Placing Brazil's grasslands and savannas on the map of science and conservation

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56, С. 125687 - 125687

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Outstanding plant endemism levels strongly support the recognition ofcampo rupestreprovinces in mountaintops of eastern South America

Journal of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 46(8), С. 1723 - 1733

Опубликована: Май 8, 2019

Abstract Aim The Brazilian campo rupestre is a vegetation associated to ancient mountaintops in eastern South America, spread mainly over disjunct areas of the Espinhaço Range and Chapada dos Veadeiros. These hold outstanding levels plant diversity endemism, but despite their uniqueness they have been neglected recent bioregionalizations for Neotropical region. Given particular species richness we here test recognition these as distinct bioregions within Chacoan dominion. Location Mountaintops America. Methods We listed 1,748 angiosperm endemic Veadeiros regions, based on data gathered from Flora 2020 Project. extracted all occurrence information available GBIF (the Global Biodiversity Information Facility) such list also polygon gathering study area, including adjacent vegetations. Data went through standard cleaning procedures network clustering analysis was performed delimitate boundaries new bioregions. Results Our strongly support two along Range, none high endemism singularity dominion, formalize provinces naming them “Chapada Diamantina” “Southern Espinhaço” provinces. Within latter province, three districts are recognized, this previous studies: “Diamantina Plateau”, “Grão‐Mogol” “Iron Quadrangle” districts. Main conclusions formalization previously described highlights harbouring contributing better understanding biogeographical patterns Neotropics. Also, follow International Code Area Nomenclature device standardize bioregions, shall facilitate further conservation studies areas. Further assessments with revisited needed enable minor scale bioregionalization

Язык: Английский

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Cangas da Amazônia: a vegetação única de Carajás evidenciada pela lista de fanerógamas

Rodriguésia, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 69(3), С. 1435 - 1488

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2018

Resumo Nas cangas da Floresta Nacional (FLONA) de Carajás e no Parque dos Campos Ferruginosos (PNCF) foram registradas 856 espécies, distribuídas em 116 famílias fanerógamas. As mais ricas Poaceae (86), Fabaceae (65) Rubiaceae (46). O hábito herbáceo foi o melhor representado. Dois gêneros, 24 espécies uma subespécie são apontadas como endêmicas das área estudos. Na FLONA Carajás, a Serra Norte, com maior amostragem, possui 659 fanerógamas na Sul 545 espécies. Aproximadamente 60% documentadas estudos, incluindo endêmicas, não possuem registro para PNCF. Através lista taxonômica aqui apresentada, possível demonstrar considerável distinção entre as do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, apontando também pouca correspondência dessas duas listas canga Corumbá, Mato Grosso Sul. A riqueza singularidade flora região, que inclui diversas associada à ameaça estão submetidos estes ambientes por atividades mineração, apontam necessidade um planejamento conservação Carajás.

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Biogeographical Districts of the Caatinga Dominion: A Proposal Based on Geomorphology and Endemism

The Botanical Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Plant biogeography of rock outcrops in South American tropical lowlands

Frontiers of Biogeography, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Studies of rock outcrops in tropical South America have increased recent years, but they often been restricted to individual countries, single biomes or disciplines (e.g. through a floristic, functional genetic lens), limiting their generality. We review the current state knowledge on geological and floristic diversity identify gaps generate testable hypotheses for future research into biogeography evolution plant communities. find that lowland outcrop vegetation is disparately documented we know less about evolutionary biogeographic history these island-like systems. Based edaphic factors, classify American four main groups: granite/gneiss, quartzite/metamorphosed sandstone, limestone ironstone. hypothesise lithologies influence lineage composition floras. However, elevation also plays role creating microclimatic conditions by influencing degree insularity from surrounding vegetation. Our literature suggests support different floras, confirming this requires further surveys across full outcrops. suggest framework to: (i) improve floras how relate biomes; (ii) investigate relative roles niche conservatism using phylogenetic approaches; (iii) assess species cope with living naturally fragmented habitats analysis recruitment gene flow population genetics. Understanding can help provide information conservation planning decisions. Rock are urgent need study because possess distinctive highly specialised flora threatened climate land-use changes. There increase number studies some Latin countries Bolivia, Paraguay, Guyana, French Guiana Suriname) limestone). major determinant lithology outline be tested community-level data. Inferring relationships endemic establishing environments where closest relatives occur will powerful approach address questions historical assembly Population approaches focusing both elucidate connectivity and, therefore, insular vulnerable are.

Язык: Английский

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Soil types select for plants with matching nutrient‐acquisition and ‐use traits in hyperdiverse and severely nutrient‐impoverished campos rupestres and cerrado in Central Brazil

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 107(3), С. 1302 - 1316

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2018

Abstract Understanding the mechanisms that underlie generation of beta‐diversity remains a challenge in ecology. Underground plant adaptations to environmental gradients have received relatively little attention. We studied nutrient‐acquisition strategies and nutrient‐use efficiency at three stages pedogenesis infertile soils from campos rupestres on less soil cerrado sensu stricto Brazil. All support very high diversity with species turnover between types small spatial scales (metres). expected differences ‐use would be associated this turnover. With severely decreasing phosphorus (P) availability, we effectiveness arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses for P acquisition decrease, reliance nonmycorrhizal (NM) increase, while maintaining efficient nutrient use. Concentrations total nitrogen (N) were greater than those , more weathered N impoverished. The proportion root length colonized by AM fungi was 71% <1% most P‐impoverished type . Conversely, P‐acquisition such as rhizosheaths soils. Leaf [P] [N] low decreased [N]. N:P ratios suggest limitation productivity but N‐P colimitation Photosynthetic rates increasing impoverishment, photosynthetic P‐use N‐use moderately all Most had P‐remobilization during leaf senescence (>70%), only moderate N‐remobilization (~50%). Synthesis observed species, consistent being strongly limited N. Our findings demonstrate different characteristics (nutrient availability texture) select differing (especially below‐ground traits) which is likely key scale (i.e., beta‐diversity)

Язык: Английский

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OCBIL theory examined: reassessing evolution, ecology and conservation in the world’s ancient, climatically buffered and infertile landscapes

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 133(2), С. 266 - 296

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020

Abstract OCBIL theory was introduced as a contribution towards understanding the evolution, ecology and conservation of biological cultural diversity old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs), especially in Southern Hemisphere. The addresses some most intransigent environmental trends our time – ongoing decline biodiversity First Nations. Here we reflect on OCBILs, origins theory, its principal hypotheses biological, anthropological applications. discovery that threatened plant species are concentrated Southwest Australian Floristic Region (SWAFR) infertile, phosphorous-impoverished uplands within 500 km coast formed foundational framework for led to development testable growing literature is addressing. Currently, OCBILs recognized 15 Global Biodiversity Hotspots eight other regions. SWAFR, Greater Cape South Africa America’s campos rupestres (montane grasslands) those regions have comprehensively been investigated context theory. We summarize 12 evolutionary, ecological ten conservation-management being recent contributions literature.

Язык: Английский

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Edaphic Endemism in the Amazon: Vascular Plants of the canga of Carajás, Brazil

The Botanical Review, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 85(4), С. 357 - 383

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2019

Abstract Amazonia is one of the most diverse biomes worldwide, and, as well luxuriant forest, it includes mountain areas which, despite their small surface area, display fascinating endemism. In these regions, specificity edaphic factors mirrored by a highly specialised, isolated flora adapted to survive adverse conditions. The Serra dos Carajás in Brazilian state Pará world’s largest iron ore reserves. Known locally canga , this ironstone formation occupies an area 115.9 km 2 and supports campo rupestre vegetation on outcrops that are mostly Floresta Nacional de (FLONA Carajás) Parque Campos Ferruginosos (PNCF). recent publication Flora s lists 856 species seed plants 186 ferns lycophytes. This project assessed endemic growing region, further expeditions guided SDM were carried out order ascertain distribution outisde area. Departing from initial list 58 putative endemics, final comprises 38 vascular (c. 4% local flora). These distributed 31 genera 22 families, including three monotypic genera: Carajasia (Rubiaceae), Monogereion Parapiqueria (Asteraceae). From these, 24 classified Rare Species for Brazil seven Highly Restricted Endemic (EEO < 100 ). An illustrated account provided, detect other possible based studied species. knowledge generated aimed at directing appropriate conservation plans

Язык: Английский

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Beyond forests in the Amazon: biogeography and floristic relationships of the Amazonian savannas

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 193(4), С. 478 - 503

Опубликована: Март 20, 2020

Abstract Open habitats such as grasslands occupy &lt; 5% of the Amazon and are currently grouped under broad term Amazonian savanna, covering an area c. 267 000 km2, mostly in Brazil Bolivia. These found isolated within extensive rainforest matrix, having a distinct flora from latter. The lower River is home to several patches savanna that both south north banks river, Santarém, Alenquer Monte Alegre. Although abundance herbaceous plants, most studies on these open areas focus only tree species, ignoring relevant non-woody component vegetation. Our objectives were provide new surveys seed plants for two sites take opportunity revisit biogeographical links between canga vegetation central Brazilian cerrado (CBC) caatinga, analysing woody plants. We created floristic database includes savannas, including campinarana, coastal scrub (restinga), CBC campos rupestres (on or other substrate). compared those using multivariate analyses find out degree resemblance sites. prepared list 406 species [336 Parque Estadual de Alegre (PEMA) 117 Serra do Itauajuri (SI)], 23 records state Pará some putative science. savannas form three loosely arranged groups, whereas formed cohesive assemblage. Both groups contrasted against caatinga had distinctive both. Sites north-western (Alter Chão, PEMA SI) with their northern counterparts Roraima. An improved representation provided, more insight into relationship types. It worrying recent changes legislation place environments, PEMA, path vulnerability disturbance destruction.

Язык: Английский

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High species diversity and turnover in granite inselberg floras highlight the need for a conservation strategy protecting many outcrops

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(13), С. 7660 - 7675

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2019

Determining patterns of plant diversity on granite inselbergs is an important task for conservation biogeography due to mounting threats. However, beyond the tropics there are relatively few quantitative studies floristic diversity, or consideration these and their environmental, biogeographic, historical correlates conservation. We sought contribute broader understanding global species inform biodiversity in globally significant Southwest Australian Floristic Region (SWAFR). surveyed floristics from 16 (478 plots) across climate gradient SWAFR stratified into three major habitats each outcrop. recorded 1,060 92 families. At plot level, local soil topographic variables affecting aridity were correlated with richness herbaceous (HO) woody vegetation (WO) soil-filled depressions, but not deeper soils at base outcrops (WOB). outcrop bioclimatic two (WO WOB) but, contrary predictions island biogeography, inselberg area isolation any habitats. Species turnover was also influenced by aridity, being interplot geographic distance, HO WO site variables. replacement dominant component habitats, consistent expectations long-term stable landscapes. Our results therefore highlight high associated flora. Hence, effective strategies will need focus protecting multiple entire region.

Язык: Английский

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