Salvia
fruticosa
(SF)
Mill.
is
traditionally
used
for
its
antihypertensive
actions.
However,
little
known
about
pharmacologic
and
molecular
mechanisms
of
action.
Here
we
determined
the
effects
an
ethanolic
extract
SF
leaves
on
rings
isolated
thoracic
aorta
from
Sprague-Dawley
rats.
Our
results
show
that
increased
nitric
oxide
production
relaxed
endothelium-intact
in
a
dose-dependent
(0.3
µg/ml-1
mg/ml)
manner,
maximum
arterial
relaxation
(Rmax)
was
significantly
reduced
with
endothelium
denudation.
Pretreatment
L-NAME
(a
non-selective
inhibitor
synthase,
100
µM),
or
ODQ
(an
soluble
guanylyl
cyclase,
10
µM)
diminished
SF-mediated
vasorelaxation.
Furthermore,
induced
Akt
phosphorylation
as
well
cGMP
levels
treated
increasing
doses
SF.
Prior
exposure
to
PI3K
inhibitors,
wortmannin
(0.1
LY294002
(10
decreased
accumulation
attenuated
SF-induced
vasorelaxation
by
approximately
50%
(Rmax).
SF-evoked
not
affected
indomethacin,
verapamil,
glibenclamide,
tetraethylammonium,
pyrilamine
atropine.
Taken
together,
our
indicate
induces
endothelium-dependent
through
PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO/sGC/cGMP
signaling
pathway.
data
illustrate
health-orientated
benefits
consuming
which
may
act
agent
reduce
burden
cardiovascular
complications.
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
11(9), С. 2090 - 2090
Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2019
Cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD)
are
complex
entities
with
heterogenous
pathophysiologic
mechanisms
and
increased
oxidative
stress
has
been
viewed
as
one
of
the
potential
common
etiologies.
A
fine
balance
between
presence
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
antioxidants
is
essential
for
proper
normal
functioning
cell.
basal
concentration
ROS
indispensable
manifestation
cellular
functions,
whereas
excessive
levels
cause
damage
to
macromolecules
such
DNA,
lipids
proteins,
eventually
leading
necrosis
apoptotic
cell
death.
CVD
main
death
worldwide
several
conditions
being
affected
by
stress.
Increased
lead
decreased
nitric
oxide
availability
vasoconstriction,
promoting
arterial
hypertension.
also
negatively
influence
myocardial
calcium
handling,
causing
arrhythmia,
augment
cardiac
remodeling
inducing
hypertrophic
signaling
apoptosis.
Finally,
have
shown
promote
atherosclerotic
plaque
formation.
This
review
aims
at
giving
an
introduction
into
in
CVD,
special
focus
on
endothelial
dysfunction,
then
examining
detail
role
most
prevalent
these
diseases.
nutraceuticals
diets
that
might
be
beneficial
diminishing
burden
presented.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2016
Spinal
cord
injury
(SCI)
and
spinal
infarction
lead
to
neurological
complications
eventually
paraplegia
or
quadriplegia.
These
extremely
debilitating
conditions
are
major
contributors
morbidity.
Our
understanding
of
SCI
has
certainly
increased
during
the
last
decade,
but
remains
far
from
clear.
consists
two
defined
phases:
initial
impact
causes
primary
injury,
which
is
followed
by
a
prolonged
secondary
consisting
evolving
sub-phases
that
may
for
years.
The
underlying
pathophysiological
mechanisms
driving
this
condition
complex.
Derangement
vasculature
notable
feature
pathology
SCI.
In
particular,
an
important
component
ischemia-reperfusion
leads
endothelial
dysfunction
changes
in
vascular
permeability.
Indeed,
together
with
cell
damage
failure
homeostasis,
ischemia
reperfusion
triggers
full-blown
inflammatory
cascades
arising
activation
residential
innate
immune
cells
(microglia
astrocytes)
infiltrating
leukocytes
(neutrophils
macrophages).
release
neurotoxins
(proinflammatory
cytokines
chemokines,
free
radicals,
excitotoxic
amino
acids,
nitric
oxide)
,
all
partake
axonal
neuronal
deficit.
Therefore,
our
review
considers
recent
advances
mechanisms,
whereby
it
becomes
clear
heterogeneous
condition.
Hence,
towards
evidence
restorative
approach
based
on
monotherapy
multiple
targets
combinatorial
treatment.
Moreover,
evaluation
existing
literature,
appears
there
urgent
requirement
multi-centered,
randomized
trials
large
patient
population.
clinical
studies
would
offer
opportunity
stratifying
patients
at
high
risk
selecting
appropriate,
optimal
therapeutic
regimens
personalized
medicine.
Keywords:
Inflammation;
injury;
reactive
oxygen
species;
leukocytes;
glia;
therapeutics.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2020
Cardiovascular
diseases
(CVDs)
are
a
significant
health
burden
with
an
ever-increasing
prevalence.
They
remain
the
leading
causes
of
morbidity
and
mortality
worldwide.
The
use
medicinal
herbs
continues
to
be
alternative
treatment
approach
for
several
including
CVDs.
Currently,
there
is
unprecedented
drive
herbal
preparations
in
modern
systems.
This
powered
by
aspects,
prime
among
which
their
cost-effective
therapeutic
promise
compared
standard
therapies
general
belief
that
they
safe.
Nonetheless,
claimed
safety
yet
remains
properly
tested.
Consequently,
public
awareness
should
raised
regarding
safety,
toxicity,
potentially
life-threatening
adverse
effects,
possible
herb-drug
interactions.
Over
years,
laboratory
data
have
shown
may
value
CVDs
as
can
interfere
CVD
risk
factors.
Accordingly,
been
many
attempts
move
studies
on
from
bench
bedside,
order
effectively
employ
treatments.
In
this
review,
we
introduce
Then
overview
disease
particular.
Further,
ethnopharmacological
potentials
properties
against
four
widely
used
plants,
namely
Ginseng,
Ginkgo
Biloba,
Ganoderma
lucidum
Gynostemma
pentaphyllum,
gathered
reviewed.
particular,
employment
these
plants
context
CVDs,
such
myocardial
infarction,
hypertension,
peripheral
vascular
diseases,
coronary
heart
disease,
cardiomyopathies,
dyslipidemias
has
reviewed,
analyzed
critically
discussed.
We
also
endeavor
document
recent
aimed
dissect
cellular
molecular
cardio-protective
mechanisms
using
recently
reported
vitro
vivo
studies.
Finally,
reviewed
results
clinical
trials
conducted
special
emphasis
efficacy,
toxicity.
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
27(3)
Опубликована: Март 18, 2022
Cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
is
a
major
cause
of
mortality
worldwide.
A
better
understanding
the
mechanisms
underlying
CVD
key
for
management
or
prevention.
Oxidative
stress
has
been
strongly
implicated
in
pathogenesis
CVD.
Indeed,
several
studies
demonstrated
that
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
via
different
mechanisms,
can
lead
to
endothelial
cell
(EC)
dysfunction,
player
etiology
CVDs.
ROS
appears
modulate
plethora
EC
biological
processes
are
critical
integrity
function.
This
review
seeks
dissect
role
oxidative
stress-induced
dysfunction
development,
with
emphasis
on
and
pathways.
Special
attention
given
ROS-induced
reduction
NO
bioavailability,
inflammation,
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
appraisal
these
pathways
may
be
essential
attenuate
reverse
hence,
reduce
burden.
Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
2023
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Hypertension
is
a
major
risk
factor
for
heart
attack,
produce
atherosclerosis
(hardening
of
the
arteries),
congestive
failure,
stroke,
kidney
infection,
blindness,
end-stage
renal
and
cardiovascular
diseases.
Many
mechanisms
are
involved
in
causing
hypertension,
i.e.,
via
calcium
channels,
alpha
beta
receptors,
renin-angiotensin
system
(RAS).
RAS
has
an
important
role
blood
pressure
control
also
metabolism
glucose,
homeostasis,
balance
electrolytes
body.
The
components
that
regulation
angiotensinogen,
Ang
I
(angiotensin
I),
II
II),
ACE
(angiotensin-converting
enzyme),
2
enzyme
2).
These
provide
relevant
therapeutic
targets
treatment
various
drugs
commercially
available
target
individual
RAS.
Angiotensin
receptor
blockers
(ARBs)
inhibitors
most
popular
among
these
drugs.
chosen
this
review
as
it
makes
because
converts
into
acts
on
vasodilator,
bradykinin,
to
degrade
inactive
peptides.
This
highlights
aspects
body
with
focus
ACE,
targeting
regulation,
their
associated
side
effects,
need
shift
alternative
therapy
putative
hypertension
form
bioactive
peptides
from
food.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
21(6), С. 807 - 807
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2016
Natural
products
have
always
been
exploited
to
promote
health
and
served
as
a
valuable
source
for
the
discovery
of
new
drugs.
In
this
review,
great
potential
natural
compounds
medicinal
plants
treatment
or
prevention
cardiovascular
metabolic
disorders,
global
problems
with
rising
prevalence,
is
addressed.
Special
emphasis
laid
on
which
efficacy
safety
already
proven
are
in
clinical
trials,
well
used
traditional
medicine.
Potential
benefits
from
certain
dietary
habits
constituents,
common
molecular
targets
products,
also
briefly
discussed.
A
glimpse
at
history
statins
biguanides,
two
prominent
representatives
(or
their
derivatives)
fight
against
disease,
included.
The
present
review
aims
serve
an
“opening”
special
issue
Molecules,
presenting
key
historical
developments,
recent
advances,
future
perspectives
outlining
therapy
disease.
Marine Drugs,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
16(8), С. 250 - 250
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2018
The
beneficial
effects
of
various
polyphenols
with
plant
origins
on
different
cardiovascular-associated
disorders,
such
as
hypertension,
diabetes
mellitus
type
2
and
metabolic
syndrome
are
well
known.
Recently,
marine
crude-drugs
emerging
potential
treatments
in
many
noncommunicable
conditions,
including
those
involving
the
cardiovascular
system.
Among
active
compounds
responsible
for
these
activities,
seaweed
seem
to
play
a
key
role.
aim
present
review
is
summarise
current
knowledge
about
reported
edible
amelioration
prevalent
focusing
both
preclinical
clinical
studies.
This
will
help
establish
basis
future
studies
this
promising
field.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
7
Опубликована: Март 8, 2016
Traditional
medicine
has
a
history
extending
back
to
thousands
of
years,
and
during
the
intervening
time,
man
identified
healing
properties
very
broad
range
plants.
Globally,
use
herbal
therapies
treat
manage
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
is
on
rise.
This
second
part
our
comprehensive
review
where
we
discuss
mechanisms
plants
herbs
used
for
treatment
management
high
blood
pressure.
Similar
first
part,
PubMed
ScienceDirect
databases
were
utilized,
following
keywords
phrases
as
inclusion
criteria:
hypertension,
pressure,
medicine,
complementary
alternative
endothelial
cells,
nitric
oxide,
vascular
smooth
muscle
cell
(VSMC)
proliferation,
hydrogen
sulfide,
nuclear
factor
kappa-B,
oxidative
stress
epigenetics/epigenomics.
Each
aforementioned
was
co-joined
with
plant
or
herb
in
question,
possible
its
constituent
molecule(s).
deals
particular
that
are
used,
albeit
less
frequently,
hypertension.
We
then
interplay
between
herbs/prescription
drugs
herbs/epigenetics
context
this
disease.
The
concludes
recommendation
more
rigorous,
well-developed
clinical
trials
concretely
determine
beneficial
impact
hypertension
disease-free
living.
