagnostic approaches interventions. By integrating insights from genetic, molecular, clinical research, innovative strategies that improve patient outcomes can be developed. Ongoing these fields holds advancing treatment this formidable malignancy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
Respiratory Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024
Abstract Background Lung cancers represent the main cause of cancer related-death worldwide. Recently, immunotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy has deeply impacted therapeutic care leading to an improved overall survival. However, relapse will finally occur, no efficient second line treatment so far. New therapies development based on comprehension resistance mechanisms is necessary. difficulties obtain tumor samples before and after first hamper clearly understand consequence these molecules cells also identify adapted therapies. Methods To overcome this difficulty, we developed multicellular spheroids (MCTS) using characterized Non-Small Cell Cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, monocytes from healthy donors fibroblasts. MCTS were treated carboplatin-paclitaxel -gemcitabine combinations according clinical administration schedules. The treatments impact was studied viability assay, histological analyses, 3’RNA sequencing, real-time PCR, flow cytometry confocal microscopy. Results We showed that induced a decrease strong modifications transcriptomic profile notably at level pathways involved DNA damage repair cycle. Interestingly, observed modification genes expression considered as hallmarks response immune check point inhibitors immunogenicity, particularly increase CD274 gene expression, coding for PD-L1. This result validated protein shown be restricted containing fibroblasts macrophages. additional line, expressing low basal level. Conclusions study shows are interesting models conditions close practice more concomitant lung treatment.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 43, С. 100910 - 100910
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
BMC Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025
The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics relevance HER2 exon 20 oncogenic variants in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This prospective analyzed 51 NSCLC patients with mutations, identified via next-generation sequencing (NGS) tissue, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or pleural effusion samples. Patients were grouped based on presence mutations (exon vs. non-exon 20) further divided whether they had received prior anti-tumor treatments (baseline non-baseline). Clinical data, treatment responses analyzed. Progression-free survival (PFS) overall (OS) evaluated using Kaplan-Meier methods compared log-rank tests. Gene ontology (GO) analysis performed uncover biological significance mutated genes. In a cohort 651 patients, (7.83%) harbored alterations, including (3.08%) mutations. median age HER2-altered subgroup 58.5 years. Adenocarcinoma most prevalent subtype (96.1%), presented at stage IV (72.5%). common metastatic sites lungs (68.6%), lymph nodes (52.9%), brain (43.1%). Among (39.3%) Exon more non-baseline group (55.0% 29.0%, P = 0.049) males (75.0%, 0.025). These associated higher rate metastasis lungs, (P < 0.001). demonstrated poorer outcomes 0.048). No significant differences observed age, smoking history, histological subtype, TNM diagnosis between groups. majority in-frame indel (92.0%), specific mutation being p.Y772_A775dup (70%). Ontology linked unregulated protein kinase activity anoikis. Our found that have risk drug resistance, leading worse than highlights urgent need for targeted therapies aimed insertions improve subgroup.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Current Opinion in Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024
Purpose of review To evaluate and summarize the current clinical efficacy, safety, treatment patterns, potential biomarkers, to guide future strategies for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), improve patient prognosis, provide a scientific basis personalized therapy. Recent findings In recent years, class immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) at helm, has catalyzed groundbreaking advancements within perioperative milieu NSCLC. With positive results several phase III trials, immunotherapy been confirmed significantly reduce risk postoperative recurrence in resectable NSCLC, becoming new standard stages II advent era, issues such as selection population, choice regimen, duration treatment, whether patients pCR need further adjuvant therapy, comprehensive management throughout period have attracted widespread attention. Summary The NSCLC fully entered era immunotherapy. Multiple studies that can survival benefit establishing
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Abstract Objective The basis for current and future lung cancer immunotherapy depends on our knowledge of molecular mechanisms interactions between tumor immune system cells. Interactions that occur different intratumoral populations the same cells are important. In study, we aimed to evaluate relationship clinical prognostic features T lymphocyte subgroups patients with tumors after neoadjuvant treatment. Methods A total 72 were included in including study group, 39 whom received chemotherapy. Clinical/radiological/pathological findings CD4/CD8 staining rates peritumoral/intratumoral areas recorded. Results Our revealed significantly lower CD4 + cell density ratio primary therapy (respectively, 0.012 0.016). Considering types, when control-study groups compared, inflammation was statistically significant only adenocarcinoma subtype; squamous-cell carcinoma subtype p = 0.0008 0.0139). When lymphocytes CD8 compared control low-stage according stages, values 0.0291 ve 0.0154). Conclusion All types innate adaptive immunity can affect tissues simultaneously, these have a very complex structure. Understanding microenvironment roles associated may lead discovery new targets immunological therapies increased survival times cancer.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(7), С. 1214 - 1239
Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024
Objective The objective of this article is to review the efficacy, safety, and evidence for current use potential future uses immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in management resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data sources A literature was carried out through PubMed identify completed ongoing clinical trials evaluating use, safety ICIs NSCLC. summary To date, four phase 3 have emerged that changed our treatment practice concerning utilization during adjuvant neoadjuvant settings. IMpower010 KEYNOTE-091 examined application atezolizumab pembrolizumab, respectively, following surgical resection chemotherapy. In CheckMate 816 trial, combination nivolumab chemotherapy as a therapy received approval patients with Also, NSCLC, pembrolizumab perioperative based on results KEYNOTE-671 trial. Apart from these trials, there are numerous 2 some which been published while others still progress. Conclusion Despite promising outcomes remain several unanswered questions. review, we will assess involving adjuvant, neoadjuvant, ICIs, aiming address unresolved questions related therapeutic approaches.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(4), С. 346 - 351
Опубликована: Май 7, 2024
Early-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 30% of the total NSCLC, being stage III a heterogeneous disease that represents challenge in management these patients. Multidisciplinary approach is essential an adequate treatment strategy, with surgery only curative treatment. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy has been standard care long period, modest results.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Breathe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(3), С. 240044 - 240044
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Advancements in immunotherapy the perioperative setting have revolutionised treatment of resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we present methodology and results clinical trial CheckMate 816 demonstrating benefit neoadjuvant therapy with nivolumab plus chemotherapy compared alone. Furthermore, this article discusses implications for future practice NSCLC need research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0