Antioxidant Activities of Quercetin and Its Complexes for Medicinal Application

Molecules, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 24(6), С. 1123 - 1123

Опубликована: Март 21, 2019

Quercetin is a bioactive compound that widely used in botanical medicine and traditional Chinese due to its potent antioxidant activity. In recent years, activities of quercetin have been studied extensively, including effects on glutathione (GSH), enzymatic activity, signal transduction pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by environmental toxicological factors. Chemical studies mainly focused the activity metal ion complexes complex ions. this review, we highlight advances activities, chemical research, medicinal application quercetin.

Язык: Английский

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NAD+ metabolism: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2020

Abstract Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) and its metabolites function as critical regulators to maintain physiologic processes, enabling the plastic cells adapt environmental changes including nutrient perturbation, genotoxic factors, circadian disorder, infection, inflammation xenobiotics. These effects are mainly achieved by driving effect of NAD on metabolic pathways enzyme cofactors transferring hydrogen in oxidation-reduction reactions. Besides, multiple -dependent enzymes involved physiology either post-synthesis chemical modification DNA, RNA proteins, or releasing second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) NAADP . Prolonged disequilibrium metabolism disturbs physiological functions, resulting diseases diseases, cancer, aging neurodegeneration disorder. In this review, we summarize recent advances our understanding molecular mechanisms -regulated responses stresses, contribution deficiency various via manipulating cellular communication networks potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Язык: Английский

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Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 35, С. 101513 - 101513

Опубликована: Март 20, 2020

Frailty, a consequence of the interaction aging process and certain chronic diseases, compromises functional outcomes in elderly substantially increases their risk for developing disabilities other adverse outcomes. Frailty follows from combination several impaired physiological mechanisms affecting multiple organs systems. And, though frailty sarcopenia are related, they two different conditions. Thus, strategies to preserve or improve status should consider systemic function addition muscle conditioning. Physical activity/exercise is considered one main counteract frailty-related physical impairment elderly. Exercise reduces age-related oxidative damage inflammation, autophagy, improves mitochondrial function, myokine profile, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway, insulin sensitivity. interventions target resistance (strength power), aerobic, balance, flexibility work. Each type aspects functioning, could be combined according need prescribed as multicomponent intervention. Therefore, exercise intervention programs based on an individual's functioning adapted ensuing response.

Язык: Английский

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PGC-1α, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: An Integrative View in Metabolism

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2020, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Март 9, 2020

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- γ coactivator (PGC)-1 α is a transcriptional described as master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, including oxidative phosphorylation reactive oxygen species detoxification. PGC-1 highly expressed in tissues with high energy demands, it clearly associated the pathogenesis metabolic syndrome its principal complications obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis. We herein review molecular pathways regulated by , which connect stress metabolism inflammatory response syndrome. regulates expression antioxidant genes, manganese superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxiredoxin 3 5, uncoupling protein 2, thioredoxin reductase thus prevents injury dysfunction. Dysregulation alters redox homeostasis cells exacerbates response, commonly accompanied disturbances. During inflammation, low levels downregulate gene expression, induce stress, promote nuclear factor kappa B activation. In syndrome, characterized chronic grade dysregulation modifies properties altering function promoting accumulation. conclusion, acts an essential node connecting regulation, control, pathways, interesting therapeutic target that may have significant benefits for number diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants: potential crosstalk in the pathophysiology of human diseases

Frontiers in Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

Introduction: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species that constantly circulate through the body and occur as a side effect of many reactions take place in human body. Under normal conditions, they removed from by antioxidant processes. If these natural mechanisms disrupted, accumulate excess contribute to development diseases. Methodology: Relevant recent information on oxidative stress, free radicals, species, synthetic antioxidants was collected researching electronic databases such PubMed / Medline, Web Science, Science Direct. Results: According analysed studies, this comprehensive review provided update their impact pathophysiology Discussion: To counteract condition must be external sources supplement defense mechanism internally. Because therapeutic potential origin, medicinal plants have been reported main source phytocompounds. Some non-enzymatic phytocompounds flavonoids, polyphenols, glutathione, along with some vitamins possess strong activities vivo vitro studies. Thus, present describes, brief, overview stress-directed cellular damage unction dietary management different The limitations correlating activity foods health were also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(12), С. 2345 - 2345

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2022

Organisms are continually exposed to exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) other oxidants that have both beneficial deleterious effects on the cell. ROS important roles in a wide range physiological processes; however, high levels associated with oxidative stress disease progression. Oxidative has been implicated nearly all major human diseases, from neurogenerative diseases neuropsychiatric disorders cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer. Antioxidant defence systems evolved as means protection against stress, transcription factor Nrf2 key regulator. is responsible for regulating an extensive panel antioxidant enzymes involved detoxification elimination extensively studied contexts. This review aims provide reader general overview Nrf2, including basic mechanisms activation regulation, implications various diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary patterns and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation: A systematic review of observational and intervention studies

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 42, С. 101869 - 101869

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

Oxidative stress and inflammation are known to play a critical role in ageing chronic disease development could therefore represent important targets for developing dietary strategies prevention. We aimed systematically review the results from observational studies intervention trials published last 5 years on associations between patterns biomarkers of oxidative inflammation.A systematic search PubMed, MEDLINE Web Science (January 2015 October 2020) was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Methodological quality selected evaluated based NUTRIGRADE BIOCROSS assessment tools.In total, 29 among which 16 13 were found eligible review. Overall, indicated an inverse association plant-based diets - Mediterranean Dietary Approaches Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet proinflammatory biomarkers. In studies, further revealed vegetarian diet, USDA Healthy Eating Index (HEI) paleolithic whereas positive seen western fast food diets. Quality suggested that majority (n = 12) low moderate quality.This study provides evidence associated with lowered levels may provide valid means Future large-scale using validated warranted confirm these findings.

Язык: Английский

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Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2019

Various internal and external factors negatively affect the homeostatic equilibrium of organisms at molecular to whole-body level, inducing so-called state 'stress'. Stress affects an organism's welfare status induces energy-consuming mechanisms combat subsequent ill effects; thus, individual may be immunocompromised, making them vulnerable pathogens. The information presented here has been extensively reviewed, compiled analyzed from authenticated published resources available on Medline, Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Science Direct, other scientific databases. levels can monitored by quantitative qualitative measurement biomarkers. Prominent markers stress include thermal like heat shock proteins (HSPs), innate immune Acute Phase Proteins (APPs), oxidative markers, chemical secretions in saliva urine. In addition, biomarkers are thought play critical roles prognosis stress-related diseases disorders, therapy guidance. Moreover, different components have identified as potent mediators cardiovascular, central nervous system, hepatic, nephrological which also employed evaluate these conditions precisely, but with stringent validation specificity. Considerable advances made detection, quantitation, application present review describes current progress identifying biomarkers, their prognostic therapeutic values.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidant Potential of Curcumin—A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(11), С. 1092 - 1092

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2020

Antioxidant potential is defined as the ability to neutralize oxygen free radicals that are generated in excess due environmental influences. The body's defense mechanisms often require support preventing effects of oxidative stress. literature data suggest curcumin has antioxidant activity can significantly reduce stress levels. aim was assess impact on markers.PubMed and Embase were searched from database inception until 27 September 2019 for randomized clinical trials >20 patients treated with supplements placebo/no intervention/physical verify curcumin.Four studies included meta-analysis, three which double-blind one single-blind. A total 308 participants took part research. 40% respondents men. average age 27.60 ± 3.79 years. supplementation time 67 days dose administered 645 mg/24 h. Curcumin increased capacity (TAC) (SMD = 2.696, Z 2.003, CI 95%, p 0.045) had a tendency decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration -1.579, -1.714, 0.086).Pure MDA increase capacity.

Язык: Английский

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Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 162, С. 114606 - 114606

Опубликована: Март 28, 2023

Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules induce oxidative stress. To adapt exposure, living cells develop various defense mechanisms neutralize use as signaling molecule. The redox networks combine pathways regulate cell metabolism, energy, survival, death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) essential antioxidant enzymes required for scavenging in compartments response stressful situations. Among the non-enzymatic defenses, vitamin C, (GSH), polyphenols, carotenoids, E, etc., also essential. This review article describes how produced byproducts of oxidation/reduction (redox) antioxidants system is directly or indirectly engaged ROS. In addition, we used computational methods determine comparative profile binding energies several with enzymes. analysis demonstrates high affinity their structures.

Язык: Английский

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