Recent Updates of Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment on Osteoarthritis of the Knee

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(5), С. 2619 - 2619

Опубликована: Март 5, 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and chronic joint disease characterized by clinical symptoms distortion of tissues. It primarily damages cartilage, causing pain, swelling, stiffness around the joint. major cause disability pain. The prevalence OA expected to increase gradually with aging population increasing obesity. Many potential therapeutic advances have been made in recent years due improved understanding underlying mechanisms, diagnosis, management OA. Embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent differentiate into chondrocytes or mesenchymal (MSCs) can be used as source injectable treatments cavity. MSCs are known most studied cell therapy products cell-based owing their ability immunomodulatory properties. They improve cartilage recovery ultimately restore healthy joints. However, despite currently available therapies research, unfulfilled medical needs persist for treatment. In this review, we focused on contents non-cellular cellular OA, briefly summarized results trials lay solid application basis research.

Язык: Английский

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Treatment options for androgenetic alopecia: Efficacy, side effects, compliance, financial considerations, and ethics

Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 20(12), С. 3759 - 3781

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2021

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss consisting a characteristic receding frontal hairline in men and diffuse thinning women, with retention, can impact an individual's quality life. The condition primarily mediated by 5-alpha-reductase dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which causes follicles to undergo miniaturization shortening successive anagen cycles. Although variety medical, surgical, light-based nutraceutical treatment options are available slow or reverse progression AGA, it be challenging select appropriate therapies for this chronic condition.To highlight androgenetic taking into consideration efficacy, side effect profiles, practicality (compliance), costs help clinicians offer ethically regimens their patients.A literature search was conducted using electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, EBSCO) textbooks, addition authors' other practitioners' clinical experiences treating alopecia, findings presented here.Although topical minoxidil, oral finasteride, low-level light therapy only FDA-approved treat they just fraction available, including modalities, hormonal therapies, nutraceuticals, PRP exosome treatments, transplantation.Androgenetic remains as selection involves ethical, evidence-based decision-making each individual patient's needs, compliance, budget, extent loss, aesthetic goals, independent potential financial benefits practitioners.

Язык: Английский

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The role of the immune microenvironment in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration: from mechanism to therapeutic opportunity

Military Medical Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2022

Abstract Bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration is a complex spatiotemporal process recruiting variety of cell types, whose activity interplay must be precisely mediated for effective healing post-injury. Although extensive strides have been made in the understanding immune microenvironment processes governing bone, regeneration, clinical translation these mechanisms remains challenge. Regulation increasingly becoming favorable target regeneration; therefore, an in-depth communication between cells functional would valuable. Herein, we review regulatory role promotion maintenance stem states context repair regeneration. We discuss roles various subsets introduce novel strategies, example, biomaterial-targeting activity, aimed at regulating healing. Understanding crosstalk pathways may shed light on new therapeutic opportunities enhancing through regulation microenvironment.

Язык: Английский

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A Brief Overview of Global Trends in MSC-Based Cell Therapy

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(5), С. 1525 - 1545

Опубликована: Март 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Differential Therapeutic Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived by Bone Marrow and Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wound Healing of Diabetic Ulcers and Correlation to Their Cargoes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(8), С. 3851 - 3851

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells isolated both bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (ADSCs) show potential therapeutic effects. These often a similar beneficial effect on regeneration, but in some contexts, they exert different biological properties. To date, comparison of their molecular cargo that could explain the is not available. Here, we demonstrated ADSC-EVs, BMSC-EVs, promote wound healing murine model diabetic wounds. Besides general similarity, bioinformatic analysis protein miRNA highlighted important differences between these two types EVs. Molecules present exclusively ADSC-EVs were highly correlated to angiogenesis, whereas those expressed BMSC-EVs preferentially involved cellular proliferation. Finally, vitro confirmed ADSC exploited skin such as fibroblasts, keratinocytes endothelial cells, through processes. Consistent with analyses, shown mainly proliferation, major angiogenesis. Taken together, results provide deeper comparative information impact regenerative processes essential for healing.

Язык: Английский

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Knee Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: What Else Is New? An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(7), С. 6405 - 6405

Опубликована: Март 29, 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease and the most common orthopedic disorder. A vast majority of social OA burden related to hips knees. The prevalence knee varied across studies such differences are reflected by heterogeneity data reported conducted worldwide. complete understanding pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this pathology essential. inflammatory process starts in synovial membrane with activation immune system, involving both humoral cellular mediators. crucial role played so-called “damage-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be promising option among all possible therapeutic options. However, many issues still debated, as best cell source, their nature, right amount. Further needed clarify remaining doubts. This review provides an overview recent relevant on mechanism cartilage damage OA, including current approaches regenerative medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrogel Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes for Tissue Engineering

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(2), С. 684 - 684

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2021

Tissue engineering has been an inveterate area in the field of regenerative medicine for several decades. However, there remains limitations to engineer and regenerate tissues. Targeted therapies using cell-encapsulated hydrogels, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are capable reducing inflammation increasing potential In addition, use MSC-derived nano-scale secretions (i.e., exosomes) promising. Exosomes originate from multivesicular division have high therapeutic potential, yet neither self-replicate nor cause auto-immune reactions host. To maintain their biological activity allow a controlled release, these paracrine factors can be encapsulated biomaterials. Among different types biomaterials which exosome infusion is exploited, hydrogels proven most user-friendly, economical, accessible material. this paper, we highlight importance MSCs exosomes tissue biomaterial strategies used fabricating exosome-based biomaterials, facilitate hard soft engineering.

Язык: Английский

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Exosomes from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Epidermal Barrier Repair by Inducing de Novo Synthesis of Ceramides in Atopic Dermatitis

Cells, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(3), С. 680 - 680

Опубликована: Март 10, 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial, heterogeneous disease associated with epidermal barrier disruption and intense systemic inflammation. Previously, we showed that exosomes derived from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC-exosomes) attenuate AD-like symptoms by reducing multiple inflammatory cytokine levels. Here, investigated ASC-exosomes’ effects on skin restoration analyzing protein lipid contents. We found subcutaneous injection of ASC-exosomes in an oxazolone-induced model remarkably reduced trans-epidermal water loss, while enhancing stratum corneum (SC) hydration markedly decreasing the levels cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, TSLP, all dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, induced production ceramides dihydroceramides. Electron microscopic analysis revealed enhanced lamellar bodies formation layer at interface SC granulosum treatment. Deep RNA sequencing lesions demonstrated restores expression genes involved barrier, metabolism, cell cycle, response diseased area. Collectively, our results suggest effectively restore functions AD facilitating de novo synthesis ceramides, resulting promising cell-free therapeutic option for treating AD.

Язык: Английский

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High-quality milk exosomes as oral drug delivery system

Biomaterials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 277, С. 121126 - 121126

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Synchronous Disintegration of Ferroptosis Defense Axis via Engineered Exosome‐Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Therapy

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(17)

Опубликована: Май 4, 2022

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most fatal central nervous system tumors and lacks effective or sufficient therapies. Ferroptosis a newly discovered method programmed cell death opens new direction for GBM treatment. However, poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, reduced tumor targeting ability, potential compensatory mechanisms hinder effectiveness ferroptosis agents during Here, novel composite therapeutic platform combining magnetic features drug delivery properties nanoparticles with BBB penetration abilities siRNA encapsulation engineered exosomes therapy presented. This can be enriched in brain under local localization angiopep-2 peptide-modified trigger transcytosis, allowing particles to cross target cells by recognizing LRP-1 receptor. Synergistic achieved combined triple actions disintegration dihydroorotate dehydrogenase glutathione peroxidase 4 defense axis Fe

Язык: Английский

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