Natural products in anti-tuberculosis host-directed therapy

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 171, С. 116087 - 116087

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Given that the disease progression of tuberculosis (TB) is primarily related to host's immune status, it has been gradually realized chemotherapy targets bacteria may never, on its own, wholly eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causative agent TB. The concept host-directed therapy (HDT) with adjuvants emerged. HDT could potentially interfere infection and colonization by pathogens, enhance protective responses hosts, suppress overwhelming inflammatory responses, help attain a state homeostasis favors treatment efficacy. However, drugs currently being assessed in combination anti-TB still face dilemmas arising from side effects high costs. Natural products are well suited compensate for these shortcomings having gentle modulatory host less immunopathological damage at lower cost. In this review, we first summarize profiles immunology characteristics HDT. Then, focus rationale challenges developing implementing natural products-based A succinct report medications evaluated clinical trials preclinical studies provided. This review aims promote target-based screening accelerate novel TB drug discovery.

Язык: Английский

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Stressing the importance of plant specialized metabolites: omics-based approaches for discovering specialized metabolism in plant stress responses

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Plants produce a diverse range of specialized metabolites that play pivotal roles in mediating environmental interactions and stress adaptation. These unique chemical compounds also hold significant agricultural, medicinal, industrial values. Despite the expanding knowledge their functions plant interactions, understanding intricate biosynthetic pathways these natural products remains challenging due to gene pathway redundancy, multifunctionality proteins, activity enzymes with broad substrate specificity. In past decade, substantial progress genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics has made exploration metabolism more feasible than ever before. Notably, recent advances integrative multi-omics computational approaches, along other technologies, are accelerating discovery metabolism. this review, we present summary stress-related metabolites. Emphasis is placed on application advanced omics-based approaches techniques studying Additionally, discuss high-throughput methods for functional characterization. great promise harnessing potential enhance resilience future.

Язык: Английский

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Phytic acid pretreatment potentiates the biocontrol efficacy of Meyerozyma caribbica against Aspergillus carbonarius infection in table grapes: Insights from physiological and transcriptomic analyses

Postharvest Biology and Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 224, С. 113465 - 113465

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Phylogeny and Functional Differentiation of the Terpene Synthase Gene Family in Angiosperms with Emphasis on Rosa chinensis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(5), С. 2113 - 2113

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Terpenes are pivotal for plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stresses. With the advent of extensive genomic data sophisticated bioinformatics tools, new insights into evolutionary dynamics functional diversification terpene synthases (TPSs) have emerged. Despite genome-wide identifications TPS family in certain species, comprehensive cross-species analyses remain scarce. In this study, we conducted a identification subgroup classification families across 115 angiosperms with available sequences. Our phylogenomic synteny network analysis elucidated complex history genes, revealing notable expansions contractions among subgroups. Specifically, TPS-a showed significant expansion, while TPS-b was variably lost some Poaceae, indicating adaptive responses. TPS-c maintained considerable conservation whereas TPS-e/f diverged distinct trajectories despite overlap, TPS-e further splitting two angiosperm-specific clades. The TPS-g displayed lineage-restricted distribution, primarily super-rosids monocots. Notably, TPS-d TPS-h subgroups were absent angiosperms. Employing Rosa chinensis as case identified RcTPS23, conserved bifunctional synthase, highlighting utility prediction. This elucidates phylogenetic landscape angiosperms, providing robust framework predicting function guiding investigations.

Язык: Английский

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Microorganisms: The Key Regulators of Wine Quality

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(3)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Nowadays, microorganisms are recognized as pivotal regulators of winemaking processes, influencing the color, aroma, and taste wine. Regardless type quantity, metabolic activities them during fermentation significantly impact final quality They metabolize sugars other organic compounds, producing a diverse array metabolites that enrich wine's flavor profile. From esters contribute to fruity aromas pigments affect delicate balance microbial is essential for creating unique character. Still, different species may produce distinct metabolites, leading complex defining sensory attributes Skilled winemakers meticulously manage conditions guide these pathways, ensuring product achieves desired qualities from wines. However, no specific reports provide detailed comprehensive overview effects species. The dozens on wine were summarized in this paper, including yeast lactic acid bacteria with positive acetic mold negative effects. In addition, paper delves into interactions their synergies within fermentation, revealing how relationships shape chemical properties By providing scientific basis selection regulation, not only supports optimizing production processes improving but also highlights importance responding environmental changes consumer demands, thereby sustainable development core competitiveness future market.

Язык: Английский

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Larvicidal and Adulticidal Activity of Essential Oils from Four Cuban Plants against Three Mosquito Vector Species

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(23), С. 4009 - 4009

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Mosquitoes are one of the main vectors many important diseases and their degree resistance to chemical insecticides has increased. Nowadays, it become crucial identify novel plant larvicides with an eco-friendly impact. The components essential oils from Croton linearis Jacq. (EO-Cl), Lantana involucrata L. (EO-Li), Ocimum sanctum var. cubensis M. Gómez. (EO-Os), Zanthoxylum pistaciifolium Griseb. (syn. flavum subsp. (Griseb.) Reynel (EO-Zp) were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Larvicidal adulticidal bioassays against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles albitarsis Culex quinquefasciatus, performed according World Health Organization standard methods. A high diversity compounds was identified in four oils, a total 152 (33–70 components). EO-Cl, EO-Li, EO-Os classified as active both insect forms, larvae adults. showed best results, LC50 values 33.8 41.7 mg/L. In most cases, not possible associate measured activity, supporting hypothesis about probable synergistic interactions among major minor compounds. results indicate EO-Os, EO-Li good potential.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the versatility of sesquiterpene biosynthesis in guava plants: a comparative genome-wide analysis of two cultivars

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Abstract Psidium guajava L., a fruit crop belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is highly valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. The family exhibits diverse chemical profile of essential oils serves as valuable resource due ecological interactions, adaptability, dispersal capacity. has been extensively studied terpenoids. Genetic studies have focused on foliar terpene yield in species from Eucalypteae Melaleucaceae tribes. To understand evolutionary trends guava breeding, this study predicted synthase genes (TPS) different cultivars. Through analysis, 43 full-length TPS were identified, approximately 77% them exhibited relative expression at least one five investigated plant tissues (root, leaf, bud, flower, fruit) two We identified intra-species variation single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) twelve genes, resulting clustering 62 genotypes according their oil chemotypes. high concentration sesquiterpenes supported by higher number TPS-a expression. expansion sub-families P. occurred after other rosids species. Providing insight into origin structural diversification each clade gene within Myrtaceae. This can provide insights diversity specialized metabolites such terpenes, regulation, which lead chemotype genotypes. suggests mode enzymatic evolution that could sesquiterpene production, act defense contribute adaptive capacity habitats.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Terpenoids for Depression and Anxiety

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

Abstract This review focus on the terpenoids as potential therapeutic agents for depression and anxiety disorders, which naturally found in a variety of plants exhibit wide range biological activities. Among discussed this are α‐pinene, β‐caryophyllene, α‐phellandrene, limonene, β‐linalool, 1, 8‐cineole, β‐pinene, caryophyllene oxide, p‐cymene, eugenol. All these compounds have been studied extensively regarding their pharmacological properties, such neuroprotective effect, anti‐inflammation, antibacterial, regulation neurotransmitters antioxidant effect. Preclinical evidence reviewed to highlight diverse mechanisms action support antidepressant anxiolytic properties. Additionally, challenges future directions also emphasize utility mental health disorders. Overall, provides promising role novel anxiety, with implications development more effective well‐tolerated treatments field psychopharmacology.

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of the main terpenoids biosynthesis and accumulation in fruit trees

Horticultural Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Grapevine genome analysis demonstrates the role of gene copy number variation in the formation of monoterpenes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 16, 2023

Volatile organic compounds such as terpenes influence the quality parameters of grapevine through their contribution to flavour and aroma profile berries. Biosynthesis volatile in is relatively complex controlled by multiple genes, majority which are unknown or uncharacterised. To identify genomic regions that associate with modulation these berries, metabolic data generated via GC-MS from a mapping population was used quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Several significant QTLs were associated terpenes, candidate genes proposed for sesquiterpene monoterpene biosynthesis. For monoterpenes, on chromosomes 12 13 shown be geraniol cyclic accumulation, respectively. The locus chromosome contain synthase gene (VvGer), while contained an α-terpineol (VvTer). Molecular investigation VvGer VvTer revealed found tandemly duplicated clusters, displaying high levels hemizygosity. Gene copy number analysis further showed not only did numbers vary within population, but also across recently sequenced Vitis cultivars. Significantly, correlated both expression accumulation population. A hypothesis hyper-functional allele linked increased presented can potentially lead selection cultivars modulated terpene profiles. study highlights impact VvTPS duplication variation grapevine.

Язык: Английский

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