The Protective Role of Exosome-Derived MicroRNAs and Proteins from Human Breast Milk against Infectious Agents

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(5), С. 635 - 635

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Human breast milk (HBM)-derived exosomes contain various biological and immunological components. However, comprehensive immune-related antimicrobial factor analysis requires transcriptomic, proteomic, multiple databases for functional analyses, has yet to be conducted. Therefore, we isolated confirmed HBM-derived by detecting specific markers examining their morphology using western blot transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, implemented small RNA sequencing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry investigate substances within the roles in combating pathogenic effects, identifying 208 miRNAs 377 proteins associated with pathways diseases. Integrated omics analyses identified a connection between exosomal microbial infections. In addition, gene ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes pathway demonstrated that miRNA influence functions Finally, protein-protein interaction three primary (ICAM1, TLR2, FN1) infections mediating pro-inflammation, controlling infection, facilitating elimination. Our findings determine modulate immune system could offer therapeutic strategies regulating infection.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in separation and identification of biologically important milk proteins and peptides

Electrophoresis, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 45(1-2), С. 101 - 119

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023

Abstract Milk is a rich source of biologically important proteins and peptides. In addition, milk contains variety extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, that carry their own proteome cargo. EVs are essential for cell–cell communication modulation biological processes. They act as nature carriers bioactive proteins/peptides in targeted delivery during various physiological pathological conditions. Identification the protein‐derived peptides recognition activities functions had tremendous impact on food industry, medicine research, clinical applications. Advanced separation methods, mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomic approaches innovative biostatistical procedures allowed characterization protein isoforms, genetic/splice variants, posttranslational modifications key roles, contributed to novel discoveries. This review article discusses recently published developments identification from EVs, MS‐based approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of In Vitro Enzyme Digestion and Bile Treatment on Milk Extracellular Vesicles Stability

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 68(10)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Scope Milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles with potential immune bioactivities. This study examines their fate during in vitro infant gastrointestinal digestion (GI). Methods and results Bovine milk is digested using the INFOGEST method, adjusted for infant. To unravel contribution of digestive enzymes from bile, treated enzymes, or a combination both. EVs collected posttreatment differential ultracentrifugation. characterization includes electrophoresis, immunoblotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis, atomic force microscopy. protein markers programmed cell death 6‐interacting (ALIX), tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), cluster differentiation 9 (CD9), xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) detected after gastric (G60), but signal intensity significantly reduced by intestinal conditions ( p < 0.05). Enzyme digestion, compared to bile treatment (I60 + bile), significant reduction intensities TSG101 CD9 Nanoparticle analysis shows 0.05) EV numbers at end phase. microscopy phase, showing that intact can survive upper gut digestion. Conclusion Intact be found However, reduce quantity characteristics EVs, playing larger role.

Язык: Английский

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Regulation of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Immune Responses against Antigen-Specific Presentation

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(10), С. 1691 - 1691

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by various immune cells, including B and T macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) mast mediate intercellular communication have attracted much attention owing to the novel delivery system of molecules in vivo. DCs are among most active exosome-secreting system. EVs cancer contain antigens; therefore, development vaccine therapy that does not require identification antigens using cancer-cell-derived may significant clinical implications. In this review, we summarise molecular mechanisms underlying EV-based responses their therapeutic effects on tumour vaccination.

Язык: Английский

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Milk-borne small extracellular vesicles: kinetics and mechanisms of transport, distribution, and elimination

Extracellular Vesicles and Circulating Nucleic Acids, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(3), С. 339 - 346

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in milk have the qualities desired for delivering therapeutics to diseased tissues. The production of bovine sEVs is scalable (1021 annually per cow), and they resist degradation gastrointestinal tract. Most cells studied date internalize by a saturable process that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. bioavailability oral approximately 50%. In addition crossing intestinal mucosa, also cross barriers such as placenta blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling delivery hard-to-reach time course studies, levels peaked plasma, urine 6 h returned baseline 24 after gavage mice. tissues, sEV 12 gavage. Milk appear be biologically safe. No cytokine storm was observed when were added cultures human peripheral blood mononuclear or administered orally rats. Liver kidney function erythropoiesis not impaired rats up 15 days. Protocols loading with therapeutic cargo are available. Currently, use (and other nanoparticles) limited their rapid elimination through internalization macrophages lysosomal target cells. This mini review discusses current knowledge base tissue distribution, excretion feces urine, macrophages, lysosomes.

Язык: Английский

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