Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment Options and Limitations: Future Outlook

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7), С. 1796 - 1796

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2023

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor (HER2). The survival rate for TNBC is generally worse than other subtypes. treatment made significant advances, but certain limitations remain. Treatment can be challenging since the disease various molecular A variety options are available, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery. Chemotherapy most common these options. treated with systemic chemotherapy using drugs anthracyclines taxanes in neoadjuvant or adjuvant settings. Developing resistance to anticancer off-target toxicity primary hindrances chemotherapeutic solutions cancer. It imperative that researchers, clinicians, pharmaceutical companies work together develop effective TNBC. Several studies have suggested nanotechnology potential solution problem suboptimal treatment. In this review, we summarized possible TNBC, including targeted therapy, combination nanoparticle-based some future. Moreover, gave general information about terms its characteristics aggressiveness.

Язык: Английский

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Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(11), С. 1774 - 1774

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, is now considered candidate drug for treatment neurological diseases, including Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Alzheimer’s (AD), Huntington’s (HD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral (ALS), and prion disease, due to its potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant potential, anticancerous, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antiproliferative, antibacterial activities. Traditionally, curcumin has been used medicinal dietary purposes in Asia, India, China. However, low water solubility, poor stability blood, high rate metabolism, limited bioavailability, little capability cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) have clinical application curcumin, despite important pharmacological activities this drug. A variety nanocarriers, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, cubosome nanoparticles, polymer solid lipid nanoparticles developed with great success effectively deliver active brain cells. Functionalization on surface brain-specific ligands makes them target-specific, which should significantly improve bioavailability reduce harmful effects. The aim review summarize studies and/or containing most common neurodegenerative highlighting neuroprotective potential nutraceutical.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting triple negative breast cancer stem cells using nanocarriers

Discover Nano, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Abstract Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, encompassing various subtypes characterized by distinct molecular features, clinical behaviors, treatment responses. Categorization of based on the presence or absence estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), leading to such as luminal A, B, HER2-positive, triple-negative breast (TNBC). TNBC, comprising around 20% all cancers, lacks expression ER, PR, HER2 receptors, rendering it unresponsive targeted therapies presenting significant challenges in treatment. TNBC associated with aggressive behavior, high rates recurrence, resistance chemotherapy. Tumor initiation, progression, are attributed stem cells (BCSCs), which possess self-renewal, differentiation, tumorigenic potential. Surface markers, self-renewal pathways (Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog signaling), apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), angiogenesis inhibition (VEGF inhibitors), immune modulation (cytokines, checkpoint inhibitors) among key targets discussed this review. However, targeting BCSC subpopulation presents challenges, including off-target effects, low solubility, bioavailability anti-BCSC agents. Nanoparticle-based offer promising approach target cellular processes implicated survival BSCS TNBC. In review, we explore nanocarrier-based approaches for BCSCs aiming overcome these improve outcomes patients. These nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategies hold promise addressing gap delivering while minimizing systemic toxicity enhancing efficacy. Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Genetic Heterogeneity, Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(23), С. 14937 - 14937

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2022

Heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancer is well known at clinical, histopathological, and molecular levels. Genomic instability greater mutation rates, which may result in the creation neoantigens enhanced immunogenicity, are additional characteristics this type. Clinical outcome poor due to early age onset, high metastatic potential, increased likelihood distant recurrence. Consequently, efforts elucidate mechanisms development, progression, spread have been initiated improve treatment options outcomes for these patients. The extremely complex heterogeneous tumor immune microenvironment made up several cell types commonly possesses disorganized gene expression. Altered signaling pathways mainly associated with mutated genes including p53, PIK3CA, MAPK, positively correlated regulating response. Of note, particular immunity-associated could be used prognostic indexes assess most effective management. Recent findings highlight fact that long non-coding RNAs also play an important role shaping formation, can mediate evasion. Identification signatures, through use multi-omics approaches, effector drive stages carcinogenic process steps developing new strategies targeted prevention. Advances immunotherapy by remodeling host system eradicate cells great promise lead novel therapeutic strategies. Current research focused on combining checkpoint inhibition chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, vaccines, or natural killer therapy. Targeted therapies response, eliminate resistance, overall patient survival. In future, evolving advancements should implemented personalized medicine state-of-art management

Язык: Английский

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Triclosan: A Small Molecule with Controversial Roles

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(6), С. 735 - 735

Опубликована: Май 30, 2022

Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, has been widely used in personal care products, medical plastic cutting boards, and food storage containers. Colgate Total® toothpaste, containing 10 mM TCS, is effective controlling biofilm formation maintaining gingival health. Given its broad usage, TCS present ubiquitously the environment. strong lipophilicity accumulation ability organisms, it potentially harmful to biohealth. Several reports suggest toxicity of this compound, which inserted class endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In September 2016, was banned by U.S. Food Drug Administration (FDA) European Union soap products. Despite these problems, application products within certain limits still allowed. Today, unclear whether truly toxic mammals adverse effects continuous, long-term, low concentration exposure remain unknown. Indeed, some recent use as repositioned drug for cancer treatment cutaneous leishmaniasis. scenario necessary investigate advantages disadvantages understand advisable or not. This review intends highlight pros cons that are associated with humans.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of Cobalt in the Environment and Its Role in Biological Processes

Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(10), С. 1335 - 1335

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2023

Cobalt (Co) is an essential trace element for humans and other animals, but high doses can be harmful to human health. It present in some foods such as green vegetables, various spices, meat, milk products, seafood, eggs, drinking water. Co necessary the metabolism of beings animals due its key role formation vitamin B12, also known cobalamin, biological reservoir Co. In concentrations, may cause health issues vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, bleeding, low blood pressure, heart diseases, thyroid damage, hair loss, bone defects, inhibition enzyme activities. Conversely, deficiency lead anorexia, chronic swelling, detrimental anemia. nanoparticles have different biomedical applications thanks their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic properties. addition, cobalt oxide used lithium-ion batteries, a catalyst, carrier targeted drug delivery, gas sensor, electronic thin film, energy storage. Accumulation agriculture humans, natural anthropogenic factors, represents global problem affecting water quality animal Besides common chelating agents intoxication, phytoremediation interesting environmental technology cleaning up soil contaminated with The occurrence environment discussed involvement processes underlined. Toxicological aspects related are examined this review.

Язык: Английский

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Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment Options and Limitations: Future Outlook

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone (PR), or human epidermal growth factor (HER2). The survival rate for TNBC is generally worse than other subtypes. treatment made significant advances, but certain limitations remain. Treatment can be challenging since the disease various Individualized therapy recommended rather generalized therapy, given genetic variations among these A precise and effective requires identifying prognostic markers. Depending on type stage TNBC, patients are treated with therapeutic interventions. variety options available, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery. Chemotherapy most common options. systemic chemotherapy using drugs anthracyclines taxanes in neoadjuvant adjuvant settings. Developing resistance to anticancer off target toxicity primary hindrances chemotherapeutic solutions cancer. It imperative that researchers, clinicians, pharmaceutical companies work together develop TNBC. Several studies have suggested nanotechnology potential solution problem suboptimal treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond cisplatin: New frontiers in metallodrugs for hard-to-treat triple negative breast cancer

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 499, С. 215507 - 215507

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Are Nutraceuticals Effective in COVID-19 and Post-COVID Prevention and Treatment?

Foods, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(18), С. 2884 - 2884

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2022

The beginning of the end or beginning? After two years mastered by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, we are now witnessing a turnaround. reduction severe cases and deaths from COVID-19 led to increasing importance new called post-COVID syndrome. term is used indicate permanency symptoms in patients who have recovered acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Immune, antiviral, antimicrobial therapies, as well ozone therapy been treat disease. Vaccines then become available administered worldwide prevent insurgence However, pandemic not over yet at all given emergence omicron variants. New therapeutic strategies urgently needed. In this view, great interest was found nutraceutical products, including vitamins (C, D, E), minerals (zinc), melatonin, probiotics, flavonoids (quercetin), curcumin. This review summarizes role nutraceuticals prevention and/or treatment

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes on the Phase I Metabolism of Drugs

Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(10), С. 6045 - 6045

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family is the major system catalyzing phase I metabolism of xenobiotics, including pharmaceuticals and toxic compounds in environment. A part CYP-dependent xenobiotic due to polymorphic inducible enzymes, which may, quantitatively or qualitatively, alter enhance drug toxicity. Drug–drug interactions are mechanisms caused by inhibition and/or induction CYP enzymes. Particularly, monooxygenases catalyze hydroxylation reactions form hydroxylated metabolites. secondary metabolites sometimes as active parent compound, even more active. aim this review summarize some significative examples common drugs used for treatment diverse diseases underline activity toxicity their

Язык: Английский

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