Crop Landraces and Indigenous Varieties: A Valuable Source of Genes for Plant Breeding

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(6), С. 758 - 758

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Landraces and indigenous varieties comprise valuable sources of crop species diversity. Their utilization in plant breeding may lead to increased yield enhanced quality traits, as well resilience various abiotic biotic stresses. Recently, new approaches based on the rapid advancement genomic technologies such deciphering pangenomes, multi-omics tools, marker-assisted selection (MAS), genome-wide association studies (GWAS), CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing greatly facilitated exploitation landraces modern breeding. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview implementation highlight their importance pinpointing genetic basis desirable traits annual, perennial herbaceous, woody cultivated Mediterranean region. The need for further employment advanced -omic unravel full potential underutilized diversity is also indicated. Ultimately, large amount data emerging from investigation reveals source genes role mitigating ongoing risks posed by climate change agriculture food security highlighted.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in the molecular mechanism of grapevine resistance to fungal diseases

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract Grapevine is an important economic fruit tree worldwide, but grape production has been plagued by a vast number of fungal diseases, which affect vigor and the quality yield berries. To seek remedies for such issues, researchers have always committed to conventional biotechnological breeding. In recent years, increasing progress made in elucidating molecular mechanisms grape–pathogenic fungi interactions resistance regulation. Here, we summarize current knowledge on basis grapevine including effector-mediated susceptibility resistance, resistant regulatory networks grapevine, innovative approaches genetic transformation, strategies improve resistance. Understanding exploring accurately regulating diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Revitalizing agriculture: next-generation genotyping and -omics technologies enabling molecular prediction of resilient traits in the Solanaceae family

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

This review highlights -omics research in Solanaceae family, with a particular focus on resilient traits. Extensive has enriched our understanding of genomics and genetics, historical varietal development mainly focusing disease resistance cultivar improvement but shifting the emphasis towards unveiling resilience mechanisms genebank-preserved germplasm is nowadays crucial. Collecting such information, might help researchers breeders developing new experimental design, providing an overview state art most advanced approaches for identification genetic elements laying behind resilience. Building this starting point, we aim at useful tool tackling global agricultural goals these crops.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Ranunculus asiaticus L. genome assembly and annotation based on long-read sequencing technology

Acta Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1417, С. 23 - 28

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Genome Scan Analysis for Advancing Knowledge and Conservation Strategies of Primitivo Clones (Vitis vinifera L.)

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 437 - 437

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2025

The success of the Primitivo variety underscores critical need for managing clone genetic conservation, utilization, and improvement. By combining genomic environmental data, breeders can better predict performance varieties, thereby improving breeding efficiency enabling more targeted development high-quality grapevine cultivars. In this study, 35 clones were analysed, including selected certified that have been propagated over several years in Apulia. Genetic variability among was assessed through genotyping by sequencing. Using 38,387 filtered SNPs, pairwise identity-by-state (IBS) analysis demonstrated uniqueness (IBS < 0.75), indicating a high degree samples. diversity revealed three primary groups, which differentiated based on geographic origin. from Gioia del Colle grouped into two distinct clusters, aligns with observed variation grape-related traits. fixation index (FST > 0.50) identified numerous loci putatively associated stress responses developmental traits, genes involved key plant biological processes, response regulation, adaptation to conditions such as glutamate receptors, auxin, ethylene signalling.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic Resources for Viticulture

Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(4), С. 362 - 362

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and economically valuable horticultural crops globally [...]

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Abiotic Stress Resilience in Mediterranean Woody Perennial Fruit Crops: Genetic, Epigenetic, and Microbial Molecular Perspectives in the Face of Climate Change

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 3160 - 3160

Опубликована: Март 29, 2025

Enhanced abiotic stresses such as increased drought, elevated temperatures, salinity, and extreme weather phenomena severely affect major crops in the Mediterranean area, a ‘hot spot’ of climate change. Plants have evolved mechanisms to face stressful conditions adapt environmental pressures. Intricate molecular processes involving genetic epigenetic factors plant–microbe interactions been implicated response tolerance stress. Deciphering whereby plants perceive respond stress is crucial for developing strategies counteract challenges. Progress determining genes, complex gene networks, biochemical pathways, well plant–microbiota crosstalk, involved has achieved through application tools diverse resources. This knowledge could be particularly useful accelerating plant improvement generating resilient varieties, especially concerning woody perennial crops, where classical breeding lengthy labor-intensive process. Similarly, understanding provide insights into innovative approaches facing conditions. In this review, we comprehensive overview discuss recent findings genetic, epigenetic, microbial aspects shaping responses, context enhancing resilience important fruit crops.

Язык: Английский

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Sensing, Adapting and Thriving: How Fruit Crops Combat Abiotic Stresses

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

ABSTRACT Production of high‐yield and high‐quality fruits is always the long‐term objective fruit crop cultivation, which, however, challenged by various abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperatures high salinity, adverse impacts on crops are exacerbated climate change in recent years. To cope with these environmental stressors, have evolved adaptative strategies involving physiological changes molecular regulation. In this review, we summarise relevent photosynthesis, osmotic reactive oxygen species (ROS) equilibrium, metabolism protein homeostasis response to stresses. Moreover, perception stimuli well progress underlying regulatory mechanisms also discussed. Based our current knowledge, possible for stress resilience improvement accordingly proposed. addition, discuss challenges identification key nodes plant responses multiple development stress‐resilient crops, addressing issues future would advance understanding how combat facilitate breeding superior that can adapt thrive changing environments.

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of Bunch Compactness in a Diverse Collection of Vitis vinifera L. Table Grape Cultivar Genotypes Reveals New Candidate Genes Associated with Berry Number

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(9), С. 1308 - 1308

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025

Bunch compactness (BC) is a complex, multi-trait characteristic that has been studied mostly in the context of wine grapes, with table grapes being scarcely considered. As these groups have marked phenotypic and genetic differences, including BC, study this trait reported here using genetically diverse collection 116 Vitis vinifera L. cultivars lines enriched for over two seasons. For this, 3D scanning-based morphological data were combined ground measurements 14 BC-related traits, observing high correlations among both approaches (R2 > 0.90-0.97). The multivariate analysis suggests attributes 'berries per bunch', 'berry weight width', 'bunch length' could be considered as main descriptors optimizing evaluation times. Then, GWASs based on set 70,335 SNPs revealed GBS same population enabled detection several associated different sub-traits, locus bunch' chromosome (chr) 18 most prominent. Enrichment significant frequent found simultaneously traits seasons over-representation discrete functions such alpha-linolenic acid metabolism glycan degradation. In summary, utility automated phenotyping was validated grape backgrounds, new candidate genes BC detected. latter eventually become selection tool grapevine breeding programs.

Язык: Английский

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A new climate for genomic and epigenomic innovation in grapevine

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Май 11, 2025

Язык: Английский

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