Mitochondrial Glutathione in Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Disease Manifestation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1314 - 1314

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2024

Mitochondria are critical for providing energy to maintain cell viability. Oxidative phosphorylation involves the transfer of electrons from substrates oxygen produce adenosine triphosphate. also regulate proliferation, metastasis, and deterioration. The flow in mitochondrial respiratory chain generates reactive species (ROS), which harmful cells at high levels. stress caused by ROS accumulation has been associated with an increased risk cancer, cardiovascular liver diseases. Glutathione (GSH) is abundant cellular antioxidant that primarily synthesized cytoplasm delivered mitochondria. Mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) metabolizes hydrogen peroxide within A long-term imbalance ratio mGSH can cause dysfunction, apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, may lead disease. This study aimed review physiological functions, anabolism, variations organ tissue accumulation, delivery GSH mitochondria relationships between levels, GSH/GSH disulfide (GSSG) ratio, programmed death, ferroptosis. We discuss diseases deficiency related therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Polyphenols, naturally occurring phytonutrients found in plant-based foods, have attracted significant attention for their potential therapeutic effects neurological diseases and neuroinflammation. These compounds possess diverse neuroprotective capabilities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid properties, which contribute to mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Stroke, Huntington's (HD). Polyphenols been extensively studied ability regulate inflammatory responses by modulating activity pro-inflammatory genes influencing signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing neuroinflammation neuronal death. Additionally, polyphenols shown promise various cellular signaling pathways associated with viability, synaptic plasticity, cognitive function. Epidemiological clinical studies highlight polyphenol-rich diets decrease risk alleviate symptoms disorders Furthermore, demonstrated through regulation key Akt, Nrf2, STAT, MAPK, play critical roles neuroprotection body's immune response. This review emphasizes growing body evidence supporting combating neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, well enhancing brain health. Despite substantial promising hypotheses, further research investigations are necessary fully understand role establish them advanced targets age-related neuroinflammatory conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotic-derived silver nanoparticles target mTOR/MMP-9/BCL-2/dependent AMPK activation for hepatic cancer treatment

Medical Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 41(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Cytotoxic effects of NIR responsive chitosan-polymersome layer coated melatonin-upconversion nanoparticles on HGC27 and AGS gastric cancer cells: Role of the ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 278, С. 134187 - 134187

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Hematological Malignancies: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Potential

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 264 - 264

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process that maintains homeostasis by degrading damaged components and regulating stress responses. It plays crucial role in cancer biology, including tumor progression, metastasis, therapeutic resistance. Oxidative stress, similarly, key to maintaining balance oxidants antioxidants, with its disruption leading molecular damage. The interplay between autophagy oxidative particularly significant, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) act both inducers by-products of autophagy. While can function suppressor early stages, it often shifts pro-tumorigenic advanced disease, aiding cell survival under adverse conditions such hypoxia nutrient deprivation. This dual mediated several signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, HIF-1α, which coordinate the autophagic activity ROS production. In this review, we explore mechanisms interact across different hematological malignancies. We discuss how triggers autophagy, creating feedback loop promotes survival, dysregulation leads increased accumulation, exacerbating tumorigenesis. also examine implications targeting autophagy-oxidative axis cancer. Current strategies involve modulating through specific inhibitors, enhancing levels pro-oxidant compounds, combining these approaches conventional therapies overcome drug Understanding complex relationship provides critical insights into novel aimed at improving treatment outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Metastatic outgrowth via the two-way interplay of autophagy and metabolism

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1870(3), С. 166824 - 166824

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Soybean Salt Tolerance with GSNO and Silicon: A Comprehensive Physiological, Biochemical, and Genetic Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 609 - 609

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Soil salinity is a major global challenge affecting agricultural productivity and food security. This study explores innovative strategies to improve salt tolerance in soybean (Glycine max), crucial crop the supply. investigates synergistic effects of S-nitroso glutathione (GSNO) silicon on enhancing max). Two cultivars, Seonpung (salt-tolerant) Cheongja (salt-sensitive), were analyzed for various physiological, biochemical, genetic traits under stress. The results showed that combined GSNO Si treatment significantly improved several key traits, including plant height, relative water content, root development, nodule numbers, chlorophyll stomatal aperture, both control stress conditions. Additionally, this optimized ion homeostasis by Na/K ratio Ca while reducing damage markers such as electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide. stress-responsive compounds, proline, ascorbate peroxidase, water-soluble proteins, elevated conditions, indicating tolerance. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation genes GmNHX1, GmSOS2, GmAKT1, associated with response, GmNIP2.1, GmNIP2.2, GmLBR downregulated varieties. Notably, salt-sensitive variety exhibited higher leakage oxidative compared salt-tolerant Seonpung. These findings suggest combination enhances improving physiological resilience, homeostasis, gene expression.

Язык: Английский

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The glucose metabolism reprogramming of yak Sertoli cells under hypoxia is regulated by autophagy

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Hypoxia often has negative effects on testis development and spermatogenesis of mammals. Plateau yaks have lived in the hypoxia environment for generations, but ensured testicular function, which is closely related to their unique response mechanism. Glucose metabolic reprogramming an important way cells respond stressful environments, especially metabolite lactate, energy basis differentiation germ cells. In this study, (5% O2) effectively promoted yak Sertoli cell proliferation decreased autophagy apoptosis. It was found that showed good hypoxic adaptation. Metabolomics results glucose metabolism enhanced hypoxia, 13 metabolites were increased, including production transport level lactic acid (LA), may changed pentose phosphate pathway cells, these changes are conducive support balance under hypoxia. Crucially, when activated GLUT3, GLUT8, MCT4 proteins degraded, while GLUT1 MCT1 not affected, suggesting achieve by selectively regulating expression functional factors metabolism, intake yaks.

Язык: Английский

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Serving up health: How phytochemicals transform food into medicine in the battle against cancer

Food Frontiers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(5), С. 1866 - 1908

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2024

Abstract The escalating global cancer burden underscores the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring compounds in plants, have garnered attention their potential chemoprevention and chemotherapy. Their ability to modulate molecular mechanisms influence cell signaling pathways offers a promising avenue management. This review aims synthesize current knowledge on phytochemicals’ chemopreventive chemotherapeutic potential, focusing of action impacts involved cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web Science, Scopus, Google Scholar. strategy uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) free‐text terms using Boolean operators capture relevant studies. Inclusion criteria targeted original research reviews effects phytochemicals cancer, with specific focus mechanisms. flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, demonstrated significant anticancer properties by inducing cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy. They critical pathways, such as cyclooxygenase‐2, nuclear factor kappa B, various growth factor‐related rectify epigenetic alterations, contributing effects. Phytochemicals represent valuable resource developing novel prevention treatment strategies; actions underscore combat. Further is warranted translate these findings into clinical applications, optimizing phytochemical‐based interventions

Язык: Английский

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Coffee Bean and Its Chemical Constituent Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid as Promising Chemoprevention Agents: Updated Biological Studies against Cancer Cells

Molecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(14), С. 3302 - 3302

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

Cancer is a complicated and ever-evolving disease that remains significant global cause of mortality. Its complexity, which evident at the genetic phenotypic levels, contributes to its diversity resistance treatment. Numerous scientific investigations on human animal models demonstrate potential phytochemicals in cancer prevention. Coffee has been shown possess potent anti-carcinogenic properties, studies have documented consumption coffee as beverage reduces risk occurrence. The major secondary metabolites coffee, named caffeine chlorogenic acid, linked anti-inflammatory antineoplastic effects through various signaling. In light this, this review article provides comprehensive analysis based anticancer published between 2010 2023, sourced from Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar databases. We summarize recent advances evidence association found with special emphasis their biological activities against molecular mechanism deemed be used novel therapeutic target for prevention therapy.

Язык: Английский

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