Possible Identification of Precursor ELF Signals on Recent EQs That Occurred Close to the Recording Station DOI Creative Commons
Ioannis Contopoulos, Janusz Młynarczyk, Jerzy Kubisz

и другие.

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(9), С. 1134 - 1134

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024

The Lithospheric–Atmospheric–Ionospheric Coupling (LAIC) mechanism stands as the leading model for prediction of seismic activities. It consists a cascade physical processes that are initiated days before major earthquake. onset is marked by discharge ionized gases, such radon, through subterranean fissures develop in lead-up to quake. This augments ionization at lower atmospheric layers, instigating disturbances extend from Earth’s surface ionosphere. A critical component LAIC sequence involves distinctive perturbations Extremely Low Electromagnetic Frequencies (ELF) within Schumann Resonances (SR) spectrum 2 50 Hz, detectable ahead event. Our study examines 10 earthquakes transpired over span 3.5 months—averaging nearly three quakes monthly—which concurrently generated 45 discernible potential precursor signals. Notably, each earthquake originated Southern Greece, radius 30 250 km observatory on Mount Parnon. research seeks resolve two important issues. first concerns association between specific ELF signals and individual earthquakes—a question significant importance seismogenic regions like where occur frequently. second inquiry parameters determine detectability an given station, including requisite proximity magnitude. Initial findings suggest SR can be reliably linked particular if situated earthquake’s preparatory zone. Conversely, outside this zone, correlation becomes indeterminate. Additionally, we observe differentiation based whether took place land or offshore. latter category exhibits unique signal behaviors, potentially attributable water layers above epicenter acting barrier ascending thereby affecting atmospheric–ionospheric process.

Язык: Английский

Synchronized and Co-Located Ionospheric and Atmospheric Anomalies Associated with the 2023 Mw 7.8 Turkey Earthquake DOI Creative Commons

Syed Faizan Haider,

Munawar Shah, Bofeng Li

и другие.

Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 222 - 222

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Earth observations from remotely sensed data have a substantial impact on natural hazard surveillance, specifically for earthquakes. The rapid emergence of diverse earthquake precursors has led to the exploration different methodologies and datasets various satellites understand address complex nature precursors. This study presents novel technique detect ionospheric atmospheric using machine learning (ML). We examine multiple spatiotemporal in ionosphere atmosphere related Turkey 6 February 2023 (Mw 7.8), form total electron content (TEC), land surface temperature (LST), sea (SST), air pressure (AP), relative humidity (RH), outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), (AT). As confutation analysis, we also statistically observe parameters years 2021 2022 same epicentral region time period as earthquake. Moreover, aim this is find synchronized co-located window possible anomalies by providing more evidence with standard deviation (STDEV) nonlinear autoregressive network exogenous inputs (NARX) models. It noteworthy that both statistical ML methods demonstrate abnormal fluctuations within 7 days before impending over epicenter. Furthermore, geomagnetic are detected ninth day after (Kp > 4; Dst < −70 nT; ap 50 nT). indicates relevance support lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling (LAIC) phenomenon.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Atmospheric precursors associated with two Mw > 6.0 earthquakes using machine learning methods DOI

Zaid Khalid,

Munawar Shah,

Salma Riaz

и другие.

Natural Hazards, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 120(8), С. 7871 - 7895

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Study of the ionospheric precursors associated with M w ≥6.0EQ from Ionosonde Stations and GIM TEC DOI
Junaid Ahmed, Munawar Shah,

Talat Iqbal

и другие.

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 256, С. 106205 - 106205

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Exploring Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Through the Ionosphere Over Seismic Active Zones DOI
H.E. Eshkuvatov, Bobomurat Ahmedov, Munawar Shah

и другие.

Pure and Applied Geophysics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Integrated Analysis of Multi-Parameter Precursors to the Fukushima Offshore Earthquake (Mj = 7.3) on 13 February 2021 and Lithosphere–Atmosphere–Ionosphere Coupling Channels DOI Creative Commons
Masashi Hayakawa, Y. Hobara

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(8), С. 1015 - 1015

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2024

The preparation phase of earthquakes (EQs) has been investigated by making full use multi-parameter and multi-layer observations EQ precursors, in order to better understand the lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling (LAIC) process. For this purpose, we chose a specific target EQ, huge Fukushima-ken-oki on 13 February 2021 (magnitude Mj = 7.3). We initially reported precursors different physical parameters not only lithosphere, but also atmosphere ionosphere (Hayakawa et al. followed Akhoondzadeh Draz al., both based satellite observations). Our first two papers dealt with seven electromagnetic three layers (with emphasis our own ground-based lower ionosphere), while second paper Swarm magnetic field, electron density, GPS TEC ionosphere, third climatological above Earth’s surface (together TEC). have extensively reviewed all these results, coordinated temporal evolutions various relevant LAIC system; sought which hypothesis is more plausible explaining Then, came conclusion that possible channels seem exist simultaneously for EQ: fast channel (nearly simultaneous responses ground slow (or diffusion-type), time delay few several days, agent effects lithosphere lowest propagate up definite delay. Finally, suggested some research directions future elucidation channels, made comments an early warning system.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
A comprehensive study on the synchronized outgoing longwave radiation and relative humidity anomalies related to global Mw ≥ 6.5 earthquakes DOI
Munawar Shah, Muhammad Umar Draz,

Tahir Saleem

и другие.

Natural Hazards, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(2), С. 1421 - 1442

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

9
Atmospheric precursors from multiple satellites associated with the 2020 Mw 6.5 Idaho (USA) earthquake DOI Open Access
Muhammad Qasim, Munawar Shah,

Rasim Shahzad

и другие.

Advances in Space Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73(1), С. 440 - 455

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Analysis of Ionospheric VTEC Retrieved from Multi-Instrument Observations DOI Creative Commons
Gürkan Öztan, Hüseyin Duman, Salih Alçay

и другие.

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(6), С. 697 - 697

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024

This study examines the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) estimation performance of multi-instruments on a global scale during different ionospheric conditions. For this purpose, GNSS-based VTEC data from Global Ionosphere Maps (GIMs), COSMIC (F7/C2)—Feng–Yun 3C (FY3C) radio occultation (RO) VTEC, SWARM–VTEC, and JASON–VTEC were utilized. assessments conducted three distinct days: geomagnetic active (17 March 2015), solar (22 December 2021), quiet (11 2021). The values COSMIC/FY3C RO, SWARM, JASON compared with retrieved GIMs. According to results, RO–VTEC is more consistent GIM–VTEC day (the mean differences 4.38 TECU), while FY3C RO–GIM 7.33 TECU day. range between GIM relatively smaller day, active/quiet days less than 6 TECU. Besides daily comparison, long-term results (1 January–31 2015) also analyzed by considering periods. Results show that Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are 5.02 TECU, 6.81 16.25 5.53 for period, 5.21 7.07 17.48 5.90 respectively. accuracy each source was affected solar/geomagnetic activities. deviation SWARM–VTEC greater. main reason significant in SWARM–GIM atmospheric measurement SWARM satellites (460 km–20,200 km (SWARM A, C) 520 B), which do not contain part ionosphere terms estimation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Air Temperature Variations in Multiple Layers of the Indonesia Earthquake Based on the Tidal Forces DOI Creative Commons

Xian Lu,

Weiyu Ma,

Chen Yu

и другие.

Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(19), С. 4852 - 4852

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2023

The air temperature changes in the Palu MW7.5 earthquake Indonesia on 28 September 2018 were analyzed, based additive tectonic stress caused by celestial tidal-generating forces (ATSCTF) and data from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). This paper explored variation characteristics of three-dimensional stratified seismic activity coupling relationship between tidal force. background information calculation was obtained force changes, increment method used to study evolution process different periods area. results found that acting critical state faults may be an important external factor inducing earthquakes, there indeed a significant increase anomaly during earthquake. also summarized abnormal activity: closer land’s surface has greater amplitude wider area than upper air.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
The 2023 Mw 6.8 Morocco earthquake induced atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies DOI

Syed Faizan Haider,

Munawar Shah,

Nassir Saad Alarifi

и другие.

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 262, С. 106323 - 106323

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0