Phytomelatonin: an unexpected molecule with amazing performances in plants

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(17), С. 5779 - 5800

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2022

Phytomelatonin, a multifunctional molecule that has been found to be present in all plants examined date, an important role as modulatory agent (a biostimulator) improves plant tolerance both biotic and abiotic stress. We review of phytomelatonin considers its roles metabolism particular interactions with hormone network. In the primary plants, melatonin rate efficiency photosynthesis, well related factors such stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, Rubisco activity. It also shown down-regulate some senescence transcription factors. Melatonin up-regulates many enzyme transcripts carbohydrates (including sucrose starch), amino acids, lipid metabolism, optimizing N, P, S uptake. With respect secondary clear increases polyphenol, glucosinolate, terpenoid, alkaloid contents have described numerous melatonin-treated plants. Generally, most genes these biosynthesis pathways up-regulated by melatonin. The great regulatory capacity is result control redox networks. acts master regulator, up-/down-regulating different levels signalling, key player homeostasis. counteract diverse critical situations pathogen infections stresses, provide varying degrees tolerance. propose possible future applications for crop improvement post-harvest product preservation.

Язык: Английский

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Using Exogenous Melatonin, Glutathione, Proline, and Glycine Betaine Treatments to Combat Abiotic Stresses in Crops

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(21), С. 12913 - 12913

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, cold, and heavy metals, are associated with global climate change hamper plant growth development, affecting crop yields quality. However, the negative effects of abiotic stresses can be mitigated through exogenous treatments using small biomolecules. For example, foliar application melatonin provides following: it protects photosynthetic apparatus; increases antioxidant defenses, osmoprotectant, soluble sugar levels; prevents tissue damage reduces electrolyte leakage; improves reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging; biomass, maintains redox ion homeostasis, gaseous exchange. Glutathione spray upregulates glyoxalase system, methylglyoxal (MG) toxicity oxidative stress, decreases hydrogen peroxide malondialdehyde accumulation, defense mechanisms, repairs, nitrogen fixation, phytochelatins. The proline enhances other physiological characteristics, osmoprotection, integrity plasma lemma, lipid peroxidation, pigments, phenolic acids, flavonoids, amino stress tolerance, carbon leaf content. glycine betaine growth, osmoprotection osmoregulation, relative water content, net rate, catalase activity, photorespiration, leakage, oxygen-evolving complex, chlorosis. Chemical priming has various important advantages over transgenic technology is typically more affordable for farmers safe plants, people, animals, while being considered environmentally acceptable. helps to improve quality quantity yield. This review summarizes discusses how melatonin, glutathione, proline, help crops combat stresses.

Язык: Английский

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The function of plant PR1 and other members of the CAP protein superfamily in plant–pathogen interactions

Molecular Plant Pathology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 651 - 668

Опубликована: Март 17, 2023

Abstract The pathogenesis‐related (PR) proteins of plants have originally been identified as that are strongly induced upon biotic and abiotic stress. These fall into 17 distinct classes (PR1–PR17). mode action most these PR has well characterized, except for PR1, which belongs to a widespread superfamily share common CAP domain. Proteins this family not only expressed in but also humans many different pathogens, including phytopathogenic nematodes fungi. associated with diverse range physiological functions. However, their precise remained elusive. importance immune defence is illustrated by the fact PR1 overexpression results increased resistance against pathogens. PR1‐like produced pathogens deletion genes reduced virulence, suggesting can exert both defensive offensive Recent progress revealed plant proteolytically cleaved release C‐terminal CAPE1 peptide, sufficient activate an response. signalling peptide blocked pathogenic effectors evade defence. Moreover, forms complexes other members, PR5, known thaumatin, PR14, lipid transfer protein, enhance host's Here, we discuss possible functions interactors, particularly light bind lipids, important

Язык: Английский

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Phytomelatonin: A key regulator of redox and phytohormones signaling against biotic/abiotic stresses

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 64, С. 102805 - 102805

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Plants being sessile in nature, are exposed to unwarranted threats as a result of constantly changing environmental conditions. These adverse factors can have negative impacts on their growth, development, and yield. Hormones key signaling molecules enabling cells respond rapidly different external internal stimuli. In plants, melatonin (MT) plays critical role the integration various signals activation stress-response networks develop defense mechanisms plant resilience. Additionally, tackle stress-induced alteration cellular redox equilibrium by regulating expression hemostasis-related genes proteins. The purpose this article is compile summarize scientific research pertaining MT's effects plants' resilience biotic abiotic stresses. Here, we summarized that MT exerts synergistic effect with other phytohormones, for instance, ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic activates defense-related against phytopathogens. Furthermore, interacts secondary messengers like Ca2+, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species regulate network. This interaction triggers transcription alleviate stress-related responses plants. Hence, synergic diverse hormones demonstrates phytomelatonin's importance influencing multiple contribute harsh factors.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary formation of melatonin and vitamin D in early life forms: insects take centre stage

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 99(5), С. 1772 - 1790

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Melatonin, a product of tryptophan metabolism via serotonin, is molecule with an indole backbone that widely produced by bacteria, unicellular eukaryotic organisms, plants, fungi and all animal taxa. Aside from its role in the regulation circadian rhythms, it has diverse biological actions including cytoprotective responses other functions crucial for survival across different species. The latter properties are also shared metabolites kynuric products generated reactive oxygen species or phototransfomation induced ultraviolet radiation. Vitamins D related photoproducts originate phototransformation ∆5,7 sterols, which 7-dehydrocholesterol ergosterol examples. Their bonds B ring absorb solar radiation [290-315 nm, (UVB) radiation] resulting opening to produce previtamin D, referred as secosteroid. Once formed, can either undergo thermal-induced isomerization vitamin UVB be transformed into lumisterol tachysterol. Vitamin well tachysterol, hydroxylated cyochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes biologically active hydroxyderivatives. best known these 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25(OH)

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Metabolites of Bacillus velezensis FZB42 Reshape Rice Rhizosphere Microbial Community Composition and Induce Host Resistance Against Rhizoctonia solani

Current Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 41, С. 100440 - 100440

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk between Melatonin and Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses: An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(10), С. 5666 - 5666

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Melatonin acts as a multifunctional molecule that takes part in various physiological processes, especially the protection against abiotic stresses, such salinity, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, etc. These stresses typically elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Excessive ROS induce oxidative stress and decrease crop growth productivity. Significant advances melatonin initiate complex antioxidant system modulates homeostasis plants. Numerous evidences further reveal often cooperates with other signaling molecules, ROS, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The interaction among melatonin, NO, H2S, orchestrates responses to via networks, thus conferring plant tolerance. In this review, we summarize roles of establishing redox through current progress interactions higher stresses. We highlight vital role respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) during these processes. complicated integration occurs between plants is also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Melatonin functions in priming of stomatal immunity inPanax notoginseng and Arabidopsis thaliana

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 187(4), С. 2837 - 2851

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2021

Abstract Melatonin (MT) plays important roles in plant disease response, but the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that MT functions stomatal immunity Panax notoginseng and Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochemical analyses showed MT-induced closure a prominent role preventing invasion of bacteria Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 via activation mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species production P. notoginseng. The first putative phytomelatonin receptor 1 (PMTR1) is plasma membrane required for perceiving signaling MAPK. genetic tests found PMTR1 essential flg22- MAPK heterotrimeric GTP-binding Gα subunit GPA1-independent manner. GPA1 same pathways FLS2/BAK1 (Flagellin Sensing 2/Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1-associated 1)- as well PMTR1-mediated flg22 closure. stomata pmtr1 insensitive to flg22, application induces reduces bacterial growth fls2 bak1 plants, indicating might be downstream component FLS2- BAK1-mediated immunity. In summary, our results (i) demonstrate priming (ii) provide insights into transduction pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Phytomelatonin as a central molecule in plant disease resistance

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(17), С. 5874 - 5885

Опубликована: Март 11, 2022

Melatonin is an essential phytohormone in the regulation of many plant processes, including during development and response to stress. Pathogen infections cause serious damage plants reduce agricultural production. Recent studies indicate that melatonin plays important roles alleviating bacterial, fungal, viral diseases post-harvest fruits. Herein, we summarize information related effects on disease resistance. Melatonin, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species form a complex loop plant-pathogen interaction regulate Moreover, crosstalk with other phytohormones salicylic acid, jasmonic auxin, abscisic acid further activates defense genes. role not only immunity but also pathogenicity. We known processes by which mediates pathogenicity via negatively regulating expression levels genes cell viability as well virulence-related The multiple mechanisms underlying influences both support recognition nature interactions, highlighting phytomelatonin critical molecule immune responses.

Язык: Английский

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Melatonin as a regulator of plant ionic homeostasis: implications for abiotic stress tolerance

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(17), С. 5886 - 5902

Опубликована: Май 30, 2022

Abstract Melatonin is a highly conserved and ubiquitous molecule that operates upstream of broad array receptors in animal systems. Since melatonin was discovered plants 1995, hundreds papers have been published revealing its role plant growth, development, adaptive responses to the environment. This paper summarizes current state knowledge melatonin’s involvement regulating ion homeostasis abiotic stress tolerance. The major topics covered here are: (i) control H+-ATPase activity implication for various stresses; (ii) regulation reactive oxygen species (ROS)–Ca2+ hub by signaling; (iii) ionic via hormonal cross-talk. We also show properties allow direct scavenging ROS, thus preventing negative effects ROS-induced activation channels. above ‘desensitization’ may play critical stress-induced K+ loss from cytosol as well maintaining basic levels cytosolic Ca2+ required optimal cell operation. Future studies should focus on molecular identity transporters could be directly regulated providing bioinformatic analysis evolutionary aspects sensing signaling.

Язык: Английский

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