Evaluating the contribution of antimicrobial use in farmed animals to global antimicrobial resistance in humans

One Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17, С. 100647 - 100647

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently regarded by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of most significant risks to global public health. The critical causes AMR infections in humans are misuse and overuse antimicrobials farmed animals. rising demand for food animal origin encourages increase production worldwide, especially developing countries. Simultaneously, current farming practices often extensively use on animals, influencing bacterial incidence. This study aims evaluate correlation between antimicrobial (AMU) animals detection humans, effects enforcing laws a country situation neighbors, potential spread from another. Using data 30 largest animal-producing countries different regions world, 2010 2020, Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), we found that AMU increases there spatial dependence regarding spreading. Such findings indicate globally coordinated strategy regulating may reduce emergence worldwide

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of Antibiotic Use and the Frequency of Diseases Depending on the Size of Herd and the Type of Cattle Breeding

Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(13), С. 1889 - 1889

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Diseases are responsible for losses in livestock production by increasing animal mortality and reducing productivity. The administration of antibiotics can help mitigate these negative effects. However, inappropriate use lead to severe complications, such as raising antibiotic resistance. purpose this study was perform a comparative analysis disease frequency over four years, based on the size dairy farms type farm. covered 4-year period included medium (20–50 cows, n = 13), large (>250 8), beef (n 8). collected data involved antimicrobial but also farm demographics, health, frequency, herd management practices. criteria used categorise into groups A–D were EMA guidelines. carried-out showed that cattle had highest consumption (18.29 mg·PCU−1), due high diseases, consequently, treatment calf (diarrhoea, lung inflammations) cow diseases (general mastitis). Cattle suffer mainly from general caused maintenance conditions. restrict was, some cases, unjustified (antibiotics dry therapy). Future studies should consider larger number farms, taking account given direction production.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotic-perturbed microbiota and the role of probiotics

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(3), С. 155 - 172

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Molecular characterization and prevalence of β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in livestock and poultry slaughterhouses wastewater in Iran

Journal of Water and Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(3), С. 572 - 583

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales bacteria cause severe hard-to-treat infections. Currently, they are spreading beyond hospitals and becoming a serious global health concern. This study investigated the prevalence molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase AmpC-type β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-PE, AmpC-PE) in wastewater from livestock poultry slaughterhouses Ardabil, Iran. A total 80 belonging to 9 species were identified. Among isolates, Escherichia coli (n = 21/80; 26.2%) Citrobacter spp. 18/80; 22.5%) exhibited highest frequency. Overall, 18.7% 15/80) 2.5% 2/80) found be ESBL AmpC producers, respectively. The most common producer isolates E. 9/21; 42.8%) Klebsiella pneumoniae 6/7; 85.7%). All AmpC-PE belonged strains 2/21; 9.5%). In this study, 80% ESBL-PE 100% recovered slaughterhouse wastewater. multidrug-resistant. total, 93.3% harbored blaCTX-M gene, with blaCTX-M-15 being subgroup. emergence food-producing animals allows for zoonotic transmission humans through contaminated food products contaminations environment.

Язык: Английский

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Short-Term Effects of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs on Antibiotics Usage, Clinical Outcomes, and Multidrug Resistant Organisms in the Post COVID-19 Era

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(5), С. 819 - 824

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance is associated with increasing mortality rates and the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. There scarcity data on short-term impact Stewardship Programs (ASP) antibiotic usage, clinical outcome MDR organisms' pattern following COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated effects ASP outcomes in post era. Conducted at a tertiary academic health center, this observational involved adult patients (≥18 years) general medical unit, treated oral or intravenous antibiotics from May 1, 2021, to April 30, 2022. The applied strategy was prospective audit feedback where weekly meeting held discuss antimicrobial therapy admitted patient, after which recommendations were made regarding use. included 301 166 (55.1%) pre-ASP 135 (44.9%) post-ASP. median (IQR) age 69 (55-77) years 56.1% female. Antibiotic usage dropped by 25.2% length hospital stay (LOS) longer post-ASP (7 days vs. 7.9 days, p = 0.001), infections being significant predictor (OR: 0.486, <0.001). no differences 28-day readmission, recurrence all-cause mortality. Post-ASP, pathogens increased (17.0% 6.6%, 0.013), However, separating into two three-months periods, MDROs numbers decreased slightly (13 10). Short-term implementation reduced while other remained unchanged. Nonetheless an increase LOS observed. Further research required assess ASP's long-term rates. specific patient group outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Nonenteric Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology and Resistance Patterns in Albania

Global Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2025(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health crisis that complicates the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). While Enterobacterales are primary UTI pathogens, nonenteric pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Burkholderia cepacia and Enterococcus spp. increasingly recognized, posing challenges due to their complex mechanisms. This study aims investigate prevalence, patterns, multidrug (MDR) in community‐acquired UTIs Albania. Materials Methods: The was conducted an outpatient clinic from September 2023 2024, involving adults (≥ 18 years) excluding individuals with recent antibiotic use or pregnancy. Urine samples were processed using blood MacConkey Agar, followed by bacterial identification susceptibility testing VITEK 2 system. A total 11 antibiotics belonging β ‐lactams, fluoroquinolones, glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones, lipopeptides, glycopeptides, tetracyclines tested. Statistical analysis performed SPSS, significance set at p < 0.05. Results: 550 urine cultures analyzed, which 372 (67.6%) positive for growth. Among these, 27.7% identified higher occurrence females (66%) young (18–39 (60.2%). faecalis most common Gram‐positive pathogen (15.2% samples), while P. frequent Gram‐negative (9.1%). showed significant tigecycline (91.2%) levofloxacin (38.2%), no meropenem. E. high vancomycin (53.6%) teicoplanin (46.4%), S. saprophyticus moderate resistance. MDR prevalence highest (26.5%). Conclusion: highlights Albania, particularly among females, concerning rates. To address these challenges, it crucial implement standardized protocols, improve stewardship, promote research track ultimately enhancing patient care combating

Язык: Английский

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Fecal carriage of ESBL-, carbapenemase- and AmpC- producing Escherichia coli in cattle and sheep in Algeria: Emergence of NDM and OXA-181

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025

Introduction: The spread of third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Escherichia coli in food-producing animals poses a significant threat to public health, with limited data from cattle and sheep Algeria. This study investigated the prevalence 3GC-resistant E. coli in Guelma, northeast Methodology: 285 fecal samples were collected (n=145) (n=140) on 28 farms. Samples screened for coli. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested, ESBL carbapenemase production evaluated using double disc EDTA tests. PCR identified resistance integron genes. Results: Twenty-seven cefotaxime-resistant isolates detected 17% bovine 1% ovine samples, spanning 43% Multidrug observed 85% isolates, high β-lactams, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. following beta-lactamase genes detected: bla_CTX-M (74%), bla_CMY (44%), bla_NDM-1 (37%), bla_OXA-181 (4%) identified. Class 1 integrons also ten isolates. Conclusions: These findings emphasize presence ESBL-, AmpC-, carbapenemase-producing among Algerian livestock, highlighting need comprehensive monitoring control manage these resistant bacteria.

Язык: Английский

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Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) Supply Chain Using Nanopore Sequencing

Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(10), С. 1691 - 1691

Опубликована: Май 10, 2025

Intensive fish farming worldwide has increased reliance on antibiotics to control bacterial pathogens, raising concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture. These resistant bacteria can persist and pass through the food supply chain, from farms consumers. Despite this risk, genes (ARGs) aquaculture environments products have not been elucidated. This study aimed detect ARGs found Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), an economically important Thailand, collected farms, container vehicles, markets, using Nanopore metagenomic sequencing. We detected multiple all sample types. Water samples harbored rpsL gene conferring streptomycin resistance. Container exhibited highest diversity of ARGs, including beta-lactamases rsmA gene, fluoroquinolones, diaminopyrimidines, phenicol antibiotics. Fish generally lacked except for one harboring rsmA. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed distinct microbial communities water, compared with those samples, indicating potential cross-contamination during handling or storage. Our findings emphasize that containers could be critical points minimizing AMR spread. Overall, highlights interconnection between environmental, fish, human health, highlighting importance integrated surveillance management systems.

Язык: Английский

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Is Deuterium Sequestering by Reactive Carbon Atoms an Important Mechanism to Reduce Deuterium Content in Biological Water?

FASEB BioAdvances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

ABSTRACT Deuterium is a natural heavy isotope of hydrogen, having neutron as well proton. disrupts ATP synthesis in mitochondria, causing increased production reactive oxygen species and reduced ATP. Gut microbes likely play significant role providing deuterium depleted short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to human colonocytes through hydrogen gas recycling. The (deupleted) nutrients necessarily leaves behind enriched water, unless there process that can sequester small molecules are excreted the feces. Here, we provide evidence number classes uniquely structured carbon‐nitrogen rings bis‐allylic carbon atoms certain biologically active may crucial sequestering for export into feces or urine. Specifically, have identified imidazole ring present histidine, histamine, microbial derivatives tetraterpenoid lutein, bilirubin urobilinogen stercobilinogen produced by gut microbes, carbons polyunsaturated candidates thereby reducing levels water‐based medium. Normally, never exchange their bound protons with deuterons from medium, but all above important exceptions this rule, has been shown experimentally.

Язык: Английский

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Superbugs

Nursing Made Incredibly Easy!, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global threat, and nurses play key role in addressing it. This article explores how can support responsible antibiotic use help protect patients across care settings.

Язык: Английский

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