Morpho-physiological and metabolites alteration in the susceptible and tolerant genotypes of sesame under waterlogging stress and post-waterlogging recovery

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. 100361 - 100361

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024

Among the oil-seed crops, Sesamum indicum L. is an important nutritionally rich crop, well adapted to grow in semi-arid regions. Waterlogging stress adversely affects growth of sesame by limiting diffused oxygen availability soil and generating hypoxic, subsequently anoxic conditions. The present study aimed screen 1,006 accessions for waterlogging response at seedling stage identify most tolerant susceptible genotype. investigation revealed that, 48 h are detrimental 10 days post-waterlogging impede crop survival. screened were narrowed down 8 detect morphological alterations, characteristics such as shoot height, root length, SPAD, branches per plant relative water content found maximum PB-Til 2 accession EC377024. EC377024 IC129289 identified positive check, genotypes respectively, which drove interest elucidate physiological antioxidant behaviour. In addition, leaf photosynthetic parameters (net assimilation, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, area, width perimeter) significantly higher check Enzymatic (SOD, CAT APX) non-enzymatic (TFC, TPC, DPPH, FRAP, TAA, MDA proline) activity was notably lower IC129289. DAB NBT assay confirmed damages from free radicals compared Moreover, contrasting gene expression profiling (POD RBOH-C), carbohydrate metabolism (SuSy2 StSy1), phosphate group (PSRG), hormone (ERF RAP 2-7, ACC) tolerance under Besides, metabolomics control indicate significant accumulated metabolites fatty acid (decanoate), carbohydrate, amino acid, Shikimate, MEP (5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate-3-phosphate) Krebs cycle Xanthophyll pathways. This comprehensive combination morpho-physiological, biochemical, molecular metabolomic characterizations highlight responsive mechanisms between (EC377024) (IC129289) genotypes.

Язык: Английский

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Exogenous application of nano-silicon, potassium sulfate, or proline enhances physiological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and agronomic traits of diverse rice genotypes under water deficit conditions

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(5), С. e26077 - e26077

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Water deficit is a critical obstacle that devastatingly impacts rice production, particularly in arid regions under current climatic fluctuations. Accordingly, it decisive to reinforce the drought tolerance of by employing sustainable approaches enhance global food security. The present study aimed at exploring effect exogenous application using different biostimulants on physiological, morphological, and yield attributes diverse genotypes water well-watered conditions 2-year field trial. Three (IRAT-112, Giza-178, IR-64) were evaluated (14400 m

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing soybean germination and vigor under water stress: the efficacy of bio-priming with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and gum arabic

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Seed priming can significantly enhance the tolerance of soybean against different environmental stresses by improving seed water uptake and modulating stress-response mechanisms. In particular, with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) gum Arabic (GA) support seeds to withstand extreme conditions better, promoting more consistent germination robust seedling establishment, which is crucial for achieving stable agricultural yields. The present study investigated effects using a combination SCMC GA (10% CG) on germination, growth, biochemical responses six varieties under drought flooding stress conditions. results revealed significant differences among applied treatments vigor, physiological traits. Under stress, 10% CG improved percentage, rate, shoot length, root biomass compared unprimed seeds. Notable reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) content enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), suggest that mitigates oxidative damage through defense Moreover, growth parameters but advantages were less significant. addition, treatment reduced electrolyte conductivity (EC) across all seeds, indicating membrane stability. Overall, was effective conditions, demonstrating potential strategy enhancing varieties.

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic effects of clove fruit extract and nano-silicon to enhance drought resilience and productivity of soybean through improved plant defense mechanisms

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in drought-resilient soybeans (Glycine max L.): unraveling the morphological, physio-biochemical traits, and expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes

Botanical studies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 66(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

Abstract Background Drought stress is a catastrophic abiotic stressor that impedes the worldwide output of commodities and development plants. The Utilizing biological antioxidant stimulators, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one example increased plants' ability to withstand effects drought. symbiotic response soybean ( Glycine max L.) AMF inoculation was assessed in experiment presented herewith at different watering regimes (field capacity 25, 50, 90%). vegetative, physio-biochemical traits, regulation genes involved polyamine synthesis G. plants were evaluated. Results results obtained suggested has an advantage over non-inoculated terms their growth all criteria, which responded drought by showing slower development. It evident gas exchange parameters plant substantially reduced 36.79 (photosynthetic rate; A ), 60.59 (transpiration E 53.50% (stomatal conductance gs respectively, under severe comparison control; non-stressed treatment. However, resulted 40.87, 29.89, 33.65% increase , levels, extremely drought-stressful circumstances, when contrast non-AMF grown well-watered conditions. level inversely proportional colonization. total capacity, protein, proline contents enhanced inoculation, while malondialdehyde hydrogen peroxide decreased. Polyamine biosynthesis expression; Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC2), Spermidine synthase (SPDS) Spermine (SpS) upregulated even higher AMF’s mild inoculated plants’ shoots. This implies plays apart survival stressed membranes damage limiting excessive production oxidative generators; ROS. Conclusions In summary, present investigation demonstrates may be supportable environmentally advantageous method for improving growth, incident limited water availability.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Drought Tolerance and Water Productivity of Diverse Maize Hybrids (Zea mays) Using Exogenously Applied Biostimulants under Varying Irrigation Levels

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(5), С. 1320 - 1320

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Water deficit is a decisive challenge that tremendously affects maize physiological functions and productivity. Hence, it crucial to ameliorate its tolerance drought stress, in particular under abrupt climate change growing population. The present study aimed explore the influence of exogenously sprayed moringa seed extract (Moringa oleifera) α-tocopherol on physio-biochemical, morphological, yield attributes six diverse hybrids three irrigation levels poor-fertility sandy soil. applied regimes were based estimated crop evapotranspiration (ET) using FAO Penman–Monteith equation. A split–split plot arrangement with randomized complete block design replicates was for different treatments. Irrigation (100% ET, 75% ET 50% ET) established main plots, while foliar applications (moringa α-tocopherol) located subplots assessed (SC162, SC166, SC167, SC168, SC176, SC178) subsubplots. Mild (75% severe (50% stress gradually reduced gas exchange, photosynthetic efficiency, water relations, traits compared well-watered conditions ET). However, application or effective reinforcing by enhancing accumulation osmoprotectants, improving antioxidant enzymes, decreasing peroxidation membrane lipids electrolyte leakage untreated control. These positive impacts reflected boosting productivity conditions. agronomic performance considerably varied SC178 exhibited best mild other hybrids. Consequently, integration tolerant such as an efficient approach ameliorating water-scarce arid environments.

Язык: Английский

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Production and achievements of Sesamum indicum industry in the world: Past and current state

Oil Crop Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(3), С. 187 - 197

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Sesame production is important in agriculture, food industry, and the crop diversity due to its rich nutritional profile health benefits. Despite significant value, sesame still an orphan that has received little scientific attention, resulting low yield compared other major oilseed crops. This review offers a comprehensive overview of present state production, knowledge, research advancements concerning Sesamum indicum on global scale. The FAOSTAT database was extensively used examine trends from 1961 2021. In past 60 years, substantially increased, with Asia Africa being primary producers. integration omics technologies biotechnological interventions revolutionized our understanding genetic basis sesame, enhanced productivity, invigorated stress resilience, improved seed quality. High-throughput sequencing methods such as RNA-seq, RAD-seq, SLAF-seq, GBS technology are various studies, linkage mapping, identification trait-associated markers. Fine maps, multi-omics studies genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics have been employed for gene QTL mapping. Proteins metabolic pathways related oil content, yield, tolerance were reported. Genes QTLs components, drought, salt, osmotic discovered. Candidate genes associated capsule shattering recently revealed. For more achievement it enhance efficiency through mechanization, advanced agricultural practices, knowledge dissemination farmers. MAS should be particularly reinforced. promising opportunity farmers, governments, stakeholders sector.

Язык: Английский

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Screening of spermidine-mediated improvement of plant growth, photosynthetic performance, metabolites, and nutrition acquisition in six cabbage varieties

South African Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 178, С. 50 - 60

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Exogenously Applied Polyamines to Improve Heat Tolerance in Tomatoes: A Review

Agriculture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(9), С. 988 - 988

Опубликована: Май 2, 2025

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most widely consumed vegetables globally and plays a crucial role in food security. However, rising temperatures due to climate change pose significant threat tomato cultivation by reducing yield fruit quality. Among various abiotic stresses, heat stress (HS) can severely impair growth, reproduction, physiological functions. Polyamines (PAs), such as spermidine (Spd), putrescine (Put), spermine (Spm), are natural compounds that play vital roles plant tolerance modulating growth responses. This review evaluates effects HS on tomatoes examines potential exogenously applied PAs mitigate HS. Through detailed analysis agronomic, physiological, biochemical responses, highlights how enhance improving antioxidant activity, stabilizing cellular membranes, maintaining photosynthetic efficiency. Understanding these mechanisms aid developing strategies improve resilience under ensure sustainable production.

Язык: Английский

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Phenology-specific molecular characterization of polyamine genes in Parthenium hysterophorus for strategic herbicide interventions

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Parthenium hysterophorus is a highly invasive weed that poses serious threat to biodiversity due its adaptability. This case study examines vegetative and reproductive phases, focusing on phenological growth stages using the universal BBCH coding system, role of polyamines (PAs) in these stages. Our research identified significant polymorphisms key enzymes involved PAs biosynthesis, including spermidine synthase (SPDS), spermine (SPMS), arginine decarboxylase (ADC), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), during specific SPDS were more pronounced stem elongation flowering, while SPMS showed heightened variability primarily flowering. Conversely, ADC COMT exhibited increased leaf development flowering These findings underscore dynamic regulation PA metabolism across different P. hysterophorus. Drawing from findings, we can develop targeted management strategies correspond polymorphism patterns vital biosynthetic genes. Specifically, propose use broad-spectrum non-selective herbicides such as Paraquat before elongation, transitioning post-stem application selective like Bromoxynil, utilizing foliar-active translocated glyphosate formation. innovative aim optimize effectiveness reducing herbicide usage by tailoring interventions plant's metabolic state.

Язык: Английский

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