Nanomedicine‐mediated recovery of antioxidant glutathione peroxidase activity after oxidative‐stress cellular damage: Insights for neurological long COVID

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Nanomedicine for treating post-viral infectious disease syndrome is at an emerging stage. Despite promising results from preclinical studies on conventional antioxidants, their clinical translation as a therapy post-COVID conditions remains challenging. The limitations are due to low bioavailability, instability, limited transport the target tissues, and short half-life, requiring frequent high doses. Activating immune system during coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depleted antioxidant reserve, finally, oxidative stress neuroinflammation. To tackle this problem, we developed nanotherapy based lipid (vesicular cubosomal types) nanoparticles (LNPs) co-encapsulating ginkgolide B quercetin. antioxidant-loaded nanocarriers were prepared by self-assembly method via hydration lyophilized mixed thin film. We evaluated LNPs in new vitro model studying neuronal dysfunction caused infection. examined key downstream signaling pathways that triggered response potassium persulfate (KPS) causing stress-mediated neurotoxicity. Treatment neuronally-derived cells (SH-SY5Y) with KPS (50 mM) 30 min markedly mitochondrial while depleting levels both glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). This led sequential activation apoptotic necrotic cell death processes, which corroborates crucial implication two proteins (GSH-Px TH) long-COVID syndrome. Nanomedicine-mediated treatment B-loaded cubosomes vesicular showed minimal cytotoxicity completely attenuated KPS-induced process, decreasing apoptosis 32.6% 19.0% (MO-GB), 12.8% (MO-GB-Quer), 14.8% (DMPC-PEG-GB), 23.6% (DMPC-PEG-GB-Quer) free radical scavenging replenished GSH-Px levels. These findings indicated GB-LNPs-based nanomedicines may protect against regulating intracellular redox homeostasis.

Язык: Английский

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Non-invasive brain stimulation for post-COVID-19 conditions: a systematic review

The American Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Role of endothelial cells and angiotensin converting enzyme-II in COVID-19 and brain damages post-infection

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) causes disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became a pandemic in late and early 2020. Apart from many other symptoms of this infection, such as loss smell taste, rashes, body aches, fatigue, psychological cardiac symptoms, it also vasodilation response to inflammation via nitric oxide release. SARS CoV-2 affects microcirculation, resulting the swelling damage endothelial cells, micro thrombosis, constriction capillaries, pericytes that are vital for integrity angiogenesis, healing process. Cytokine storming has been associated with COVID-19 illness. Capillary congestion may cause limited diffusion exchange oxygen lungs hence hypoxemia tissue hypoxia occur. This perspective study will explore involvement capillary by their interference blood oxygenation well brain function persistent severity COVID-19. The overall effects due COVID-19, microvascular damage, organs discussed perspective. Once initiated, vicious cycle hypoxia, function, turn damage. Low levels high cytokines lead after-effects be form mood changes, anxiety, depression, others need investigated.

Язык: Английский

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Substance P – a regulatory peptide with defense and repair functions. Results and perspectives for the fight against COVID-19

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS CoV-2) is the cause of Corona disease 2019 (COVID-19), which turned into a pandemic in late and early 2020. SARS CoV-2 causes endothelial cell destruction swelling, microthrombosis, constriction capillaries, malfunction pericytes, all are detrimental to capillary integrity, angiogenesis, healing processes. Cytokine storming has been connected COVID-19 disease. Hypoxemia tissue hypoxia may arise from impaired oxygen diffusion exchange lungs due damage congestion. This personal view will look at how inflammation affect blood oxygenation, cognitive function, duration intensity The general effects microvascular injury, hypoxia, caused by key organs also covered this point view. Once initiated, vicious cycle leads diminished exacerbates damage, increased hypoxia. Brain result low levels high cytokines brain tissue. In paper we give summary direction with focus on role neuropeptide Substance P. On basis this, discuss selected approaches question: “How P involved etiology results our research could improve prevention or therapy corona? Thereby pointing out post-corona providing novel concepts for prevention.

Язык: Английский

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Is Long COVID a State of Systemic Pericyte Disarray?

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(3), С. 572 - 572

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

The most challenging aspect of Post-Acute Sequelae SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) or Long COVID remains for the discordance between viral damage from acute infection in recent past and susceptibility without clear evidence post infectious inflammation autoimmune reactions. In this communication we propose that disarray pericytes plays a central role emerge COVID. We assume are agents with "Triple-A" qualities, i.e., analyze-adapt advance, necessary sustainability host homeostasis. Based on view, further suggest may provide model system to integrate theory complex adaptive systems explore new class maladies those currently not well defined no remedies.

Язык: Английский

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