Advances in the molecular mechanism of grapevine resistance to fungal diseases

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract Grapevine is an important economic fruit tree worldwide, but grape production has been plagued by a vast number of fungal diseases, which affect vigor and the quality yield berries. To seek remedies for such issues, researchers have always committed to conventional biotechnological breeding. In recent years, increasing progress made in elucidating molecular mechanisms grape–pathogenic fungi interactions resistance regulation. Here, we summarize current knowledge on basis grapevine including effector-mediated susceptibility resistance, resistant regulatory networks grapevine, innovative approaches genetic transformation, strategies improve resistance. Understanding exploring accurately regulating diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Exogenous Abscisic Acid on the Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Camellia oleifera Seedlings under Drought Stress

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 225 - 225

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024

This study comprehensively investigates the physiological and molecular regulatory mechanisms of Camellia oleifera seedlings under drought stress with a soil moisture content about 30%, where exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) was applied via foliar spraying at concentrations 50 µg/L, 100 200 µg/L. The results demonstrated that appropriate ABA treatment can regulate state through multiple pathways, including photosynthesis, oxidative response, osmotic balance, thereby aiding in restructuring their response strategy. effectively activated antioxidant system by reducing stomatal conductance moderately inhibiting photosynthetic rate, thus alleviating damage caused stress. Additionally, promoted synthesis regulators such as proline, maintaining cellular turgor stability enhancing plant’s adaptability. real-time quantitative PCR related genes indicated enhanced to signaling pathway improved disease resistance regulating expression genes, while also membrane lipid stability. A comprehensive evaluation using membership function approach suggested µg/L may be most-effective mitigating effects practical applications, followed ABA. application for 7 h induced significant changes various biochemical parameters, compared water spray. Notably, superoxide dismutase activity increased 17.94%, peroxidase 30.27%, glutathione 12.41%, proline levels 25.76%. soluble sugars proteins rose 14.79% 87.95%, respectively. there decrease 31.15% malondialdehyde levels.

Язык: Английский

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Grapevine gray mold disease: infection, defense and management

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(9)

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

Abstract Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.,) is among the world’s leading fruit crops. The production of grapes severely affected by many diseases including gray mold, caused necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Although all Vitis species can be hosts for B. cinerea, V. are particularly susceptible. Accordingly, this disease poses a significant threat to grape industry and causes substantial economic losses. Development resistant cultivars has progressed from incidental selection farmers, targeted through use statistics experimental design, employment genetic genomic data. Emerging technologies such as marker-assisted engineering have facilitated development that possess resistance A promising method involves using CRISPR/Cas9 system induce mutagenesis develop genetically modified non-transgenic Hence, scientists now engaged in active pursuit identifying genes associated with susceptibility resistance. This review focuses on known mechanisms interaction between cinerea pathogen its grapevine host. It also explores innate immune systems evolved vinifera, objective facilitating rapid cultivars.

Язык: Английский

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New improvements in grapevine genome editing: high efficiency biallelic homozygous knock-out from regenerated plantlets by using an optimized zCas9i

Plant Methods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Abstract Background For ten years, CRISPR/cas9 system has become a very useful tool for obtaining site-specific mutations on targeted genes in many plant organisms. This technology opens up wide range of possibilities improved breeding the future. In plants, CRISPR/Cas9 is mostly used through stable transformation with constructs that allow expression Cas9 gene and sgRNA. Numerous studies have shown mutation efficiency can vary greatly between different species due to factors such as efficiency, expression, nucleotide sequence, addition intronic sequences, other parameters. Since 2016, when first edited grapevine was created, number using functional genomic approaches remained low difficulties editing efficiency. this study, we optimized process obtain generate knock-out mutants ( Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Chardonnay’). Building existing methods transformation, method selecting transformed plants at chosen steps developing fluorescence microscopy. Results By comparison two promoters, increased maize-codon containing 13 introns (zCas9i), achieving 100% biallelic plantlets ‘Chardonnay’. These results are directly correlated level. Conclusions Taken together, our highlight complete methodology homozygous future programs grapevine.

Язык: Английский

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Genome editing of a recalcitrant wine grape genotype by lipofectamine‐mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins to protoplasts

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 119(1), С. 404 - 412

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

SUMMARY The main bottleneck in the application of biotechnological breeding methods to woody species is due vitro regeneration recalcitrance shown by several genotypes. On other side, species, especially grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.), use most pesticides and expensive inputs agriculture, making development efficient approaches genetic improvement absolutely urgent. Genome editing an extremely promising technique particularly for wine grape genotypes, as it allows modify desired gene a single step, preserving all quality traits selected appreciated elite varieties. A genome protocol production transgene‐free plants, exploiting lipofectamine‐mediated direct delivery CRISPR–Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) target phytoene desaturase gene, reported. We focused on Nebbiolo V. ), recalcitrant genotype used produce outstanding wines, such Barolo Barbaresco. PEG‐mediated method available literature employed highly embryogenic genotypes did not allow proper embryo Nebbiolo. Lipofectamines, contrary, have negative impact protoplast viability plant regeneration, leading obtainment fully developed edited plants after about 5 months from transfection. Our work represents one first examples lipofectamine delivering reagents protoplasts. important result achieved could be extended varieties species.

Язык: Английский

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Knock-out of BnHva22c reduces the susceptibility of Brassica napus to infection with the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum

The Crop Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2), С. 503 - 514

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Verticillium longisporum (Vl43) is a soilborne hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causing stem striping on oilseed rape (OSR) and severe yield losses. Breeding for resistant varieties the most promising approach to control this disease. Here, we report identification of Hva22c as novel susceptibility factor its potential improving OSR resistance. member Hva22 gene family, originally described barley (Hordeum vulgare). Several members have been located at endoplasmic reticulum. up-regulated in response Vl43 both Arabidopsis OSR. We demonstrate that knock-out by CRISPR/Cas9 homolog T-DNA insertion reduced plants' infection impaired development disease symptoms. To understand underlying mechanism, analysed transcriptomic data from infected non-infected roots hva22c wild type plants. identified homozygous mutant with frame-shifts all four BnHva22c loci displaying vastly altered transcriptional landscape 6 dpi. Significantly, large set genes was suppressed under mock conditions including related endomembrane systems. Among found several defense-related phytohormone-responsive when comparing type. These results functionally required fully compatible plant-fungus interaction. Its loss function reduces plant susceptibility, likely due endoplasmatic reticulum Golgi dysfunction accompanied additionally activated defense responses. findings can help improve resistance V. infection.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR/Cas in Grapevine Genome Editing: The Best Is Yet to Come

Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(9), С. 965 - 965

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2024

The advent of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as a revolutionary innovation in genome editing has greatly promoted targeted modification and trait improvement most plant species. For grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), perennial woody species, CRISPR/Cas is an extremely promising technique for genetic short period. Advances have been achieved by using CRISPR technology recent years, which promises to accelerate grapevine. In this review, we describe the development advances CRISPR/Cas9 its orthologs variants. We summarize applications discuss challenges facing well possible strategies that could be used improve addition, outline future perspectives model system, precise editing, accelerated improvement, transgene-free editing. believe will play more important role exciting bright expected economically significant

Язык: Английский

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Insights into the Transcriptional Reprogramming of Peach Leaves Inoculated with Taphrina deformans

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 861 - 861

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

The dimorphic fungus Taphrina deformans is the causal agent of peach leaf curl disease, which affects leaves, flowers, and fruits. An RNA-seq approach was employed to gain insights into transcriptional reprogramming a cultivar during inoculation with yeast phase across compatible interaction. results uncovered modulations specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in peaches pathways related either induction host defense responses or pathogen colonization disease spread. Expression profiles DEGs were shown be highly time-dependent presence two forms fungal growth, inoculated form later biotrophic mycelial development. In parallel, this differential consistent diphasic detection load challenged leaves over 120 h after (HAI) period. Leaf occurred early at 24 HAI, mediated primarily by cell wall modification processes, more pronouncedly 72 as revealed activation perception, signaling transduction, secondary metabolism towards restraining further hypha proliferation. On contrary, expression patterns HAI might contribute susceptibility. These findings will allow us elucidate molecular beyond peach—T.

Язык: Английский

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Establishing a reliable protoplast system for grapevine: isolation, transformation, and callus induction

PROTOPLASMA, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Abstract Protoplasts are single cells enclosed by the plasma membrane after cell wall removal. They widely used in various biotechnological applications, including gene functional analysis, verification of genome editing reagents, and plant regeneration. Recent advances have enabled production non-chimeric transgene-free genome-edited plants using protoplasts. This process involves protoplast isolation, transformation, regeneration, requiring advanced technical skills. Challenges isolation regeneration limited their use editing. In grapevines, however, very few studies reported protoplasts isolated from leaves. Efficient transformation protocols for Chardonnay remain lacking require cultivar-specific optimization. this study, we established a reliable efficient system optimizing conditions PEG-mediated cultivar. The yield viable was approximately 75 × 10 6 per gram leaf material, with viability 91%. A efficiency 87% achieved under optimized conditions. To evaluate ability mesophyll protoplast, transformed untransformed were cultured on solid liquid MS media supplemented 2 mg/L 2,4-D 0.5 BA to facilitate microcalli formation. Microcalli formed feeder layer developed into calli when transferred culture BA. However, unable regenerate roots or shoots. These findings provide foundation further optimization protoplast-based systems potential enhance applications species.

Язык: Английский

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A new climate for genomic and epigenomic innovation in grapevine

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Май 11, 2025

Язык: Английский

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