Contributions of plant breeding to soil carbon storage: Retrospect and prospects

Crop Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 63(3), С. 990 - 1018

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Abstract There is interest in harnessing cropland C storage potential at a large scale to mitigate climate change and improve land productivity. While the effects of soil management practices on have been studied extensively, opportunities select for sequestration traits crop plants remain largely unexplored. This review describes how genetic improvement major US crops may altered stocks historically identifies plant breeding increase stocks. Through quantitative literature review, we find that has led an aboveground residue inputs corn ( Zea mays L.) soybeans Glycine max (L.) Merr) decrease wheat Triticum aestivum L. turgidum L.). Breeding not root:shoot ratio these crops. Given there limited further improvements harvest index, high grain yields necessitate increasing biomass production future. Crop root quality influence stabilization crop‐derived soil, but uncertainty regarding historical changes due breeding, magnitude their effect organic stocks, tradeoffs or synergies with yield. Nevertheless, such as suberin content, rhizodeposition, mycorrhizal association, depth emerge targets more efficient stabilization. also opportunity enhance performance cover crops, double perennial grains, groundcovers, which can annual by occupying fallow periods. Our reveals are many fix cropping systems its meet goals sustainable intensification capture.

Язык: Английский

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Microorganisms, climate change, and the Sustainable Development Goals: progress and challenges

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(10), С. 622 - 623

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Cover Crops and Soil Amendments on Soil CO2 Flux in a Mississippi Corn Cropping System on Upland Soil

Environments, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(2), С. 19 - 19

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

Agroecosystems, accounting for more than one-third of arable land worldwide, play an essential role in the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle. The development agricultural practices, which maximize soil C sequestration from atmosphere, is receiving growing attention due to recognition agroecosystems’ great potential serve as sinks atmospheric dioxide (CO2). In particular, cover crop and amendment applications are generating much interest mitigating climate change enhancing ecosystem services. objective this study was evaluate effects winter amendments, including broiler litter (BL), flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum lignite, on CO2 flux cropping systems southeastern USA, where related studies were limited. A field conducted 2019 2021 a Mississippi upland corn system with measurements flux, moisture temperature during cash seasons. We observed high temporal variability peaks between late June early July, likely changes moisture. significant increase found BL application (p < 0.05). Co-application FGD lignite BL-reduced by 15–23% but did not fully eliminate rising effects. Significantly higher lower fields crops those without third year 0.05), attributed organic content accumulated crops. Future research should assess year-round greenhouse fluxes both seasons using resolution measurement scheme.

Язык: Английский

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Nutrient management impacts on organic carbon pool in soils under different cropping systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains in South Asia

DELETED, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 89(3), С. 520 - 559

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Nutrient management impacts the dynamics of organic carbon (C), C sequestration and various pools in soils sustainability cropping systems through biomass input matter addition manures. We reviewed long-term field experiments on different Indo-Gangetic Plains South Asia to study effect balanced imbalanced application mineral fertilizers applied either alone or conjointly with manures soil pools. Application not only enhanced crop productivity, but also accumulation total (TOC) pool a significant impact fractions differential lability oxidizability. Balanced use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium alone, residues plant-mediated input, TOC pool, stocks, amount required maintain levels, net rate, such as permanganate oxidizable C, water-extractable microbial variable The (plant mediated + exogenous) added was 0.88–12.2 Mg ha−1 year−1 0–15 cm plough layer under rice–wheat, 1.37–6.68 other rice-based (rice–berseem/rice–wheat–jute/rice–mustard–sesame/rice–fallow–rice) 0.51–8.07 non-rice-based systems. In general, rate high low initial content silt clay fraction. percentage macro-aggregates (> 0.25 mm), simultaneous decrease micro-aggregates (< mm). stable passive (less labile recalcitrant C) largest comprising about 50.5–80.3% rice–wheat systems; almost similar (44.2–80.8% TOC) that for maize–wheat, higher compared those cotton–wheat (44.1–61.9% system. stocks at steady state varied between 2.30 4.59 systems, 1.10 3.47 On an overall basis, exhibited overwhelming role enhancing while enlarging increased productivity due nutrient cycling.

Язык: Английский

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Root and rhizosphere traits for enhanced water and nutrients uptake efficiency in dynamic environments

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024

Modern agriculture's goal of improving crop resource acquisition efficiency relies on the intricate relationship between root system and soil. Root rhizosphere traits play a critical role in efficient use nutrients water, especially under dynamic environments. This review emphasizes holistic perspective, challenging conventional separation nutrient water uptake processes necessity for an integrated approach. Anticipating climate change-induced increase likelihood extreme weather events that result fluctuations soil moisture availability, study explores adaptive potential to mitigate stress. We emphasize significance characteristics enable crops rapidly respond varying availabilities (i.e. presence mobile zone) their accessibility possibility transport resources surface). These encompass example hairs, mucilage extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) exudation, rhizosheath formation expression transporters. Moreover, we recognize challenge balancing carbon investments, stress, where optimized must consider carbon-efficient strategies. To advance our understanding, calls well-designed field experiments, recognizing limitations controlled Non-destructive methods such as mini rhizotron assessments

Язык: Английский

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