Annual reports in medicinal chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
Epigenetics governs a chromatin state regulatory system through five key mechanisms: DNA modification, histone RNA remodeling, and non-coding regulation. These mechanisms their associated enzymes convey genetic information independently of base sequences, playing essential roles in organismal development homeostasis. Conversely, disruptions epigenetic landscapes critically influence the pathogenesis various human diseases. This understanding has laid robust theoretical groundwork for developing drugs that target epigenetics-modifying pathological conditions. Over past two decades, growing array small molecule targeting such as methyltransferase, deacetylase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, enhancer zeste homolog 2, have been thoroughly investigated implemented therapeutic options, particularly oncology. Additionally, numerous epigenetics-targeted are undergoing clinical trials, offering promising prospects benefits. review delineates epigenetics physiological contexts underscores pioneering studies on discovery implementation drugs. include inhibitors, agonists, degraders, multitarget agents, aiming to identify practical challenges avenues future research. Ultimately, this aims deepen epigenetics-oriented strategies further application settings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
24
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Polyphenols, naturally occurring phytonutrients found in plant-based foods, have attracted significant attention for their potential therapeutic effects neurological diseases and neuroinflammation. These compounds possess diverse neuroprotective capabilities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid properties, which contribute to mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Dementia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Stroke, Huntington's (HD). Polyphenols been extensively studied ability regulate inflammatory responses by modulating activity pro-inflammatory genes influencing signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing neuroinflammation neuronal death. Additionally, polyphenols shown promise various cellular signaling pathways associated with viability, synaptic plasticity, cognitive function. Epidemiological clinical studies highlight polyphenol-rich diets decrease risk alleviate symptoms disorders Furthermore, demonstrated through regulation key Akt, Nrf2, STAT, MAPK, play critical roles neuroprotection body's immune response. This review emphasizes growing body evidence supporting combating neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, well enhancing brain health. Despite substantial promising hypotheses, further research investigations are necessary fully understand role establish them advanced targets age-related neuroinflammatory conditions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 569, С. 161 - 183
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 2916 - 2916
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) are key monoamine neurotransmitters regulating behaviors, mood, cognition. 5-HT affects early brain development, its dysfunction induces vulnerability to stress, raising the risk of depression, anxiety, autism in adulthood. These synthesized from tryptophan tyrosine via hydroxylation decarboxylation, metabolized by oxidase (MAO). This review aims summarize current findings on role dietary phytochemicals modulating neurotransmitter biosynthesis, metabolism, function, with an emphasis their potential therapeutic applications neuropsychiatric disorders. Phytochemicals exert antioxidant, neurotrophic, neurohormonal activities, regulate gene expression, induce epigenetic modifications. Phytoestrogens activate estrogen receptors or estrogen-responsive elements promoter target genes, enhance transcription hydroxylase hydroxylase, while inhibiting that MAO. compounds also influence interaction between genetic environmental factors, potentially reversing dysregulated neurotransmission architecture associated conditions. Despite promising preclinical findings, clinical remain challenging. Advances nanotechnology targeted delivery systems offer solutions efficacy. discusses mechanisms, challenges, strategies, underscoring need for further research advance phytochemical-based interventions diseases.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Behavioral and Brain Functions, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)
Опубликована: Март 26, 2025
The objective of this review study is to examine the combined antidepressant effects exercise and polyphenol supplementation, with a focus on specific polyphenolic compounds such as crocin, curcumin, quercetin, well different forms physical exercise, including aerobic resistance training. research examines how these interventions influence depressive-like behaviors, cognitive function, neurochemical markers in animal models human participants. findings demonstrate that both polyphenols independently contribute mood enhancement, reduced anxiety, improved function through mechanisms neurogenesis, neurotransmitter modulation, anti-inflammatory effects. Notably, showed synergistic effect, providing more significant benefits reducing symptoms depression enhancing performance, supporting overall mental well-being. These results suggest integrating supplementation could be promising non-pharmacological approach managing related disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Metabolic Brain Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 40(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Abstract The neurodegenerative condition known as Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a long-term that causes both motor and non-motor symptoms. It curcumin has strong neuroprotective potential. This experimental study was designed to examine the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic effects of administered alone in combination with L-DOPA hippocampus well behavioral symptoms rotenone-induced PD model. Forty-two 4-month-old adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups follows: Control, Curcumin, Rotenone, Rotenone plus curcumin, L-DOPA. Control group received vehicles, (200 mg kg −1 , daily for 35 days), rotenone (2 test or (10 last 15 days) their addition rotenone. Pole, sucrose preference, open field, elevated maze, Morris water maze tests performed after treatment. Molecular biochemical analyses tissue serum samples. injection caused impairments activity, depressive-like behavior, learning memory functions. also increased expressions α-synuclein, caspase 3, NF-κB, decreased parkin BDNF hippocampus. However, especially combined treatment normalized all these impaired molecular variables. In conclusion, may exert beneficial strategies PD-related hippocampal effects, when added therapy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 102, С. 102556 - 102556
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(23), С. 12613 - 12613
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2024
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS, and Huntington's, remain formidable challenges in medicine, with their relentless progression limited therapeutic options. These diseases arise from a web of molecular disturbances-misfolded proteins, chronic neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetic mutations-that slowly dismantle neuronal integrity. Yet, recent scientific breakthroughs are opening new paths to intervene these once-intractable conditions. This review synthesizes the latest insights into underlying dynamics neurodegeneration, revealing how intertwined pathways drive course diseases. With an eye on most promising advances, we explore innovative therapies emerging cutting-edge research: nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems capable navigating blood-brain barrier, gene-editing tools like CRISPR designed correct harmful variants, stem cell strategies that not only replace lost neurons but foster neuroprotective environments. Pharmacogenomics is reshaping treatment personalization, enabling tailored align individual profiles, while diagnostics biomarkers ushering era early, precise disease detection. Furthermore, novel perspectives gut-brain axis sparking interest mounting evidence suggests microbiome modulation may play role reducing neuroinflammatory responses linked neurodegenerative progression. Taken together, advances signal shift toward comprehensive, personalized approach could transform care. By integrating techniques, this offers forward-looking perspective future where treatments aim just manage symptoms fundamentally alter progression, presenting renewed hope for improved patient outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Journal of Neural Transmission, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024
Abstract Psychotropic drugs are vital in psychiatry, aiding the management of mental health disorders. Their use requires an understanding their pharmacological properties, therapeutic applications, and potential side effects. Ongoing research aims to improve efficacy safety. Biomarkers play a crucial role predicting memory decline psychotropic drug users. A comprehensive biomarkers, including neuroimaging, biochemical, genetic, cognitive assessments, is essential for developing targeted interventions preventive strategies. In this narrative review, we performed search on PubMed Google using review-specific terms. Clinicians should multifaceted approach, neurotransmitter analysis, neurotrophic factors, miRNA profiling, tasks early intervention personalized treatment. Anxiolytics' mechanisms involve various systems emerging targets. Research biomarkers anxiolytic users can lead detection intervention, enhancing clinical practices aligning with precision medicine. Mood stabilizer benefit from through RNA, neurophysiological, inflammatory promoting timely interventions. Performance-enhancing may boost athletic performance short term, but long-term risks ethical issues make problematic. Long-term enhancers athletes shows changes decline, necessitating ongoing monitoring Understanding these genetic influences helps pave way approaches prevent or mitigate deterioration, emphasizing importance screening based individual's profile. Future focus refining protective measures against deterioration. Overall,
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1