A review of emerging technologies, nutritional practices, and management strategies to improve intramuscular fat composition in beef cattle

Animal Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

The flavour, tenderness and juiciness of the beef are all impacted by composition intramuscular fat (IMF), which is a key determinant quality. Thus, enhancing IMF cattle has become major area research. Consequently, aim this paper was to provide insight synthesis into emerging technologies, nutritional practices management strategies improve in cattle. This review examined current knowledge techniques approaches relevant farming industry. It includes thorough investigation animal handling, weaning age, castration, breed selection, sex determination, environmental factors, grazing methods, slaughter weight age. Additionally, it rigorously explored dietary energy levels optimization fatty acid profiles, as well use feed additives hormone implant with their associated regulations. also delved technologies that shaping future production, such genomic selection genome editing techniques, epigenomic analyses, microbiome manipulation strategies, transcriptomic profiling metabolomics analyses. In conclusion, holistic approach combining genomic, imperative for achieving targeted content ensuring high-quality production.

Язык: Английский

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1H-NMR-Based Plasma Metabolomic Profiling of Crossbred Beef Cattle with Divergent RFI Phenotype

Ruminants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(2), С. 182 - 191

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024

This study focused on exploring the metabolomic profiles of crossbred beef cattle with varying levels residual feed intake (RFI), a measure efficiency in cattle. Sixty-seven growing steers (BW = 277 ± 29.7 kg) were subjected to high-forage total mixed ration for 64 days determine their RFI phenotypes. At end 64d feeding trial, divided into two groups based values: low (or negative)-RFI (n 28; −1.08 0.88 kg/d) and high positive)-RFI 39; 1.21 0.92 kg/d). Blood samples collected, plasma analyzed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, resulting identification 50 metabolites. The found distinct signature associated status. Eight metabolites, including amino acids (tyrosine, glycine, valine, leucine, methionine) other compounds (dimethyl sulfone, 3-hydroxy isovaleric acid, citric creatine, L-carnitine), showed differential abundance between low- high-RFI groups. Specifically, tyrosine, dimethyl sulfone exhibited significant specificity sensitivity, which produced discriminatory model an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 0.7, making them potential markers RFI. A logistic regression incorporating these biomarkers effectively distinguished high- low-RFI steers, threshold cutoff point 0.48, highlighting distinctive metabolite profile efficient nutrient utilization model, biomarkers, holds promise accurately categorizing values, providing insights metabolic basis

Язык: Английский

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Utility of dairy microbiome as a tool for authentication and traceability

Open Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Milk microbiome contributes substantially to the formation of specific organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics dairy products. The assessment composition abundance milk microbiota is a challenging task strongly influenced by many environmental factors. Specific products may be designated Protected Designation Origin (PDO) Geographical Indication (PGI) labeling, which however, occasionally fail differentiate them according quality characteristics, are defined different microbiota-driven reactions. Combining above limitations, scope present study, was summarize existing information toward three main issues. First, assess influence level diet type grazing rumen–GI tract, mammary gland, udder in ruminants. Second, discuss factors affecting microbiota, as well effect endo-mammary route on microbial taxa. Lastly, evaluate “milk microbiome” tool for product differentiation, origin, will contribute more robust PDO PGI labeling. Although limitations still matter fact (especially considering sample collection, process, evaluation, avoidance its contamination), significant progress has been made, regarding identification products’ core composition. In conclusion, although so far not totally efficient molecular identification, with soil, water, plant, animal host’s assembly’s characterization, microbiomics could provide powerful authentication traceability

Язык: Английский

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Heat Stress in Iraq Slashes Dairy Cow Health and Milk Production

Academia Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(2)

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2024

This study examined the impact of heat stress on dairy cows in Iraq, categorizing them into Comfortable Zone (CZ), Mild Stress (MS), and High (HS) based Thermal Humidity Index (THI). Over 90 days, were monitored for physiological, hematological, biochemical, milk production parameters. Results showed that as increased, exhibited higher respiration, heart, pulse rates, rectal skin temperatures. Hemoglobin packed cell volume decreased, while red blood count other related measures increased. Biochemical analyses revealed levels cortisol, urea nitrogen, total protein, liver enzymes, with reduced albumin. Milk yield quality significantly declined under HS conditions. These findings highlight need effective mitigation to protect cow health productivity hot climates. Highlights: Heat Impact: Increased Blood Changes: Lower hemoglobin, enzymes. Production: Reduced yield, fat content, protein content high stress. Keywords: stress, cows, physiology, production, Iraq

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Spatial Variation in the Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism of the Compound Stomach in Intensively Farmed Yaks

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(10), С. 1968 - 1968

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2024

Yaks are one of the important livestock on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, providing abundant dairy and meat products for local people. The formation these mainly relies microbiota in their gastrointestinal tract, which digests metabolizes plant feed. yak's is closely related to health production performance host, but molecular mechanisms diet-induced effects intensively farmed yaks remain be elucidated. In this study, 40 chyme samples were collected from four stomach chambers 10 yaks, bacterial diversity bile acid changes rumen (SFRM), reticulum (SFRC), omasum (SFOM), abomasum (SFAM) systematically analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing metabolism. Our results showed that distributes four-chambered stomach, with highest microbial reticulum. There a highly negative correlation among chambers. dominant phyla, Bacteroidota Firmicutes, identified,

Язык: Английский

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Climate change in interaction with global carbon cycle

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 227 - 257

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Editorial: Microbial OMICS, an asset to accelerate sustainability in agricultural and environmental microbiology

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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