PD-1 and PD-L1: architects of immune symphony and immunotherapy breakthroughs in cancer treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein-1) and PD-L1 Ligand-1) play a crucial role in regulating the immune system preventing autoimmunity. Cancer cells can manipulate this system, allowing them to escape detection promote tumor growth. Therapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have transformed cancer treatment demonstrated significant effectiveness against various types. This study delves into structure signaling dynamics of its ligands PD-L1/PD-L2, diverse inhibitors their efficacy, resistance observed some patients. Furthermore, explored challenges associated with inhibitor approach. Recent advancements combination immunotherapy chemotherapy, radiation, surgical procedures enhance patient outcomes also been highlighted. Overall, offers an in-depth overview significance future implications oncology.

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic interactions of nanoparticles and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhancing soil-plant systems: a multigenerational perspective

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Sustainable food security and safety are major concerns on a global scale, especially in developed nations. Adverse agroclimatic conditions affect the largest agricultural-producing areas, which reduces production of crops. Achieving sustainable is challenging because several factors, such as soil flooding/waterlogging, ultraviolet (UV) rays, acidic/sodic soil, hazardous ions, low high temperatures, nutritional imbalances. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) widely employed in-vitro they recognized more environmentally sustainably friendly approach to increasing crop yield contaminated fertile soil. Conversely, use nanoparticles (NPs) an amendment has recently been proposed economical way enhance texture improving agricultural yields. Nowadays, various research experiments have combined or individually applied with PGPR NPs for balancing elements response control adverse situations, expectation that both additives might perform well together. According findings, interactive applications significantly increase yields than alone. The present review summarized functional mechanistic basis role NPs. However, this article focused potential direction realize possible interaction at large scale upcoming years.

Язык: Английский

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Interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with PVC-microplastics and chromium counteracts oxidative injuries in Trachyspermum ammi L. by modulating antioxidants and gene expression

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 274, С. 116181 - 116181

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

The emergence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (MPs) as pollutants in agricultural soils is increasingly alarming, presenting significant toxic threats to soil ecosystems. Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.), a plant medicinal and culinary value, subjected environmental stressors that threaten its growth productivity. This situation particularly acute given the well-documented toxicity chromium (Cr), which has been shown adversely affect biomass escalate risks productivity such economically therapeutically important species. present study was conducted investigate individual effects different levels PVC−MPs (0, 2, 4 mg L−1) Cr 150, 300 kg−1) on various aspects growth. Specifically, we examined biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress responses, antioxidant compound activity (both enzymatic nonenzymatic), gene expression, sugar content, nutritional status, organic acid exudation, accumulation parts L.) seedlings, were also exposed varying titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) 25, 50 µg mL−1). Results from showed increasing significantly decreased sugars, contents roots shoots plants. Conversely, increased indicators term malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, exudation pattern T. seedlings. Interestingly, application TiO2−NPs counteracted leading greater biomass. protective effect facilitated by NPs' ability sequester reactive oxygen species, thereby reducing lowering concentrations both Our research findings indicated enhance resilience seedlings toxicity, not only improved but healthier physiological state demonstrated more balanced acids, critical response mechanism metal stress.

Язык: Английский

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Advancing Arsenic Toxicity Mitigation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Rice Straw Biochar and Silicon: A Study on Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Responses

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(2), С. 2152 - 2166

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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RETRACTED: Proteomic modulation by arsenic and microplastic toxicity in the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

South African Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 166, С. 591 - 602

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Less is more: A new strategy combining nanomaterials and PGPB to promote plant growth and phytoremediation in contaminated soil

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 469, С. 134110 - 134110

Опубликована: Март 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Ameliorating arsenic and PVC microplastic stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using copper oxide nanoparticles: an environmental bioremediation approach

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2024

The present study investigates the impact of varying concentrations PVC microplastics (PVC–MPs) – specifically 0 (no PVC–MPs), 2, and 4 mg L− 1 –alongside different arsenic (As) levels As), 150, 300 kg− in soil, with concurrent application copper oxide–nanoparticles (CuO–NPs) at CuO –NPs), 25 50 µg mL− to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants. This research primarily aims assess plant growth biomass, photosynthetic pigments gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress indicators, as well response various antioxidants (both enzymatic non-enzymatic) their relevant genes expression, proline metabolism, AsA–GSH cycle, cellular fractionation within findings showed that increased PVC–MPs As soil significantly reduced pigments, characteristics. Additionally, roots shoots, evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), electrolyte leakage (EL), which turn stimulated production non-enzymatic antioxidants, gene sugar content. Furthermore, a notable increase pigmentation was observed. Conversely, CuO–NPs resulted substantial improvement activity along reduction stress. enhanced while decreasing metabolism AsA-GSH cycle H. These outcomes provide new insights into sustainable agricultural practices offer significant potential addressing critical challenges heavy metal contamination soils.

Язык: Английский

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Interaction Between Metal Nanoparticles and PGPR on the Plant Growth and Development

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Global agricultural production is facing a lot of challenges. The current practices seems to be incompetent meet the global food demands. increasing health and environmental concerns have also put forward challenge attaining in sustainable manner. synergistic interactions between different nanoparticles (NPs) Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) novel way improving plant its productivity. Different metal oxide NPs like silver, gold, zinc, titanium dioxide, zinc iron are known interact with PGPR These increase functioning microbial partner by growth promotion traits. co-inoculation their synergist can utilized productivity during exposure stresses salinity stress, heat drought heavy stress. plant-microbe interaction facilitated activate defense systems, activity antioxidant enzymes plants, trigger accumulation protective solutes proline glutathione that stressful conditions. In addition, this combinatorial approach for bio fortification plants.

Язык: Английский

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Application of silicon and sodium hydrosulfide alleviates arsenic toxicity by regulating the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of Zea mays

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(31), С. 76555 - 76574

Опубликована: Май 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Phytoremediation Strategies for Mitigating Environmental Toxicants

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(19), С. e38683 - e38683

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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