Plant Cell & Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(3), С. 871 - 884
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Symbiotic
nitrogen
fixation
(SNF)
is
a
crucial
process
for
geochemical
cycling
and
plant‐microbe
interactions.
Water‐soluble
humic
acid
(WSHM),
an
active
component
of
soil
humus,
has
been
shown
to
promote
SNF
in
the
legume‐rhizobial
symbiosis,
but
its
molecular
mechanism
remains
largely
unknown.
To
reveal
SNF‐promoting
mechanism,
we
conducted
transcriptomic
analysis
on
soybean
treated
with
WSHM.
Our
findings
revealed
that
up‐
downregulated
differentially
expressed
genes
(DEGs)
were
mainly
involved
plant
cell‐wall/membrane
formation
defence/immunity
early
stage,
while
late
stage
was
marked
by
flavonoid
synthesis
ethylene
biosynthetic
process.
Further
study
representative
DEGs
showed
WSHM
could
inhibit
GmBAK1d‐mediated
immunity
BR
signalling,
thereby
promoting
rhizobial
colonisation,
infection,
nodulation,
not
favoring
pathogenic
bacteria
colonisation
host
plant.
Additionally,
also
found
pathway
necessary
nodulation
This
only
provides
significant
advance
our
understanding
SNF,
evidence
beneficial
interactions
among
biostimulator,
plant,
microbes,
which
have
previously
reported.
Biomolecules,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(10), С. 1443 - 1443
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023
Plants
uptake
and
assimilate
nitrogen
from
the
soil
in
form
of
nitrate,
ammonium
ions,
available
amino
acids
organic
sources.
Plant
nitrate
transporters
are
responsible
for
translocation
into
roots.
The
unique
structure
these
determines
specificity
each
transporter,
structural
analyses
reveal
mechanisms
by
which
function.
Following
absorption,
metabolism
pathway
incorporates
compounds
via
glutamine
synthetase
glutamate
synthase
that
convert
ions
glutamate.
Different
isoforms
exist,
enabling
plants
to
fine-tune
based
on
environmental
cues.
Under
stressful
conditions,
nitric
oxide
has
been
found
enhance
plant
survival
under
drought
stress.
Furthermore,
interaction
between
salinity
stress
availability
studied,
with
identified
as
a
potential
mediator
responses
salt
Conversely,
excessive
use
fertilizers
can
lead
health
issues.
Therefore,
alternative
strategies,
such
establishing
fixation
through
diazotrophic
microbiota,
have
explored
reduce
reliance
synthetic
fertilizers.
Ultimately,
genomics
identify
new
genes
related
fixation,
could
be
harnessed
improve
productivity.
Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(11), С. 2092 - 2092
Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023
This
review
article
explores
the
impact
of
nitrogen
fertilizers
on
symbiotic
relationship
between
Rhizobium
bacteria
and
legume
plants.
Nitrogen
fixation
has
potential
to
address
global
protein
shortage
by
increasing
supply
in
agriculture.
However,
excessive
use
synthetic
led
environmental
consequences
high
energy
consumption.
To
promote
sustainable
agriculture,
alternative
approaches
such
as
biofertilizers
that
utilize
biological
have
been
introduced
minimize
ecological
impact.
Understanding
process
fixation,
where
certain
convert
atmospheric
into
ammonia,
is
crucial
for
knowledge
helps
reduce
reliance
maintain
soil
fertility.
The
leguminous
plants
plays
a
vital
role
agriculture
facilitating
access
nitrogen,
improving
fertility,
reducing
need
chemical
fertilizers.
achieve
optimal
plant
growth,
it
important
effectively
manage
availability,
conditions,
stressors.
Excessive
fertilization
can
negatively
affect
association
rhizobia,
resulting
reduced
health,
altered
mutualistic
relationships,
concerns.
Various
techniques
be
employed
enhance
efficiency
manipulating
chemotaxis,
which
ability
rhizobia
move
towards
roots.
Plant-specific
metabolites
called
(iso)flavonoids
play
signaling
communication
bacteria,
initiating
enhancing
growth.
fertilizer
application
disrupt
legumes,
impacting
root
exudation
patterns,
nodulation,
relationship.
High
levels
inhibit
nitrogenase,
critical
enzyme
leading
nitrogenase
activity.
Additionally,
compromise
demands
decreased
discusses
disadvantages
using
nitrogenous
these
By
effective
rhizobial
strains
with
compatible
cultivars,
not
only
amounts
reduced,
but
also
inputs
greenhouse
gas
emissions
associated
their
manufacturing
application.
approach
offers
benefits
terms
saving
energy.
In
conclusion,
this
paper
provides
comprehensive
overview
current
understanding
It
strategies
agricultural
practices.
managing
carefully
our
relationship,
we
contribute
Abstract
Plant
uptake
and
assimilation
of
essential
nitrogen
compounds
from
the
soil
are
mainly
in
form
nitrate
ammonium
ions.
transporters
(NRTs)
play
a
crucial
role
into
roots.
NRT
structural
analysis
reveals
mechanisms
by
which
these
function.
Similarly,
plant
(AMTs)
mediate
ions,
their
has
provided
valuable
information
on
mechanisms.
After
roots,
metabolism
pathway
involves
incorporation
organic
compounds.
Glutamine
synthetase
(GS)
glutamate
synthase
(GoGAT)
master
players
this
pathway.
They
work
together
to
convert
ions
glutamine
glutamate,
respectively.
Different
isoforms
GS
GoGAT
exist,
enabling
plants
fine-tune
based
environmental
cues.
Under
severe
abiotic
stress
conditions,
nitric
oxide
(NO)
been
found
enhance
survival
under
drought.
Furthermore,
interaction
between
salinity
availability
studied,
with
NO
identified
as
potential
mediator
responses
salt
stress.
On
other
hand,
excessive
use
fertilizers
can
lead
health
issues.
Therefore,
alternative
strategies,
such
establishing
fixation
through
diazotrophic
microbiota,
have
explored
reduce
reliance
synthetic
fertilizers.
Ultimately,
genomics
identify
new
genes
related
fixation,
could
be
harnessed
improve
productivity.
By
deciphering
genetic
basis
nitrogen-fixing
traits,
researchers
aim
develop
crops
that
efficiently
utilize
environment.
International Journal of Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1), С. 9 - 9
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
This
article
presents
a
systematic
review
of
the
ecophysiological
mechanisms
underpinning
essential
role
plant-growth-promoting
microorganisms
(PGPMs)
in
improving
rice
yield
and
quality.
The
scientific
literature
is
thoroughly
reviewed,
highlighting
how
PGPMs
positively
influence
growth,
development,
health
plants.
Key
aspects,
such
as
nitrogen
fixation,
nutrient
solubilization,
hormone
production,
disease
resistance
induction,
are
emphasized.
Additionally,
technological
advancements
related
to
PGPM
use
analyzed,
including
identification
effective
strains,
formulation
enhanced
biofertilizers,
genetic
engineering.
concludes
that
represent
promising
tool
with
which
boost
sustainability
productivity
cultivation,
providing
robust
foundation
for
future
research
practical
applications
field
crucial
global
food
security.
The
use
of
cold
plasma
(CP)
seed
treatment
is
an
emerging
agricultural
technology
that
exhibits
the
potential
to
enhance
nodulation
and
symbiotic
nitrogen
fixation
(SNF)
in
legumes.
CP
composed
a
diverse
mixture
excited
atoms,
molecules,
ions,
radicals
have
affect
physical
properties
influence
gene
expressions
could
lasting
impact
on
nodulation,
SNF,
growth,
yield
direct
participation
process
its
correlation
with
escalation
nodules
SNF
still
not
fully
understood.
This
review
discussed
four
areas
can
directly
or
indirectly
treatments:
root–rhizobia
signal
exchange
pathways,
root/shoot
growth
development,
phytohormone
production,
process.
We
also
discuss
challenges
future
research
requirements
associated
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2022
Keratin-containing
wastes
become
pollution
to
the
environment
if
they
are
not
treated
properly.
On
other
hand,
these
can
be
converted
into
value-added
products
applicable
many
fields.
Organic
fertilizers
and
biofertilizers
important
for
sustainable
agriculture
by
providing
nutrients
enhance
growth
speed
of
plant
production.
wastes,
therefore,
will
an
resource
produce
organic
fertilizers.
Many
microorganisms
exhibit
capabilities
degrade
keratins
making
them
attractive
convert
keratin-containing
valuable
products.
In
this
review,
progress
in
microbial
degradation
is
summarized.
addition,
perspectives
converting
keratin
bio-
described.
With
proper
treatment,
feather
which
rich
high-value
serve
as
plants,
reduce
environmental
pressure
improve
quality
soil
agriculture.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(19), С. 12035 - 12035
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022
Biological
nitrogen
fixation
(BNF)
is
a
key
process
for
the
N
input
in
agriculture,
with
outstanding
economic
and
environmental
benefits
from
replacement
of
chemical
fertilizers.
However,
not
all
symbioses
are
equally
effective
fixing
N2,
major
example
relies
on
high
contribution
associated
soybean
(Glycine
max),
contrasting
low
rates
reported
common
bean
(Phaseolus
vulgaris)
crop
worldwide.
Understanding
these
differences
represents
challenge
that
can
help
to
design
strategies
increase
BNF,
next-generation
sequencing
(NGS)
analyses
nodule
root
microbiomes
may
bring
new
insights
explain
differential
symbiotic
performances.
In
this
study,
three
treatments
evaluated
non-sterile
soil
conditions
were
investigated
both
legumes:
(i)
non-inoculated
control;
(ii)
inoculated
host-compatible
rhizobia;
(iii)
co-inoculated
rhizobia
Azospirillum
brasilense.
more
efficient
specific
symbiosis
soybean,
Bradyrhizobium
presented
abundance
nodules,
further
increases
inoculation.
Contrarily,
main
Rhizobium
symbiont
was
lower
nodules
did
inoculation,
which
often-reported
lack
response
legume
inoculation
elite
strains.
Co-inoculation
decreased
probably
because
competitiveness
among
species
at
rhizosphere,
but
increased
microbiomes.
The
results
showed
several
other
bacteria
compose
legumes,
including
nitrogen-fixing,
growth-promoters,
biocontrol
agents,
whose
plant
growth
deserves
investigation.
Several
genera
detected
microbiomes,
microbial
community
might
contribute
through
variety
processes.
massive
strains
should
be
better
investigated,
as
it
affect
microbiome,
verified
by
relative
diversity
indices,
impact
processes
growth.
